公开(公告)号：US06839136B2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

申请号：US10011236

申请日：2001-10-19

Applicant: Thomas L. Mikes

Inventor： Thomas L. Mikes

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G02B6/34

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/1804 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/29314 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/29398

Abstract: A spectrum analyzer providing an integrated calibration function and for providing that calibration function automatically. The injection of light to be analyzed through a central aperture of a scanning grating onto a focusing reflector provides in combination four traversals of the space therebetween. The spectrometer thus is used to separate wavelength information spacially and receive it back at the same or adjacent aperture(s) to be analyzed by a processing system to establish the spectra for the incident light. The light is typically injected from and received back into optical fibers or other light carrying elements. Calibration light is also applied through the same or adjacent apertures in the grating from a known source and spectra such as Argon to use as a calibration reference by detecting the known spectra peaks and correlating it to grating scan angle. The same structure is also used as a telecommunications channel router by injecting light of multi-channel and thus broadband spectral content into the spectrometer through the central aperture(s) and angling the grating so that a selected channel or channels are reflected back after four passages of the spectral separator to output one or more optical fibers or other guides.

Abstract translation: 频谱分析仪提供集成校准功能，并自动提供校准功能。 通过扫描光栅的中心孔将待分析的光注入到聚焦反射器上，四者之间的空间组合四次。 因此，光谱仪用于空间分离波长信息并在相同或相邻孔径处接收，以便由处理系统分析以建立入射光的光谱。 光通常从光纤或其他轻载元件注入并接收回。 校准光也通过来自已知源和光谱（例如氩）的光栅中的相同或相邻孔径施加，以通过检测已知光谱峰值并将其与光栅扫描角度相关联来用作校准参考。 同样的结构也被用作通信信道路由器，它通过中心孔和多个通道将光通道注入光谱仪，从而使光纤通过四通道反射回所选择的通道 的光谱分离器以输出一个或多个光纤或其它引导件。

公开(公告)号：US06788849B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-07

申请号：US10130078

申请日：2002-09-23

Applicant: Romuald Pawluczyk

Inventor： Romuald Pawluczyk

IPC: G02B634

CPC classification number: G02B6/2931 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G02B6/29311

Abstract: A volume diffraction grating having a substrate and an optically active layer has a structure formed in the optically active layer. The structure is operational to diffract optical signals in two selected spectral bands. The grating may be formed in a high dispersion embodiment suitable for separating individual signals from composite signals of both spectral bands. Alternatively, the grating may be formed in a low dispersion version which can separate the composite signals from each other. In another embodiment, a second structure is formed in the optically active layer. Each of the structures is configured to be operational in one of the spectral bands, allowing signals in each band to be diffracted independently of one another. In another embodiment, the structure(s) may have a curved profile allowing the diffracted beams to be shaped or focused without the need for external lenses.

Abstract translation: 具有基板和光学活性层的体积衍射光栅具有在光学活性层中形成的结构。 该结构可操作以在两个选定的光谱带中衍射光信号。 光栅可以形成在适于从两个光谱带的复合信号分离各个信号的高色散实施例中。 或者，光栅可以以可以将复合信号彼此分离的低分散版本形成。 在另一个实施例中，在光学活性层中形成第二结构。 每个结构被配置为在一个频谱带中操作，允许每个频带中的信号彼此独立地被衍射。 在另一个实施例中，该结构可以具有允许衍射光束成形或聚焦而不需要外部透镜的弯曲轮廓。

公开(公告)号：US20040021871A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-05

申请号：US10627184

申请日：2003-07-25

Applicant: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Demetri Psaltis ,  Wenhai Liu ,  Jose Mumbru ,  George Barbastathis

IPC: G01B009/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838 ,  G01B9/021 ,  G01J3/2823

Abstract: A holographic imaging spectrometer, apparatus, and/or method enables the projection of a two-dimensional (2D) slice (having spectral information) of a four-dimensional (4D) probing object. A 4D probing source object is illuminated to emit an optical field. A holographic element having one or more recorded holograms receives and diffracts the optical field into a diffracted plane beam having spectral information. Collector optics (e.g., an imaging lens) focuses the diffracted plane beam having spectral information to a 2D slice (having spectral information) of the 4D probing source object. The focused 2D slice having spectral information is projected onto a 2D detector array surface. In addition, the holographic element may have multiple multiplexed holograms that are arranged to diffract light from the corresponding slice of the 4D probing source object to a non-overlapping section of the detector.

