公开(公告)号：US07033569B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-25

申请号：US10373333

申请日：2003-02-24

Applicant: Michael J. Stickney ,  Edward M. Jones, Jr. ,  Sudhir Kumar, legal representative

Inventor： Mallasetty Sundacopa Chandrasekharaiah, deceased

IPC: C01B3/24

CPC classification number: B01J3/042 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/0053 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B2203/00 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/049 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/0805 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/1282 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1628 ,  C01B2203/1676 ,  C01B2203/169

Abstract: A process is provided for conversion of a feedstock, in particular a hydrocarbon feedstock such as methane or natural gas, in which a reactive mixture containing the feedstock is prepared and fed to a reaction zone. A reaction is initiated in the reactive mixture within the reaction zone so as to generate a conversion wave of increased temperature and pressure. The conversion wave is allowed to pass through the reaction zone, from where converted feedstock is recovered. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also provided. The process operates with a high conversion and selectivity to desirable products and is particularly suitable for the conversion of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于转化原料，特别是烃原料如甲烷或天然气的方法，其中制备含有原料的反应混合物并将其进料至反应区。 在反应区内的反应混合物中开始反应，以产生升高的温度和压力的转化波。 允许转化波通过反应区，从其中回收转化的原料。 还提供了一种用于执行该过程的装置。 该方法以对所需产物的高转化率和选择性操作，并且特别适用于将甲烷转化为一氧化碳和氢气。

公开(公告)号：US20040256441A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-23

申请号：US10495272

申请日：2004-05-10

Inventor： Bernard Serole ,  Michelle Serole

IPC: B23K031/02

CPC classification number: B01J3/08 ,  B22F3/087 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  B22F7/08 ,  B22F3/1216

Abstract: A composite structure comprises several layers of various materials which are to be united by welding and simultaneously consolidated. The method resides in that the densities and moduli of elasticity of the various layers are adapted by composition, shape, state and temperature in such a way that the velocity of sound is considerably modified upon penetration of the composite structure. A shock wave is applied to one or both sides. This shock wave breaks down into harmonic vibrations that can sum up, concentration of energy resulting on the respective interfaces, ensuring the union within and between the layers.

Abstract translation: 复合结构包括几层通过焊接并同时固结的各种材料。 该方法的特征在于，各种层的密度和弹性模量通过组合物，形状，状态和温度进行调节，使得在复合结构的穿透时，声速被显着改变。 冲击波应用于一侧或两侧。 这种冲击波分解成谐波振动，可以总结出各个界面产生的能量集中，确保层内和之间的联合。

公开(公告)号：US5916955A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US772247

申请日：1996-12-23

Applicant: Alexandr Leonidovich Vereschagin ,  Evgeny Anatolievich Petrov ,  Gennady Viktorovich Sakovich ,  Vitaly Fedorovich Komarov ,  Anatoly Valentinovich Klimov ,  Nikolai Vladimirovich Kozyrev

Inventor： Alexandr Leonidovich Vereschagin ,  Evgeny Anatolievich Petrov ,  Gennady Viktorovich Sakovich ,  Vitaly Fedorovich Komarov ,  Anatoly Valentinovich Klimov ,  Nikolai Vladimirovich Kozyrev

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  C01B31/00 ,  C01B31/06 ,  B01J3/06

CPC classification number: C01B31/00 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J2203/0625 ,  B01J2203/0655

Abstract: The present invention relates to a diamond-carbon material, containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and incombustible impurities of a composition specified in the disclosure, and the surface contains methyl, carboxyl, lactone, aldehyde, ether and quinone groups.The material of the present invention is produced by detonating an oxygen-deficient explosive in a closed volume in a medium inert towards carbon, at a cooling rate of the detonation products of 200 to 6000 degree/min.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种金刚石碳材料，其含有本发明中规定的组成物的碳，氢，氮，氧和不可燃杂质，并且该表面含有甲基，羧基，内酯，醛，醚和醌基团。 本发明的材料是以200〜6000度/分钟的引爆产物的冷却速度，在以碳为惰性的介质中封闭的体积中引发缺氧的炸药来制造的。

公开(公告)号：US5873240A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-23

申请号：US662858

申请日：1996-06-12

Applicant: Thomas R. A. Bussing ,  Thomas E. Bratkovich

Inventor： Thomas R. A. Bussing ,  Thomas E. Bratkovich

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  C23C4/12 ,  F02K7/06 ,  F02K7/075 ,  F02K9/97 ,  C06D5/00 ,  F02K5/02

CPC classification number: F02K9/972 ,  B01J3/08 ,  C23C4/126 ,  F02K7/06 ,  F02K7/075 ,  F02K9/974

Abstract: A pulse detonation rocket engine, having at least two detonation chambers. The rocket propelled vehicle includes at least one fuel delivery system in fluid communication with each of the at least two detonation chambers, and at least one oxidant delivery system in fluid communication with the detonation chambers, along with fast-acting valves to inject fuel and oxidant controlledly into the chambers. An ignitor in each of the detonation chambers intermittently initiates detonation of a fuel and oxidant mixture in the chamber, in a controlled cycle, to provide motive force. Also provided is a combined cycle engine, able to operate in air breathing mode, oxidant augmented mode, and as a rocket engine. The combined cycle engine includes at least one detonation chamber, and may include a plurality of such chambers. The invention further provides methods of intermittently detonating sequentially created fuel and oxygen mixtures in these engines, and methods of using these engines.

