公开(公告)号：US09524855B2

公开(公告)日：2016-12-20

申请号：US14567744

申请日：2014-12-11

Applicant: Thermo Finnigan LLC

Inventor： Alan E. Schoen ,  Johnathan Wayne Smith

IPC: H01J49/02 ,  H01J49/42 ,  H01J49/00 ,  H01J43/04

CPC classification number: H01J49/025 ,  H01J43/045 ,  H01J49/0031 ,  H01J49/4215

Abstract: A detector system for a mass spectrometer comprises: a metal channel dynode (MCD) comprising at least one perforated metal plate configured to receive the exiting ions and eject electrons in response; a plurality of electron-to-photon converters arranged in a parallel stacked configuration, each such converter comprising a substrate plate having a phosphor coating on a first face; and an electrode film disposed on the phosphor coating; at least one photocathode, each of the at least one photocathode disposed between a respective pair of the plurality of electron-to-photon converters; an optical detector optically coupled a last one of the electron-to-photon converters; and at least one direct current power supply configured to apply, in operation, a respective bias electrical potential to the MCD and each of the electrode films and photocathodes.

Abstract translation: 用于质谱仪的检测器系统包括：金属通道倍增极（MCD），包括至少一个穿孔金属板，其被配置为接收出射离子并且响应地弹出电子; 多个以平行层叠结构布置的电子对光子转换器，每个这样的转换器包括在第一面上具有荧光体涂层的基板; 以及设置在所述荧光体涂层上的电极膜; 至少一个光电阴极，所述至少一个光电阴极中的每一个设置在相应的一对多个电子 - 光子转换器之间; 光学检测器，光电耦合最后一个电子 - 光子转换器; 以及至少一个直流电源，其被配置为在操作中向MCD和每个电极膜和光电阴极施加相应的偏置电位。

公开(公告)号：US20160172173A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-16

申请号：US14567744

申请日：2014-12-11

Applicant: Thermo Finnigan LLC

Inventor： Alan E. SCHOEN ,  Johnathan Wayne SMITH

IPC: H01J49/02 ,  H01J49/00 ,  H01J49/42

CPC classification number: H01J49/025 ,  H01J43/045 ,  H01J49/0031 ,  H01J49/4215

Abstract: A detector system for a mass spectrometer comprises: a metal channel dynode (MCD) comprising at least one perforated metal plate configured to receive the exiting ions and eject electrons in response; a plurality of electron-to-photon converters arranged in a parallel stacked configuration, each such converter comprising a substrate plate having a phosphor coating on a first face; and an electrode film disposed on the phosphor coating; at least one photocathode, each of the at least one photocathode disposed between a respective pair of the plurality of electron-to-photon converters; an optical detector optically coupled a last one of the electron-to-photon converters; and at least one direct current power supply configured to apply, in operation, a respective bias electrical potential to the MCD and each of the electrode films and photocathodes.

Abstract translation: 用于质谱仪的检测器系统包括：金属通道倍增极（MCD），包括至少一个穿孔金属板，其被配置为接收出射离子并且响应地弹出电子; 多个以平行层叠结构布置的电子对光子转换器，每个这样的转换器包括在第一面上具有荧光体涂层的基板; 以及设置在所述荧光体涂层上的电极膜; 至少一个光电阴极，所述至少一个光电阴极中的每一个设置在相应的一对多个电子 - 光子转换器之间; 光学检测器，光电耦合最后一个电子 - 光子转换器; 以及至少一个直流电源，其被配置为在操作中向MCD和每个电极膜和光电阴极施加相应的偏置电位。

公开(公告)号：US20050023473A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-03

申请号：US10878071

申请日：2004-06-28

Applicant: Kent Burr ,  James LeBlanc

Inventor： Kent Burr ,  James LeBlanc

IPC: G01T1/29 ,  H01J43/04 ,  H01J43/28 ,  G01T1/20 ,  H01S3/00

CPC classification number: H01J43/28 ,  A61B6/037 ,  G01T1/1611 ,  G01T1/2985 ,  H01J43/045

