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公开(公告)号：US11804197B1
公开(公告)日：2023-10-31
申请号：US17459731
申请日：2021-08-27
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Aaron L. Holsteen , Xiaokai Li , Yuan Chen , Zhibing Ge
CPC classification number: G09G3/3696 , G02F1/1352 , G02F1/1358 , G09G2230/00 , G09G2320/041
Abstract: A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. The display may include a temperature sensor that gathers temperature sensor data. Control circuitry may select a non-square wave drive voltage waveform based on the gathered temperature sensor data and/or based on frame history information for the fLCOS display panel. The control circuitry may control the fLCOS panel to produce image light by driving the fLCOS panel using the selected non-square wave drive voltage waveform. The non-square wave drive voltage waveform may be an overdrive waveform or an underdrive waveform. This may serve to optimize the reflectance of the fLCOS display panel and thus the optical performance of the display module regardless of operating temperature and frame history.
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公开(公告)号：US20230305349A1
公开(公告)日：2023-09-28
申请号：US18169263
申请日：2023-02-15
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Yuan Chen , Xiaokai Li , Zhibing Ge
IPC: G02F1/141 , G09G3/36 , G09G3/00 , G02F1/1343 , G02F1/1337 , F21V8/00 , G02B27/01
CPC classification number: G02F1/141 , G09G3/3629 , G09G3/007 , G02F1/13439 , G02F1/133723 , G02B6/0055 , G02B6/0068 , G02B27/0172 , G09G2300/0491 , G09G2340/0457 , G09G2330/021 , G09G2300/0408
Abstract: A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. The illumination optics may produce illumination that is modulated by the fLCOS panel to produce image light. The waveguide may direct the image light towards an eye box. The fLCOS panel may include a ferroelectric liquid crystal (fLC) layer and a backplane. In order to maximize the reflectance of the fLCOS panel and thus the optical performance of the display, the backplane may be a silver backplane or a dielectric mirror backplane. In addition, the backplane may have a cell gap that is equal to a wavelength divided by four times the birefringence of the fLC layer. In order to further optimize the optical performance of the display module, the wavelength used in determining the cell gap may be a green wavelength between 500 nm and 565 nm.
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公开(公告)号：US20230084423A1
公开(公告)日：2023-03-16
申请号：US17853649
申请日：2022-06-29
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Myungjoon Choi , Jie Won Ryu , Hyunwoo Nho , Xiaokai Li , Kaikai Guo , Szu-Hsien Lee , Rungrot Kitsomboonloha , Pei-En Chang , Amit Nayyar , Vehbi Calayir
Abstract: Embodiments presented herein relate to reducing visual artifacts on an electronic display caused by an intra-frame pause. To do so, the intra-frame pause may be divided into smaller intra-frame pause segments. The intra-frame pause segments may be applied to the display during different image frames and/or at different locations on the electronic display. For example, each intra-frame pause segment may be applied to a different location on the electronic display. In some embodiments, multiple intra-frame pause segments may be applied during a single image frame. In some embodiments, the intra-frame pause segments may be applied to various image frames and at various location on the electronic display according to a pattern. To reduce band flickering that may be caused by the different locations of the intra-frame pause segments, an emission duty of one or more rows of pixels of the display may be adjusted.
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公开(公告)号：US11605330B1
公开(公告)日：2023-03-14
申请号：US17853649
申请日：2022-06-29
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Myungjoon Choi , Jie Won Ryu , Hyunwoo Nho , Xiaokai Li , Kaikai Guo , Szu-Hsien Lee , Rungrot Kitsomboonloha , Pei-En Chang , Amit Nayyar , Vehbi Calayir
Abstract: Embodiments presented herein relate to reducing visual artifacts on an electronic display caused by an intra-frame pause. To do so, the intra-frame pause may be divided into smaller intra-frame pause segments. The intra-frame pause segments may be applied to the display during different image frames and/or at different locations on the electronic display. For example, each intra-frame pause segment may be applied to a different location on the electronic display. In some embodiments, multiple intra-frame pause segments may be applied during a single image frame. In some embodiments, the intra-frame pause segments may be applied to various image frames and at various location on the electronic display according to a pattern. To reduce band flickering that may be caused by the different locations of the intra-frame pause segments, an emission duty of one or more rows of pixels of the display may be adjusted.