Abstract translation: 全息成像光谱仪，装置和/或方法使得能够投影四维（4D）探测对象的二维（2D）切片（具有光谱信息）。 4D探测源物体被照亮以发射光场。 具有一个或多个记录的全息图的全息元件接收并将光场衍射成具有光谱信息的衍射平面光束。 收集器光学器件（例如，成像透镜）将具有光谱信息的衍射平面光束聚焦到4D探测源对象的2D切片（具有光谱信息）。 具有光谱信息的聚焦2D切片被投影到2D检测器阵列表面上。 此外，全息元件可以具有多个复用全息图，其被布置为将来自4D探测源对象的相应切片的光衍射到检测器的非重叠部分。

公开(公告)号：US20030213768A1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-20

申请号：US10459463

申请日：2003-06-12

Inventor： Masaru Koeda ,  Yuji Tanaka ,  Akio Soejima

IPC: B29D011/00

CPC classification number: G03F7/0005 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G03H1/0244 ,  G03H1/028 ,  G03H2001/0296 ,  G03H2260/63

Abstract: In a method of forming a holographic grating, a photoresist layer is formed on an optical substrate, and a resist pattern is formed in the photoresist layer to have grooves depth deeper than a predetermined depth of diffraction grating grooves to be formed. Then, the photoresist layer with the resist pattern is etched by an ion beam generated by a mixed gas containing a fluorine based gas and oxygen until the resist pattern is substantially completely disappears. Thus, the diffraction grating grooves having the predetermined depth are directly engraved on the optical glass plate.

Abstract translation: 在形成全息光栅的方法中，在光学基板上形成光致抗蚀剂层，并且在光致抗蚀剂层中形成具有深度比要形成的衍射光栅槽的预定深度更深的凹槽的抗蚀剂图案。 然后，通过由含氟基气体和氧气的混合气体产生的离子束蚀刻具有抗蚀剂图案的光致抗蚀剂层，直到抗蚀剂图案基本上完全消失。 因此，具有预定深度的衍射光栅槽直接雕刻在光学玻璃板上。

公开(公告)号：US06583873B1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-24

申请号：US09668167

申请日：2000-09-25

Applicant: Alexander F. Goncharov ,  Viktor V. Struzhkin

Inventor： Alexander F. Goncharov ,  Viktor V. Struzhkin

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/0227 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G02B5/1828 ,  G02B27/1086

Abstract: A spectrometer has a source of illumination radiation having a plurality of spectral wavelengths, a bandpass filter, a dispersive beamsplitter disposed in an optical path of said source of illumination radiation, an illumination radiation rejection filter, and a spectrograph disposed in a path of radiation from a sample illuminated by illumination radiation from said source of illumination radiation. The dispersive beamsplitter, the bandpass filter, the illumination radiation rejection filter and spectrograph are tunable in correspondence to a selected one of the plurality of spectral wavelengths of the source of illumination radiation. The dispersive beamsplitter directs the selected one of the plurality of spectral wavelengths of illumination radiation to a sample and directs elastically scattered and reflected radiation from the sample out of a measurement beam of light emanating from the sample. The inelastically scattered light passes through the dispersive beamsplitter essentially unaffected and is directed to the illumination radiation rejection filter and the spectrograph.