Abstract: A technique is provided for manufacturing a multi-anode photomultiplier tube for use in positron emission tomography (PET) detectors. One or more optical properties within an entrance window of the multi-anode photomultiplier tube are altered at a focal spot via a laser. The focal spot is translated relative to the entrance window for creating a three-dimensional pattern within the entrance window. This three-dimensional pattern having the one or more optical properties altered is adapted to control the spreading of optical photons within the entrance window.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于制造用于正电子发射断层摄影（PET）检测器的多阳极光电倍增管的技术。 多阳极光电倍增管的入射窗内的一个或多个光学特性通过激光在焦斑处改变。 焦点相对于入口窗口进行翻译，用于在入口窗口内创建三维图案。 具有改变的一个或多个光学特性的该三维图案适于控制光入射窗口内光学光子的扩展。

公开(公告)号：US06841935B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-11

申请号：US10240568

申请日：2001-04-03

Applicant: Hiroyuki Kyushima ,  Akira Atsumi ,  Hideki Shimoi

Inventor： Hiroyuki Kyushima ,  Akira Atsumi ,  Hideki Shimoi

IPC: H01J43/00 ,  H01J43/04 ,  H01J43/22 ,  H01J43/10

CPC classification number: H01J31/507 ,  H01J43/045 ,  H01J43/22

Abstract: A dynode (8) constituting an electron multiplier or a photomultiplier is provided with eight rows of channels (15) each defined by an outer frame (16) and a partitioning part (17) of the dynode (8). In each channel (15), a plurality of electron multiplying holes (14) are arranged. In specified positions of the outer frame (16) and the partitioning part (17) of the dynode (8), glass receiving parts (21) wider than the outer frame (16) and the partitioning part (17) are provided integrally with the dynode (8). Glass parts (22) are bonded to all the glass receiving parts (21). The glass parts (22) are bonded by applying glass to the glass receiving parts (21) and hardening the glass and each have a generally dome-like convex shape. Each dynode (8) is formed after the dome-like glass part (22) is bonded to the glass receiving part (21).

Abstract translation: 构成电子倍增器或光电倍增管的倍增电极（8）设置有由排列（8）的外框架（16）和分隔部分（17）限定的8行通道（15）。 在每个通道（15）中，布置有多个电子倍增孔（14）。 在倍增极（8）的外框架（16）和分隔部分（17）的指定位置，与外框架（16）和分隔部分（17）相比较宽的玻璃容纳部件（21）与 倍增极（8）。 玻璃部件（22）与所有玻璃接收部件（21）接合。 玻璃部分（22）通过将玻璃施加到玻璃接收部分（21）并使玻璃硬化并且各自具有大致圆顶状的凸起形状而接合。 在圆顶状玻璃部件22接合到玻璃接收部件21之后形成多个倍增极8。

公开(公告)号：US06794629B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US10468826

申请日：2003-08-25

Applicant: Hisaki Kato ,  Hideto Kawai

Inventor： Hisaki Kato ,  Hideto Kawai

IPC: H01J4014

CPC classification number: H01J43/28 ,  H01J43/045 ,  H01J43/06 ,  H01J43/18 ,  H01J43/22

Abstract: A photomultiplier eliminates the reflection of light off of focusing pieces in a focusing electrode and prevents the photocathode from emitting useless electrons in response to such reflected light by including an oxide film formed over the surface of each focusing piece. The oxide film is also formed on the surface of secondary electron emission pieces in the first and second stage dynodes to eliminate the reflection of light off of the secondary electron emission pieces and to prevent the photocathode from emitting useless electrons in response to such reflected light. Further, a light-absorbing glass partitioning part is provided in a light-receiving faceplate to suppress crosstalk between channels.

