Abstract:
A method for controlling the flow of filler alloy used in the brazing of metals such as stainless steel. The method consists of applying on the surface of the metal a layer of metal which acts as a barrier to the filler alloy, thereby confining the alloy to the desired area to be brazed and thus preventing its flow over undesired areas of the surface of the metal. The flow control metal may, for example, be applied to the surface by scribing, plating or vapor-deposition depending on the type of flow control metal utilized.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of steel tubes from steel strip by electron bombardment in vacuo. Vacuum is applied to one end of a tube, the other end being open. The welding operation taking place at the end adjacent the application of vacuum. A sleeve is provided inside the tube to ensure a sufficient degree of vacuum at the welding position.
Abstract:
THIS IS A METHOD OF ATTACHING A CARBIDE RING TO THE OUTSIDE OF A STEEL TUBE SUCH AS A VALVE STEM. IT OVERCOMES THE PROBLEM CAUSED BY THE DIFFERENCE IN THERMAL COEFFICIENT OF EXPANSION BETWEEN CARBIDE AND STEEL. IN THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE METHOD EMPLOYED, MOLTEN BRAZING COMPOUND AT A HIGH TEMPERATURE, E.G., 1,700*F., IS MELTED IN THE CLEARANCE SPACE BETWEEN THE CARBIDE RING AND THE STEEL TUBE. THE CARBIDE RING IS ALLOWED TO COOL TO ABOUT 1,000*F. WHILE THE STEEL TUBE IS KEPT HOT TO ABOUT 1,500* F. BY APPLYING HEAT TO THE INSIDE. A STEEL PLUG IS THEN PLACED INSIDE THE STEEL TUBE ADJACENT THE CARBIDE RING. THIS STEEL PLUG HAS BEEN SIZED TO HAVE A DIAMETER, AT ROOM TEMPERATURE, EQUAL TO THAT OF THE INSIDE OF THE STEEL TUBE IN ITS EXPANDED POSITION AT 1,000*F. AFTER THE PLUG IS INSERTED, HEAT IS NO LONGER APPLIED AND THE CARBIDE RING CONTINUES TO SHRINK AND TO DISPLACE THE EXCESS SEMI-MOLTEN BRAZING COMPOUND. THE STEEL TUBE ALSO STARTS CONTRACTING UNTIL IT CONTACTS THE PLUG. THE PLUG WHICH WAS PUT INTO THE TUBE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE, E.G., 80*F., HAS HEAT TRANSFERRED TO IT FROM THE STEEL TUBE AND THE PLUG ITSELF STARTS TO INCREASE IN SIZE. THE STEEL TUBE WHEN IT CONTACTS THE PLUG WILL BE AT LEAST AT 1,000*F. AND IS SOFT ENOUGH TO YIELD EASILY. AS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE STEEL PLUG INCREASES, IT CONTINUES TO EXPAND AND CAUSES ADDITIONAL YIELDING OF THE STEEL TUBE WHICH YIELDS SUFFICIENTLY SO THAT WHEN IT AND THE CARBIDE RING COOL, THEY DO NOT SEPARATE.