Abstract:
An integrated process for producing cyclohexanone oxime, a caprolactam precursor, is provided wherein isopropanol is utilized to generate the hydrogen peroxide oxidizing agent. The acetone produced as a co-product is recycled back to the secondary alcohol by hydrogenation. Ammoximation of cyclohexanone is performed in the presence of water and an alcohol other than isopropanol such as methanol or t-butyl alcohol.
Abstract:
Lactams, in particular epsilon-caprolactam (a basic starting material for the production of nylon 6), are selectively prepared by cyclizing/reacting the corresponding aminonitriles with water, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a deactivation-resistant solid metal phosphate having the general formula (II):MH.sub.h (PO.sub.4).sub.n .multidot.(Imp).sub.pin which M is a divalent, trivalent, tetravalent or pentavalent element selected from among those of Groups 2a, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, 8, 2b, 3a, 4a and 5a of the Periodic Table, or mixture thereof, or M=0; Imp is a basic impregnating compound which comprises an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or mixture thereof, together with an electrical neutrality-ensuing counteranion therefor; n is 1, 2 or 3; h is 0, 1 or 2; and p is a number ranging from 0 to 1/3, corresponding to the molar ratio between the moiety Imp and the moiety MH.sub.h (PO.sub.4).sub.n.
Abstract:
An integrated process for producing cyclohexanone oxime, a caprolactam precursor, is provided wherein a secondary alcohol is utilized to generate the hydrogen peroxide oxidizing agent and as a reaction medium for ammoximation. The ketone produced as a co-product is recycled back to the secondary alcohol by hydrogenation.
Abstract:
.gamma.-lactones are converted into both known and new azetidine carboxylic acids which can be transformed readily to the corresponding .beta.-lactams by oxidative decarboxylation. The .beta.-lactams and substitution products thereof are useful intermediates in the synthesis of biologically active lactams such as nocardicin.
Abstract:
An improved process for preparing 2-pyrrolidinone at relatively low pressures which comprises reduction of succinimide in an aqueous system at temperatures of about 225* to 275* C., at a pressure in the range of about 1,200 to 1,500 p.s.i.g. and in the presence of a supported palladium catalyst.
Abstract:
A LIQUID PHASE OXIDATION REACTION WHEREBY A CYCLIC AMINE HAVING AN UNSUBSTITUTED METHYLENE MOIETY ADJACENT TO THE RING NITROGEN IS CONVERTED TO THE CORRESPONDING LACTAM BY REACTING THE AMINE WITH A HYDROPEROXIDE IN THE PRESENCE OF A METAL ION CATALYST.
Abstract:
IN THE CATALYTIC CLEAVAGE 1,1''-PEROXYDICYCLOHEXYLAMINE, TO GIVE CAPROLACTAM THE MAJORITY OF THE CYCLOALKANONE COPRODUCT IS CONTINUOUSLY REMOVED BY DISTILLATION FROM THE MIXTURE UNDERGOING CLEAVAGE.