Abstract translation: 具有至少两个爆震室的脉冲爆震火箭发动机。 火箭推进车辆包括与至少两个爆炸室中的每一个流体连通的至少一个燃料输送系统，以及与爆震室流体连通的至少一个氧化剂输送系统，以及用于喷射燃料和氧化剂的快速作用阀 受控地进入房间。 每个引爆室中的点火器在受控循环中间歇地启动燃料和氧化剂混合物的爆炸，以提供动力。 还提供了能够在空气呼吸模式，氧化剂增强模式和作为火箭发动机中操作的联合循环发动机。 联合循环发动机包括至少一个爆震室，并且可以包括多个这样的室。 本发明还提供了在这些发动机中间歇地引爆依次产生的燃料和氧气混合物的方法，以及使用这些发动机的方法。

公开(公告)号：US5482695A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-09

申请号：US094095

申请日：1993-07-22

Applicant: Viktor A. Guschin ,  Alexandr A. Zakharov ,  Alexei I. Lyamkin ,  Anatoly M. Staver

Inventor： Viktor A. Guschin ,  Alexandr A. Zakharov ,  Alexei I. Lyamkin ,  Anatoly M. Staver

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  C01B31/06 ,  C09K3/14

CPC classification number: C01B31/06 ,  B01J3/08 ,  C09K3/1409 ,  B01J2203/0655

Abstract: The present invention relates to production of superhard materials.A carbon composition contains 18-38 wt. % of diamond having particle size of 40-120 .ANG. and graphite to make up 100 wt. % having particle size of 200-1000 .ANG..A process for producing the carbon composition consists in detonating a carbon-containing explosive having a negative oxygen balance, in a cooling medium containing 40-60 vol. % of carbon dioxide gas, not more than 2 vol. % of free oxygen, and a neutral gas to make up 100 vol. %.The present carbon composition will find predominant application as an abrasive for superfinish polishing.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / SU91 / 00135 Sec。 371日期：1993年7月22日 102（e）日期1993年7月22日PCT提交1991年7月3日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 01129 日本1993年1月21日本发明涉及超硬材料的制造。 碳组合物含有18-38wt。 颗粒尺寸为40-120的金刚石和石墨组成的100％ 粒度为200-1000安培的％。 制备碳组合物的方法包括在含有40-60体积％的冷却介质中引爆具有负氧平衡的含碳炸药。 二氧化碳气体的含量不超过2体积％ 游离氧的百分比和中性气体组成100体积。 ％。 本发明的碳组合物将作为超精细抛光的研磨剂发挥主要应用。

公开(公告)号：US5231259A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-27

申请号：US930813

申请日：1992-08-14

Applicant: Jerome H. Lemelson

Inventor： Jerome H. Lemelson

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  B21C23/08 ,  B21C25/08 ,  B21D26/06 ,  B22D31/00 ,  B22F3/20 ,  B24B31/00 ,  B29C47/36 ,  B29C47/54 ,  B30B11/26 ,  C23C16/48 ,  H01C1/16 ,  H01C7/20 ,  H01L21/70 ,  H01L49/00 ,  H01L49/02 ,  H03K17/80 ,  H05K1/16 ,  H05K3/02 ,  H05K3/46

CPC classification number: H05K3/467 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B21C23/085 ,  B21C25/08 ,  B21D26/06 ,  B22D31/00 ,  B22F3/20 ,  B24B31/00 ,  B29C47/36 ,  B29C47/54 ,  B30B11/26 ,  C23C16/487 ,  H01C1/16 ,  H01C7/20 ,  H01L21/702 ,  H03K17/80 ,  H05K1/167 ,  H05K3/02 ,  B01J2203/061 ,  B01J2203/0655 ,  B29C47/0016 ,  B29C47/0023 ,  H05K1/162 ,  H05K2203/0315 ,  H05K2203/1142 ,  H05K2203/175

Abstract: An apparatus and method for reacting on articles of manufacture with radiation such as generated by an electron gun, laser or other means directed against a substrate wherein controlled movement of the substrate and/or the radiation is effected under the control of a computer. Controlled operation of the radiation and its movement against the substrate or the movement of the substrate during processing is effected by operating an automatic computer or master controller. An automatic article manipulator is also controlled in its operation to move the substrate prior to and after operation thereon with such radiation. A single computer or master controller may be employed to control the operation of the manipulator for removing the substrate from the vicinity of the radiation and replacing it with a new article to be operated on during the next cycle of operation of the radiation generating means.

