公开(公告)号：US20180200686A1

公开(公告)日：2018-07-19

申请号：US15740280

申请日：2016-06-28

Applicant: KABUSHIKI KAISHA KOBE SEIKO SHO (KOBE STEEL, LTD.) ,  NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： Ryutaro WADA ,  Masaya UEDA ,  Shu USUBA ,  Yozo KAKUDATE ,  Shuzo FUJIWARA

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  C01B32/205

CPC classification number: B01J3/08 ,  C01B32/205 ,  C01P2004/64

Abstract: Provided is graphite group that, when observed with a transmission electron microscope, has a laminated surface spacing of 0.2-1 nm, includes graphite pieces measuring 1.5-10 nm in a direction perpendicular to the laminating direction, the laminating direction of the graphite pieces being irregular.

公开(公告)号：US09914103B1

公开(公告)日：2018-03-13

申请号：US15264787

申请日：2016-09-14

Applicant: Shmuel Eidelman

Inventor： Shmuel Eidelman

IPC: B01J19/10 ,  B01J3/08 ,  G01N31/12 ,  G01N25/44 ,  C12N1/06

CPC classification number: B01J3/08 ,  B01J19/10 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0877 ,  B01J2219/19 ,  C12N1/066 ,  G01N25/44 ,  G01N31/12

Abstract: A method for processing liquids and suspensions using shockwaves that includes providing an apparatus including a shockwaves generation and processing sections and a reaction products dumping tank or reservoir; placing media to be processed into the shockwaves processing section through continuous or intermittent injection; introducing a pressurizing gas into the shockwaves generation section; introducing a detonable mixture into the shockwaves generation section; causing formation of at least one of a shockwave within the shockwaves generation section by igniting the detonable mixture so that at least one of a shockwave propagates from detonation section into shockwaves processing section; utilizing physical, chemical, biological or mechanical effects of the shockwaves in the shockwaves processing section; purging detonation products and pressurizing gas from the shockwaves generation section into reaction products dumping tank; and repeating to achieving a pre-determined degree of processing liquids, liquid suspension, colloids, gels, pastes located in the shockwaves processing section.

公开(公告)号：US09724703B2

公开(公告)日：2017-08-08

申请号：US14298877

申请日：2014-06-06

Applicant: LLT International (Ireland) Ltd.

Inventor： Peter Lansell ,  William Keating ,  David Lowe

IPC: B01J3/08 ,  B01J8/14 ,  B01J8/16 ,  B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B02C19/18 ,  B02C19/06 ,  B01J8/00

CPC classification number: B02C19/18 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J8/002 ,  B01J8/14 ,  B01J8/16 ,  B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00415 ,  B01J2208/00433 ,  B01J2208/00442 ,  B01J2208/00469 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2208/00902 ,  B01J2219/00761 ,  B02C19/06 ,  B02C19/186

Abstract: Solid materials may be processed using shockwaves produced in a supersonic gaseous vortex. A high-velocity stream of gas may be introduced into a reactor. The reactor may have a chamber, a solid material inlet, a gas inlet, and an outlet. The high-velocity stream of gas may be introduced into the chamber of the reactor through the gas inlet. The high-velocity stream of gas may effectuate a supersonic gaseous vortex within the chamber. The reactor may be configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed material using tensive forces of shockwaves created in the supersonic gaseous vortex within the chamber. Solid material may be fed into the chamber through the solid material inlet. The solid material may be processed within the chamber by nonabrasive mechanisms facilitated by the shockwaves within the chamber. The processed material that is communicated through the outlet of the reactor may be collected.

公开(公告)号：US09636650B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-02

申请号：US14129310

申请日：2012-06-26

Applicant: Boris Zousman

Inventor： Boris Zousman

IPC: B01J3/06 ,  B01J19/12 ,  C01B31/06 ,  B01J3/08

CPC classification number: B01J3/08 ,  B01J19/121 ,  B01J2219/089 ,  C01B32/25

Abstract: Method and system for controlled nanodiamond synthesis based on treating of a specially prepared solid carbon source target including carbon containing material in liquid media by irradiation energy beam focused at a predetermined distance from the target surface and having parameters to produce a light-hydraulic effect impacting the target surface and leading to the forming of diamond nanocrystals.

公开(公告)号：US09475027B1

公开(公告)日：2016-10-25

申请号：US14990461

申请日：2016-01-07

Applicant: Shmuel Eidelman ,  Gabriel Eidelman

Inventor： Shmuel Eidelman ,  Gabriel Eidelman

IPC: B01J19/10 ,  B01J3/08

CPC classification number: B01J19/10 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J2219/0869 ,  B01J2219/0877 ,  B01J2219/089 ,  B01J2219/19

Abstract: A method for processing liquids and suspensions using shockwaves that includes providing an apparatus including a shockwaves generation section and a shockwaves processing section; placing media to be processed into the shockwaves processing section through continuous or intermittent injection; introducing a pressurizing gas into the shockwaves generation section; introducing a detonable mixture into the shockwaves generation section; causing formation of at least one of a shockwave within the shockwaves generation section by igniting the detonable mixture so that at least one of a shockwave propagates from detonation section into shockwaves processing section; utilizing physical, chemical, biological or mechanical effects of the shockwaves in the shockwaves processing section; venting detonation products from the shockwaves generation section via a pressure relief valve; and repeating to achieving a pre-determined degree of processing liquids, liquid suspension, colloids, gels, pastes located in the shockwaves processing section.