公开(公告)号：US5598060A

公开(公告)日：1997-01-28

申请号：US335540

申请日：1994-11-07

Applicant: Pierre l'Hermite

Inventor： Pierre l'Hermite

IPC: H01J43/04 ,  H01J43/06 ,  H01J43/20 ,  H01J43/22 ,  H01J43/00

CPC classification number: H01J43/06 ,  H01J43/045

Abstract: A segmented photomultiplier tube having an electrode which, in its higher part acts as a focusing electrode for distributing photo-electrons on both sides of an axial plane, while in its lower part forming a collection cage, the photo-electrons undergo a first multiplication at the portions of the lateral walls, which are folded towards the axial plane. Apertures in a median plate of the electrode are covered by a highly transparent grid. The electrode is completed by a central partition which extends along the median plate just to the proximity of an input dynode of a laminated multiplier. A bar having a small cross-section may be provided, centered on the axial plane and receiving a potential near the potential across the photocathode. A plurality of these tubes can be arranged in a mosaic pattern for mapping luminous events.

Abstract translation: 一种分段光电倍增管，具有电极，其较高部分用作用于在轴向平面的两侧分配光电子的聚焦电极，而在其下部形成收集笼，光电子经历第一次乘法 侧壁的部分朝向轴向平面折叠。 电极中间板的孔径被高度透明的网格覆盖。 电极由中央隔板完成，该中央隔板沿着中间板延伸到紧邻层叠乘法器的输入倍增极的附近。 可以提供具有小横截面的棒，其中心在轴向平面上并且在靠近光电阴极的电位附近接收电位。 多个这样的管可以布置成马赛克图案以映射发光事件。

公开(公告)号：US5471059A

公开(公告)日：1995-11-28

申请号：US358231

申请日：1994-12-16

Applicant: Philip A. Freedman ,  Edward F. H. Hall

Inventor： Philip A. Freedman ,  Edward F. H. Hall

IPC: H01J43/04 ,  H01J49/02 ,  H01J49/30

CPC classification number: H01J43/045 ,  H01J49/025

Abstract: A multiple charged-particle detector system includes a plurality of charged-particle detector assemblies (10-12) which are each made up of a first arm (19-22) and a second arm (24-27) extending at an angle to each other. Charged particles (4-7) enter an aperture (14-18) at the entrance of the first arm (19-22) of each detector assembly (10-12) and strike a dynode (30-33) positioned at the intersection of the two arms causing electrons to be emitted by the dynode (30-33). Some of the electrons pass into the second arms (24-27) of the detector assemblies (10-12) and are detected by a continuous-dynode electron multiplier (35-38). The first arms (19-22) are narrower than the detectors (35-38), and the detector assemblies (10-12) are arranged in such a way that the minimum separation at which charged-particle beams (4-7) can be detected is determined by the widths of the said first arms (19-22) of the detector assemblies (10-12), and not by the widths of the detectors (35-38) themselves.

Abstract translation: 多个带电粒子检测器系统包括多个带电粒子检测器组件（10-12），每个带电粒子检测器组件由第一臂（19-22）和第二臂（24-27）组成，第一臂（19-22）和第二臂 其他。 带电粒子（4-7）在每个检测器组件（10-12）的第一臂（19-22）的入口处进入孔（14-18），并且撞击位于相交处的倍增电极（30-33） 两臂引起电子由倍增极发射（30-33）。 一些电子进入检测器组件（10-12）的第二臂（24-27），并由连续的倍增电极倍增器（35-38）检测。 第一臂（19-22）比检测器（35-38）窄，并且检测器组件（10-12）以使得带电粒子束（4-7）的最小间隔可以 被检测由检测器组件（10-12）的所述第一臂（19-22）的宽度确定，而不是由检测器（35-38）本身的宽度确定。