Abstract translation: 一种用于使制品与由电子枪，激光器或其它针对衬底相关的其它装置产生的放射线进行反应的装置和方法，其中在电脑的控制下进行基底和/或辐射的受控运动。 通过操作自动计算机或主控制器来实现辐射的控制操作及其在衬底处的运动或衬底在处理过程中的运动。 自动物品操纵器在其操作中也受到控制，以在其上用这种辐射在其上操作之后移动衬底。 可以使用单个计算机或主控制器来控制操纵器的操作，以从辐射附近去除衬底，并且在辐射生成装置的下一个操作周期期间用新的物品来操作。

公开(公告)号：US4762754B1

公开(公告)日：1991-10-15

申请号：US11154487

申请日：1987-10-23

Applicant: WILLIAM J NELLIS ,  BRIAN MAPLE M ,  THEODORE H GEBALLE

Inventor： WILLIAM J NELLIS ,  M BRIAN MAPLE ,  THEODORE H GEBALLE

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  B22F3/08 ,  B22F3/087 ,  H01L39/24 ,  B22F3/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/08 ,  B22F3/08 ,  B22F3/087 ,  H01L39/2419 ,  Y10S420/901 ,  Y10S505/807 ,  Y10S505/809 ,  Y10S505/815 ,  Y10T428/12056 ,  Y10T428/12146 ,  Y10T428/12611

公开(公告)号：US4790735A

公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

申请号：US918637

申请日：1986-10-14

Applicant: Frederick J. Mayer

Inventor： Frederick J. Mayer

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B22F3/08 ,  F42B3/113 ,  H05H1/22 ,  B29C67/00

CPC classification number: G21B1/19 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B22F3/08 ,  F42B3/113 ,  G21B1/23 ,  Y02E30/16 ,  Y10S376/914

Abstract: A system for obtaining spherically symmetrical implosion of sample materials by directing radiant ignition energy onto a target which includes a spherically symmetrical core of selected sample material concentrically surrounded by a shell of high explosive material. The resulting implosive compression produces hydrodynamically controlled physical and/or chemical and/or metallurgical transformations of state in the sample material.

Abstract translation: 通过将辐射的点火能量引导到靶上来获得样品材料的球形对称内爆的系统，该目标包括由高爆炸材料壳体同心围绕的选定样品材料的球形对称芯。 所产生的内爆压缩在样品材料中产生流体动力学控制的物理和/或化学和/或冶金状态转化。

公开(公告)号：US4762754A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-09

申请号：US111544

申请日：1987-10-23

Applicant: William J. Nellis ,  M. Brian Maple ,  Theodore H. Geballe

Inventor： William J. Nellis ,  M. Brian Maple ,  Theodore H. Geballe

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  B22F3/08 ,  B22F3/087 ,  H01L39/24 ,  B22F3/00

CPC classification number: B01J3/08 ,  B22F3/08 ,  B22F3/087 ,  H01L39/2419 ,  Y10S420/901 ,  Y10S505/807 ,  Y10S505/809 ,  Y10S505/815 ,  Y10T428/12056 ,  Y10T428/12146 ,  Y10T428/12611

Abstract: Shock wave formation of superconductive ceramic oxide electric and magnetic circuit elements with improved microstructures and mechanical properties.

Abstract translation: 具有改善的微结构和机械性能的超导陶瓷氧化物电和磁路元件的冲击波形成。

公开(公告)号：US4705762A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-10

申请号：US699909

申请日：1985-02-08

Applicant: Kazuhide Ota ,  Susumu Abe

Inventor： Kazuhide Ota ,  Susumu Abe

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  C01B13/32 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C01B21/068 ,  C01B21/072 ,  C01B21/076 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B33/18 ,  C01F5/04 ,  C01F7/42 ,  C01G23/047 ,  C01G25/02 ,  C01G49/02 ,  C04B35/02 ,  C01B13/14

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  B01J3/08 ,  C01B13/322 ,  C01B21/06 ,  C01B21/0761 ,  C01B31/30 ,  C01B33/181 ,  C01F5/04 ,  C01F7/422 ,  C01G23/047 ,  C01G25/02 ,  C01G49/02 ,  C01B21/0602 ,  C01B21/0612 ,  C01B21/0622 ,  C01B21/068 ,  C01B21/072 ,  C01B21/076 ,  C01P2002/02 ,  C01P2004/32 ,  C01P2004/62 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/10 ,  C01P2006/80

Abstract: A process for producing ultra-fine ceramic particles with the particle size of less than 1000 .ANG., which comprises the steps of forming powdered dust cloud of metal powder such as Si constituting a portion of aimed ceramic particles in a reaction gas containing the other portion of said aimed ceramic particles, igniting said powdered dust cloud to cause explosive burning and synthesizing said aimed ceramic particles and gathering said resulting ceramic particles. By the process, ceramic particles such as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, MgO, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, TiN having particle size of 10-100 nm can be produced.

Abstract translation: 一种生产粒径小于1000的超细陶瓷颗粒的方法，包括以下步骤：在构成一部分目标陶瓷颗粒的金属粉末如Si的粉末中形成粉尘，该反应气体含有另一部分 所述目标陶瓷颗粒，点燃所述粉尘，引起爆炸性燃烧并合成所述目标陶瓷颗粒并收集所得到的陶瓷颗粒。 通过该工序，可以制造出粒径为10〜100nm的陶瓷粒子，例如Al2O3，MgO，SiO2，TiO2，TiN。