Abstract:
A method of making a fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene derivatives and photovoltaic polymers containing same using 3-bromothiophene-2-carboxylic acid as a starting material. This synthetic route provides an easier synthesis as well as greater yield and a purer product, which produces superior results over the prior art less pure products. The resulting materials can be used in a variety of photovoltaic applications and devices, especially solar cells.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a novel BZCYYb-carbonate composite electrolyte and method for making the same. The BZCYYb is porous, and the lithium-potassium carbonate is infiltrated or entrained within the pores of the BZCYYb to have better conductivity at the phase boundaries.
Abstract:
A method of forming layers of a solid oxide fuel cell. The method begins by pumping a volume of a slip form a slip reservoir to a separator reservoir. A separator and a blade are provided upon a carrier to form the separator reservoir with a gap formed between the blade and the carrier. The carrier is operated so that the carrier is transported from the separator to the blade. A layer of slip is then deposited from the separator reservoir onto the carrier. The layer of slip is then dried on the carrier.
Abstract:
A method of fabricating a SSZ/SDC bi-layer electrolyte solid oxide fuel cell, comprising the steps of: fabricating an NiO-YSZ anode substrate from a mixed NiO and yttria-stabilized zirconia by tape casting; sequentially depositing a NiO-SSZ buffer layer, a thin SSZ electrolyte layer and a SDC electrolyte on the NiO-YSZ anode substrate by a particle suspension coating or spraying process, wherein the layers are co-fired at high temperature to densify the electrolyte layers to at least about 96% of their theoretical densities; and painting/spraying a SSC-SDC slurry on the SDC electrolyte to form a porous SSC-SDC cathode. A SSZ/SDC bi-layer electrolyte cell device and a method of using such device are also discussed.
Abstract:
Compositions, synthesis and applications for furan, thiophene and selenophene derivatized benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dithiophene(BDT)-thienothiophene (BDT-TT) based polymers, namely, poly[(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethyhexyl)selenophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexanoyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-6-diyl (CS-15), poly[(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethyhexyl)selenophen-2-yl)-benzo[l,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2- carboxylate-2-6-diyl (CS-16), poly[(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethyhexyl)furan-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-carboxylate-2-6-diyl (CS-18) and poly[(4,8-bis(5-hexylfuran-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexanoyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b]thiophene)-2-6-diyl (CS-24) are disclosed. Further, an organic solar cell constructed of a derivatized benzo[l,2-b:3,4-b']dithiophene(BDT)-thienothiophene (BDT-TT) based polymer is discussed.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a novel scandium-doped Ba(Ce, Zr, Y) 0 3_ δ electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells that exhibits elevated ion conductivity at intermediate temperature range comparing to other electrolyte materials, such as BZCYYb.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses an integrated SOFC system powered by natural gas. Specifically, a SOFC-0 cell is combined with a SOFC-H cell so as to take advantage of the high operating temperature and steam reforming capabilities of the SOFC-0 cell as well as the higher fuel conversion efficiency of the SOFC-H cell.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a novel BZCYYb-carbonate composite electrolyte and method for making the same. The BZCYYb is porous, and the lithium-potassium carbonate is infiltrated or entrained within the pores of the BZCYYb to have better conductivity at the phase boundaries.
Abstract:
A polymer having two different sets of repeat units consisting essentially of: (Formula 1) and Additionally, in the polymer R1 can be selected from the group consisting of alkyl group, alkoxy group, aryl groups and combinations thereof. In the polymer, n and m can be greater than 1. In the polymer, x and y can be different from each other and independently selected from the group consisting of: an alkoxy group, a substituted alkoxy group, an aryl group, an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, (Formula 2), where y = 1-3, (Formula 3) where y = 0-12, (Formula 4) where R2 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl groups, and aryl groups, (Formula 5) where R3 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl groups, and aryl groups, (Formula 6) where R4 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl groups, and aryl groups, --NR6R7 where R6 and R7 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl groups, and aryl groups.