Abstract:
The invention provides a method for separating one or more triorganophosphite components from a crude phosphite mixture containing acidic hydrolysis products, the method comprising: contacting said crude phosphite mixture with a basic additive to produce a second mixture comprising a first phase and a second phase, wherein said first phase comprises the basic additive and one or more components independently selected from the group consisting of (R2O)(R3O)POH, (R1O)(HO)PO(H) and H3PO3, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of C1 to C18 alkyl, C6 to C18 aryl and hydroxyaryl, and C3 to C18 cycloalkyl and hydroxyalkyl radicals, and wherein R2 and R3 can optionally be connected to each other directly by a chemical bond or through an intermediate divalent group R9; and said second phase comprises one or more triorganophosphite components independently selected from the group consisting of (R4O)(R5O)P(OR6) and ((R7O)(R8O)PO)nA, wherein R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 are independently selected from the group consisting of C1 to C18 alkyl, C6 to C18 aryl and C3 to C18 cycloalkyl radicals, wherein each of R4, R5 and R6 can optionally be connected to one or both of the other two directly by a chemical bond or through an intermediate divalent group R10, wherein R7 and R8 can optionally be connected to each other directly by a chemical bond or through an intermediate divalent group R11, wherein A is an optionally substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic radical, and wherein n is an integer greater than 1; and R9, R10, and R11 are independently selected from the group consisting of - O-, -S-, and -CH(R12)-, wherein R12 is selected from the group consisting of H, C6 to C18 aryl, and C1 to C18 alkyl.
Abstract:
Provided by this invention is a modified synthetic polyamide polymer yarn produced by an improved melt extrusion process. Yarn of this invention are either partially oriented yarns (POY) or drawn oriented yarns. The improved process provides for modification of a polymer in a melt extruder. Following this modification of the polymer, a filament forming process step is provided which is coupled to a drawing stage prior to winding a package of yarn.
Abstract:
A spinneret steam blanketing system for blanketing the face of a spinneret with gas. The system includes a steam distribution ring (109) surrounding a filament array (122), where the steam distribution ring (109) abuts the spin head (112) and is removably mounted to said spin head (112). The steam distribution ring (109) is removed and the face (113) of the spinneret may be wiped clean, without the need for removing and replacing the spin pack (108).
Abstract:
Supported bis(phosphorus) ligands are disclosed for use in a variety of catalytic processes, including the isomerization, hydrogenation, hydroformylation, and hydrocyanation of unsaturated organic compounds. Catalysts are formed when the ligands are combined with a catalytically active metal, such as nickel.
Abstract:
A process for increasing the relative viscosity (RV) of a reactant polyamide and to products produced by the process. The process includes contacting the reactant polyamide and a chain extender compound, forming the product, and quenching the product when its RV is near its maximum calculated RV value.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a method for preparing nonwoven fabrics having an improved balance of properties in the machine and cross-directions. More specifically, the invention utilizes nonwoven webs that include relatively low levels of multiple-component fibers having latent three-dimensional spiral crimp combined with fibers that do not develop spiral crimp. The latent spiral crimp of the multiple-component fibers is activated, such as by heating, under free shrinkage conditions, after formation of the nonwoven web to achieve re-orientation of the non-spirally-crimpable fibers and an improved balance of properties such as tensile strength and modulus.
Abstract:
The invention provides spandex having improved hysteresis and a method for making such spandex. The spandex of the invention comprises the polyurethaneurea reaction product of: (a) poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol; (b) 1-isocyanato-4-[(4-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene wherein the mole ratio of diisocyanate to glycol is from about 1.52 to about 2.04; and (c) a mixture of chain extenders comprising: from about 35 to about 55 mole percent ethylene diamine; and from about 45 to about 65 mole percent 1,2-propanediamine.
Abstract:
A process for increasing the rate of polymerization of low molecular weight polyester particles under solid state processing conditions whereby the progress of polymerization is preferred over the progress of crystallization for a given mass of particles.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the field of production of lactams from aminonitriles, and in particular to the production of ϵ-caprolactam by the vapor phase hydrolytic cyclization of 6-aminocapronitrile. A crude liquid caprolactam comprising ϵ-caprolactam (CL), 6-aminocapronitrile (ACN) and water obtained from a vapor phase cyclization reaction of ACN is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to convert the ACN in the crude liquid caprolactam to a product comprising hexamethylenediamine (HMD) and hexamethyleneimine (HMI). Tetrahydroazepine (THA) in the crude liquid caprolactam is converted to HMI during this hydrogenation. The HMD and HMI have lower boiling points compared to ACN and thus they are more easily separated from CL in the subsequent distillation operations. Thus a process to make CL from ACN with fewer distillation stages, and with lower pressure drop and lower base temperature, is accomplished.