Abstract translation: 光谱仪具有具有多个光谱波长的照射辐射源，带通滤光器，设置在所述照射辐射源的光路中的色散分束器，照明辐射阻挡滤光器和设置在辐射路径中的光谱仪 由来自所述照射辐射源的照射辐射照射的样品。 分散分束器，带通滤光器，照明辐射抑制滤光器和光谱仪可以对应于照明辐射源的多个光谱波长中的选定的一个。 色散分束器将照射辐射的多个光谱波长中的所选择的一个引导到样本，并将来自样品的弹性散射和反射辐射引导出从样品发出的测量光束。 非弹性散射的光通过色散分束器基本上不受影响，并被引导到照明辐射阻挡滤光器和光谱仪。

公开(公告)号：US06486948B1

公开(公告)日：2002-11-26

申请号：US09659300

申请日：2000-09-12

Applicant: Haishan Zeng

Inventor： Haishan Zeng

IPC: G01J344

CPC classification number: G01J3/1838 ,  G01J3/0221 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J2003/2866

Abstract: Systems and methods for rapid Raman spectroscopy. The speed is improved by providing light from a sample to a light-dispersive element, such as a holographic grating, in a pattern that inversely complements distortion caused by the grating. For example, if the grating imparts a curve to the spectral lines emanating from the grating, then the light is inserted into the grating in a curve in the opposite direction. Also calibration light guides able to transmit a known, or standard, light to the detection or spectroscopy system. The calibration light guide can be useful both with traditional light transmission guides and with the light transmission guides of the present invention.

Abstract translation: 快速拉曼光谱的系统和方法。 通过将样品中的光提供给诸如全息光栅的光分散元件，以与由光栅引起的失真相反的图案来提高速度。 例如，如果光栅对从光栅发出的光谱线施加曲线，则将光以相反方向的曲线插入光栅。 还有校准光导能够将已知或标准的光传输到检测或光谱系统。 校准光导可以与传统的光传输引导件和本发明的光传输引导件一起使用。

公开(公告)号：US06373567B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-16

申请号：US09466295

申请日：1999-12-17

Applicant: Kent Lawson Wise ,  John Brittain Cooper ,  Christian Lee Schoen

Inventor： Kent Lawson Wise ,  John Brittain Cooper ,  Christian Lee Schoen

IPC: G01J344

CPC classification number: G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/0205 ,  G01J3/1838

Abstract: A compact dispersive near-IR Raman spectrometer is disclosed. The Raman spectrometer consists of a diode pumped solid state (DPSS) laser emitting light at 1064 nm and an InGaAs diode array detector. The DPSS laser is used as an excitation source for stimulating Raman scattering of the sample being analyzed. The Raman signal is collected and filtered to remove the DPSS laser Rayleigh scatter. The collected and filtered Raman signal is dispersed using a volume holographic grating. The dispersed Raman signal is detected using a linear InGaAs diode array detector that is sensitive to light in the wavelength region 900-1700 nm. The dispersive near-IR Raman spectrometer is rugged and compact and enables the collection of high signal-to-noise Raman spectra with high wavelength stability and without the presence of interfering fluorescent backgrounds.

Abstract translation: 公开了紧凑型分散近红外拉曼光谱仪。 拉曼光谱仪由1064nm发射光的二极管泵浦固态（DPSS）激光器和InGaAs二极管阵列检测器组成。 DPSS激光器用作激发源，用于刺激正在分析的样品的拉曼散射。 收集和过滤拉曼信号以去除DPSS激光瑞利散射。 收集和过滤的拉曼信号使用体积全息光栅进行分散。 使用对波长范围900-1700nm的光敏感的线性InGaAs二极管阵列检测器来检测分散的拉曼信号。 色散近红外线拉曼光谱仪坚固耐用，可以收集高信噪比的拉曼光谱，具有高波长稳定性和无干扰荧光背景。