Abstract translation: 一种使用冲击波处理液体和悬浮液的方法，包括提供包括冲击波产生部分和冲击波处理部分的装置; 通过连续或间歇注射将要加工的介质放入冲击波加工部分; 将加压气体引入到所述冲击波发生部中; 将引爆混合物引入冲击波生成部分; 通过点燃可爆炸混合物使冲击波中的至少一个从爆震部分传播到冲击波处理部分，从而在冲击波产生部分内形成冲击波中的至少一个; 利用冲击波在冲击波处理部分的物理，化学，生物或机械效应; 通过泄压阀将爆震产物从冲击波发生部分排出; 并重复实现预定程度的处理液体，液体悬浮液，胶体，凝胶，位于冲击波处理部分中的浆料。

公开(公告)号：US09295968B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-29

申请号：US13635497

申请日：2011-03-17

Applicant: Vassilli P. Proudkii ,  Joe Michael Yarborough ,  Kirk McNeil

Inventor： Vassilli P. Proudkii ,  Joe Michael Yarborough ,  Kirk McNeil

IPC: B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/08 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J19/10 ,  C10G1/04 ,  C10G31/06

CPC classification number: B01J19/088 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J19/10 ,  B01J19/12 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J2219/0875 ,  B01J2219/0877 ,  B01J2219/0879 ,  B01J2219/0884 ,  B01J2219/0886 ,  B01J2219/089 ,  B01J2219/1269 ,  C10G1/04 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/302

Abstract: A method for promoting chemical changes in a medium comprising the steps of placing a medium within an electromagnetically resonant structure that permits initiating a spark or a discharge in the medium by means of applying pulsed microwave energy in an electromagnetically resonant structure, the electromagnetically resonant structure being simultaneously mechanically resonant for acoustic or shock waves generated by the spark or discharge caused by the pulsed resonant microwave electromagnetic field; and providing a means to feed material into a reaction chamber within the electromagnetically resonant structure and collecting products of a reaction inside the reaction chamber.

Abstract translation: 一种用于促进介质中的化学变化的方法，包括以下步骤：通过在电磁共振结构中施加脉冲微波能量将介质放置在电磁共振结构内，允许通过在电磁共振结构中施加脉冲微波能而在介质中引发火花或放电，所述电磁共振结构 同时机械谐振由脉冲谐振微波电磁场引起的火花或放电产生的声波或冲击波; 并且提供将材料进料到电磁谐振结构内的反应室中并收集反应室内的反应产物的装置。

公开(公告)号：US09254472B2

公开(公告)日：2016-02-09

申请号：US14052444

申请日：2013-10-11

Applicant: Physical Shockwave Industrial Applications, LLC

Inventor： Robert E. Tang

IPC: B01J19/10 ,  C07D301/22 ,  C08F114/06 ,  C07C29/159 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C07C1/12 ,  C07C29/152 ,  C07D301/04 ,  C07C29/32 ,  C07C29/34 ,  C07C17/26 ,  C07D301/10 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J4/00 ,  B01F5/02 ,  B01F13/10

CPC classification number: B01J19/10 ,  B01F5/0256 ,  B01F13/1016 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J4/002 ,  C07C1/0495 ,  C07C1/12 ,  C07C17/26 ,  C07C29/152 ,  C07C29/159 ,  C07C29/32 ,  C07C29/34 ,  C07D301/04 ,  C07D301/10 ,  C07D301/22 ,  C08F114/06 ,  Y02P30/42 ,  C07C31/04 ,  C07C31/08 ,  C07C19/045 ,  C07C11/04 ,  C07C9/06

Abstract: A novel process and apparatus is disclosed for performing chemical reactions. Highly compressed gaseous streams such as H2, CO, CO2, H2O, O2, or CH4 are raised to Mach speeds to form supersonic jets incorporating shockwaves. Two or more such jets are physically collided together to form a localized reaction zone where the energy from the shockwaves causes endothermic reactions wherein the chemical bonds of the reactant gases are broken. Between and among reactants molecular surface interaction and molecular surface chemistry take place. In the ensuing exothermic reactions a desired new chemical product is formed and this product is locked into a lower state of enthalpy (state of energy of formation) through adiabatic cooling by means of a free jet expansion.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于进行化学反应的新颖方法和装置。 将高度压缩的气态物流如H 2，CO，CO 2，H 2 O，O 2或CH 4升高到马赫速度以形成包含冲击波的超音速喷射。 两个或更多个这样的射流物理地碰撞在一起以形成局部反应区，其中来自冲击波的能量引起吸热反应，其中反应气体的化学键被破坏。 在反应物之间，发生分子表面相互作用和分子表面化学。 在随后的放热反应中，形成了期望的新化学产物，并且通过自由喷射膨胀将绝热冷却，将该产物锁定在较低的焓状态（形成能量状态）。

公开(公告)号：US20150196887A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-16

申请号：US14669463

申请日：2015-03-26

Applicant: Honeywell International Inc.