公开(公告)号：US5445921A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-29

申请号：US225336

申请日：1994-04-08

Applicant: Donald P. Palmer

Inventor： Donald P. Palmer

IPC: G03C1/72 ,  H01J29/89 ,  H01J43/04 ,  G03F7/00

CPC classification number: G03C1/72 ,  H01J29/89 ,  H01J43/045

Abstract: A method of constructing a low crosstalk faceplate for a multiple section photomultiplier tube is disclosed. To prevent scatter of incident radiation into adjacent sections, a glass barrier which absorbs the incident radiation is formed within the faceplate around each clear glass section and across the entire thickness of the faceplate. The construction method involves the use of a glass whose transmission characteristic can be varied by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Thus, the faceplate is constructed of the U.V. sensitive glass, specific areas are masked, and then the glass is exposed to the required radiation and a following heat treatment. The boundary regions around each photocathode are thereby converted to opaque glass.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种构建用于多段光电倍增管的低串扰面板的方法。 为了防止入射辐射散射到相邻的部分中，吸收入射辐射的玻璃屏障形成在每个透明玻璃部分周围的面板内并跨过面板的整个厚度。 施工方法涉及使用玻璃，其透射特性可以通过暴露于紫外线辐射而变化。 因此，面板由U.V. 敏感玻璃，特定区域被掩蔽，然后将玻璃暴露于所需的辐射并进行后续热处理。 由此将各光电阴极周围的边界区域变为不透明玻璃。

公开(公告)号：US5126629A

公开(公告)日：1992-06-30

申请号：US610602

申请日：1990-11-08

Applicant: Herve Chopy

Inventor： Herve Chopy

IPC: H01J43/22 ,  H01J43/04

CPC classification number: H01J43/045

Abstract: Photomultiplier tube (10) segmented into a plurality of elementary photomultipliers (11), comprising a photocathode (12), a plurality of elementary electron multipliers (13) of the "apertured sheet" type, and a plurality of focusing electrodes (14) providing the convergence of the photoelectrons emitted by the photocathode (12) towards the elementary multiplier (13). In accordance with the invention, the homologous sheets (15) of the elementary multipliers are realised on one single segmented conductor wafer (16) having a neutral zone (17) separating the active apertured zones (18) constituting the different multipliers (13). The said focusing electrodes (14) can be made from one single conductor sheet (19) in which feedthrough apertures (20) are punched through which the photoelectrons are passed towards the elementary multipliers (13).

Abstract translation: 光电倍增管（10）被分割成多个基本光电倍增管（11），包括光电阴极（12），多孔基片电子倍增器（13）和多个聚焦电极（14），提供 由光电阴极（12）发射的光电子朝向基本乘法器（13）的会聚。 根据本发明，基本乘法器的同源片（15）在具有分离构成不同乘法器（13）的有源有孔区域（18）的中性区域（17）的单个分段导体晶片（16）上实现。 所述聚焦电极（14）可以由一个导体片（19）制成，其中穿通穿通孔（20），光电子通过该导电孔穿过基本乘法器（13）。

公开(公告)号：US20170025259A1

公开(公告)日：2017-01-26

申请号：US15301269

申请日：2015-03-30

Applicant: The University of Warwick

Inventor： Yorck Ramachers ,  Gavin Bell

IPC: H01J43/18 ,  H01J47/02 ,  G01J1/42

CPC classification number: H01J43/18 ,  G01J1/429 ,  H01J31/49 ,  H01J43/045 ,  H01J43/22 ,  H01J43/24 ,  H01J47/02 ,  H01J2231/50021 ,  H01J2231/501

Abstract: A device (1), such as a detector or imaging device, for detecting ultraviolet light, is described. The device comprises a housing (4) for a chamber. Disposed within the housing is a charge carrier multiplier structure (9) comprising a dielectric sheet (10) having first and second opposite faces (11, 12) and having an array of holes (16) traversing the dielectric sheet between the first and second faces. The device includes a photocathode (13) supported on the first face of the dielectric sheet, having a work function of less than 6 eV. The device includes an anode (14) supported on the second face of the dielectric sheet.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于检测紫外光的装置（1），例如检测器或成像装置。 该装置包括用于腔室的壳体（4）。 设置在壳体内的电荷载体倍增器结构（9）包括具有第一和第二相对面（11,12）的电介质片（10），并且具有穿过第一和第二面之间的电介质片的孔阵列 。 该装置包括负载在电介质片的第一面上的光电阴极（13），具有小于6eV的功函数。 该装置包括支撑在电介质片的第二面上的阳极（14）。