公开(公告)号：US5170222A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-08

申请号：US598557

申请日：1990-10-16

Applicant: Graham S. B. Street

Inventor： Graham S. B. Street

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01J2003/425

Abstract: A dual beam spectrophotometer has a blazed concave reflective grating 25, formed using the interference fringes of a coherent light beam reflected back from a spherical convex mirror 73 having a center of curvature at a point 65. The point 65 is off the Rowland circle 79 of the grating 25, so as to provide a different surface of focus 81 at the position of a photodiode array 29 which detects the spectrum formed by the grating 25. This permits the angle of the photodiode array 29 to be selected for good linearity of the distribution of wavelength of the spectrum along the array while maintaining the spectrum in focus over the whole length of the array 29. In order to compensate for remaining non-linearities, the width of barrier zones 93 between adjacent diodes 49 in the photodiode array 29 may be varied, so that the pitch of the diodes 49 varies with position along the array 29.

公开(公告)号：US5002392A

公开(公告)日：1991-03-26

申请号：US443952

申请日：1989-12-01

Applicant: C. Hermas Swope ,  John G. Link ,  Douglas G. Haugen ,  Joseph G. Karp

Inventor： C. Hermas Swope ,  John G. Link ,  Douglas G. Haugen ,  Joseph G. Karp

IPC: G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/13 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N35/04

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0232 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01N2021/0325

Abstract: A multichannel optical monitoring system for monitoring the spectral transmission of a plurality of samples. A plurality of light beams are generated and a plurality of optical monitoring stations are arranged along a pathway, each station having an optical path formed by one of the light beams transverse to the pathway and along which optical characteristics are monitored. A drive mechanism moves a plurality of reaction wells, each containing a reaction volume, along the pathway from station to station so that respective reaction volumes dwell periodically in each optical path for transmitting a respective one of the light beams. A diffraction grating is arranged for diffracting the beams transmitted by respective ones of the reaction volumes. The diffracted beams are focussed and at least one array of photodetectors is positioned for receiving the diffracted and focussed beams for producing electrical signals representing the spectral content of the diffracted beams. An electronic circuit detects the electrical signals of the array, which signals may be stored for further processing and evaluation.

Abstract translation: 一种用于监测多个样本的光谱透射的多通道光学监测系统。 产生多个光束，并且沿着路径布置多个光学监视站，每个站具有由横向于路径的一个光束形成的光路，并且监视光学特性。 驱动机构沿着从站到站的路径移动多个反应孔，每个反应孔包含反应体积，使得相应的反应体积周期性地驻留在每个光路中，以传输相应的一个光束。 衍射光栅被布置用于衍射由相应反应体积传输的光束。 衍射光束被聚焦，并且至少一个光电检测器阵列被定位成用于接收衍射和聚焦光束，以产生表示衍射光束的光谱含量的电信号。 电子电路检测阵列的电信号，哪些信号可以存储用于进一步的处理和评估。

公开(公告)号：US4927265A

公开(公告)日：1990-05-22

申请号：US187789

申请日：1988-04-29

Applicant: Robert G. Brownlee

Inventor： Robert G. Brownlee

IPC: G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N35/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N27/44721 ,  G01N27/44756 ,  G01J3/1838 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01N2021/1734 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2021/6491 ,  G01N2035/00306 ,  G01N2035/00316 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N2201/0446

Abstract: Automated capillary electrophoresis tests can be performed using the capillary electrophoresis instrument of this invention. The capillary electrophoresis instrument has means for automatically purging and replenishing electrolytes, for automatically entering a sample into the capillary tube and for automatically performing capillary electrophoresis. A detector for simultaneous detection of absorbance and fluorescence provides means for quantifing the species separated by electrophoresis.

Abstract translation: 可以使用本发明的毛细管电泳仪进行自动毛细管电泳测试。 毛细管电泳仪具有自动清洗和补充电解质的装置，用于将样品自动进入毛细管并自动进行毛细管电泳。 用于同时检测吸光度和荧光的检测器提供了用于定量通过电泳分离的物种的手段。