Inventor： Stephen A. Cottrell

IPC: B01J19/02 ,  C07C21/185 ,  B01J19/18

CPC classification number: B01J19/02 ,  B01F7/00033 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J19/0066 ,  B01J19/0073 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/0004 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/0218 ,  B01J2219/0263 ,  B01J2219/0277 ,  C07C17/093 ,  C07C17/25 ,  C07C17/38 ,  C07C17/383 ,  C07C21/185 ,  Y02P20/149 ,  C07C21/18

Abstract: Disclosed are a reactor and agitator useful in a high pressure process for making 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233zd) from the reaction of 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (240fa) and HF, wherein the agitator includes one or more of the following design improvements: (a) double mechanical seals with an inert barrier fluid or a single seal; (b) ceramics on the rotating faces of the seal; (c) ceramics on the static faces of seal; (d) wetted o-rings constructed of spring-energized Teflon and PTFE wedge or dynamic o-ring designs; and (e) wetted metal surfaces of the agitator constructed of a corrosion resistant alloy.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于从1,1,1,3,3-五氯丙烷（240fa）和HF的反应制备1-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯（1233zd）的高压法中的反应器和搅拌器，其中 搅拌器包括以下设计改进中的一个或多个：（a）具有惰性阻隔流体或单个密封件的双重机械密封; （b）密封件旋转面上的陶瓷; （c）在密封的静态面上的陶瓷; （d）由弹簧通电的Teflon和PTFE楔形或动态O形圈设计构成的润湿O型圈; 和（e）由耐腐蚀合金构成的搅拌器的润湿金属表面。

公开(公告)号：US08691079B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-08

申请号：US12689154

申请日：2010-01-18

Applicant: Larry L. Iaccino

Inventor： Larry L. Iaccino

IPC: C10G69/06

CPC classification number: B01J3/08 ,  C10G9/00 ,  C10G47/00 ,  C10G69/06

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for hydroprocessing of a liquid hydrocarbon feedstock, comprising: (a) mixing liquid, partially vaporized and/or vaporized hydrocarbon feedstock with molecular hydrogen; (b) feeding said mixture into a compression reactor; (c) compressing said mixture to a pressure, a temperature and for a residence time sufficient to: i) thermally crack at least a portion of hydrocarbon molecules in said hydrocarbon feedstock, and ii) react hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst with unstable portions of the cracked molecules, forming a hydroprocessed product; and (d) expanding said mixture to reduce the pressure and temperature thereby reducing subsequent undesirable reactions.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于液体烃原料的加氢处理的方法，包括：（a）将液体，部分蒸发和/或蒸发的烃原料与分子氢混合; （b）将所述混合物进料到压缩反应器中; （c）将所述混合物压缩至足够的压力，温度和停留时间，足以：i）热裂解所述烃原料中的至少一部分烃分子，和ii）在氢化催化剂存在下使不稳定的氢气反应 部分裂解分子，形成加氢处理产物; 和（d）膨胀所述混合物以降低压力和温度，从而减少随后的不期望的反应。

公开(公告)号：US20140058128A1

公开(公告)日：2014-02-27

申请号：US13915130

申请日：2013-06-11

Applicant: UOP LLC

Inventor： Jeffery C. Bricker ,  John Q. Chen ,  Peter K. Coughlin

IPC: B01J19/10 ,  C07C309/28 ,  C07C5/08

CPC classification number: B01J19/10 ,  B01J3/08 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  B01J2219/0004 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  C07C2/06 ,  C07C2/38 ,  C07C2/64 ,  C07C2/78 ,  C07C5/08 ,  C07C5/09 ,  C07C67/04 ,  C07C67/055 ,  C07C303/04 ,  C07C309/28 ,  C10G50/00 ,  C10G2300/1025 ,  C10G2400/24 ,  C07C11/24 ,  C07C11/04 ,  C07C11/08 ,  C07C11/22 ,  C07C9/00 ,  C07C15/107 ,  C07C309/31

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for converting methane in a feed stream to acetylene. The hydrocarbon stream is introduced into a supersonic reactor and pyrolyzed to convert at least a portion of the methane to acetylene. The reactor effluent stream is further processed to generate larger hydrocarbons in a second reactor. The reactor effluent stream can be processed before the second reactor to remove waste products such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen in the reactor effluent stream.

Abstract translation: 提供了将进料流中的甲烷转化为乙炔的方法和系统。 将烃流引入超音速反应器中并热解以将至少一部分甲烷转化为乙炔。 在第二反应器中进一步处理反应器流出物流以产生较大的烃。 可以在第二反应器之前处理反应器流出物流以除去反应器流出物流中的废物，例如一氧化碳和氮。