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公开(公告)号：US11521563B2
公开(公告)日：2022-12-06
申请号：US17223903
申请日：2021-04-06
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Zhibing Ge , Chengrui Le , Yuechen Wu , Xiaokai Li , Lingyu Hong , Chaohao Wang , Shih-Chyuan Fan Jiang
Abstract: Certain embodiments are directed to techniques (e.g., a method, an apparatus, and non-transitory computer readable medium storing code or instructions executable by one or more processors) for mitigating the flicker on the displays at low driving frequencies due to drops of the voltage holding ratio of the materials for the display. The techniques to compensate for flicker in a liquid crystal display can include generating a dynamic waveform for the backlight of the display. The dynamic waveform can be synchronized with the driving rate of the liquid crystal display such that the luminosity of the backlight increases during periods when the voltage-holding ratio drops in the materials of the display. In this way, a liquid crystal material can be utilized in a display to generate reduced power consumption with liquid crystal rate minimizing the flicker in response to the drops of the voltage-holding ratio.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US10991330B1
公开(公告)日：2021-04-27
申请号：US16428663
申请日：2019-05-31
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Jun Li , Hopil Bae , Chaohao Wang , Yue Chu , Anshi Liang , Ming Xu , Xiaokai Li , Yang Xu
IPC: G09G3/36 , G09G3/3266 , G09G1/00
Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to electronic device display circuitry and methods of operating the display. The display circuitry includes gate-in-panel (GIP) drivers for each pixel row of a pixel array, and mode selection circuitry coupled between two of the GIP drivers. The mode selection circuitry receives a select signal to switch the display between a full-screen mode of operation and a split-screen mode of operation. The mode selection circuitry allows the pixel rows to be operated in a butterfly driving mode that facilitates reduction of optical artifacts when displaying augmented-reality or virtual-reality content with a multi-function display such as a display of a smartphone or a tablet.
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公开(公告)号：US20200098324A1
公开(公告)日：2020-03-26
申请号：US16509406
申请日：2019-07-11
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Jun Li , Chaohao Wang , Hopil Bae , Mitchell H. Kline , Xiaokai Li
Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to displays for electronic devices and methods of operating the displays. The display may include an array of display pixels arranged in rows and columns. A v-drive operation in which rows are alternatingly operated about a center of each of two halves of the display is provided. Data rendering operations are provided that generate a virtual frame rate boost.
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公开(公告)号：US11829039B1
公开(公告)日：2023-11-28
申请号：US17412107
申请日：2021-08-25
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Ziqian He , Xiaokai Li , Yuan Chen , Zhibing Ge , Aaron L. Holsteen
IPC: G02B27/28 , G02B27/01 , G02F1/135 , G02B6/10 , G02F1/13357 , G02F1/1335 , G02F1/133 , G09G3/34 , G09G3/36
CPC classification number: G02F1/135 , G02B6/10 , G02B27/0172 , G02F1/13312 , G02F1/133615 , G02F1/133622 , G09G3/3413 , G09G3/36 , G02B2027/0112 , G02F2202/10 , G09G2320/0242 , G09G2330/021 , G09G2360/144
Abstract: A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. The illumination optics may include a red, green, and blue light sources. The fLCOS panel may produce image light by modulating a series of image frames onto illumination light. Control circuitry may control the illumination optics to produce the illumination light for each image frame in the series of image frames according to a green-heavy illumination sequence that includes first, second, and third time periods. The green light source may be active during each of the first, second, and third time periods. This may allow the green light source to be driven with a lower current density than the other light sources without significantly reducing image quality at an eye box. The lower current density may match the peak efficiency of the green light source, thereby minimizing power consumption by the display.
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公开(公告)号：US11796872B1
公开(公告)日：2023-10-24
申请号：US17459718
申请日：2021-08-27
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Ziqian He , Xiaokai Li , Zhibing Ge , Kaikai Guo , Yuan Chen
CPC classification number: G02F1/135 , G02B6/10 , G02B27/0101 , G02F1/0136 , G02F1/1396 , G02F1/133638 , G02F2203/01 , G02F2413/01 , G02F2413/05 , G02F2413/12
Abstract: A display may include illumination optics, a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon (fLCOS) panel, and a waveguide. A twisted nematic cell may be optically interposed between the fLCOS panel and the waveguide. A birefringent crystal may be optically interposed between the cell and the waveguide. The cell may have a first state in which the cell transmits the image light with a first polarization and a second state in which the cell transmits the image light with a second polarization. The crystal may transmit the image light within spatially offset beams based on polarization. In another arrangement, a quarter waveplate may be optically interposed between the cell and the waveguide and a geometric phase grating may be optically interposed between the quarter waveplate and the waveguide. Control circuitry may toggle the cell between the first and second states to maximize the effective resolution of images at an eye box.
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公开(公告)号：US11778858B1
公开(公告)日：2023-10-03
申请号：US17517463
申请日：2021-11-02
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Yuan Chen , Tae Woon Cha , Jie Li , Junhwan Lim , Xiaokai Li , Zhibing Ge , Guanjun Tan , Giovanni Carbone , Jose A. Dominguez-Caballero , Thanh Son Nguyen
IPC: H10K50/858 , G02F1/1335 , H10K59/38 , H10K59/35
CPC classification number: H10K50/858 , G02F1/133514 , G02F1/133526 , H10K59/353 , H10K59/38
Abstract: An electronic device may have a display with an array of display pixels. To increase the efficiency of the display, the display may also include an array of microlenses. Each microlens may overlap and focus light from a respective pixel. Pixels for one of the colors of light may have a high aspect ratio. These pixels may be covered by two microlenses or a single cylindrical microlens. The microlens dimensions may be tuned to mitigate non-uniformities in the brightness profiles of the pixels. The microlens edges may be laterally shifted towards or away from the center of the light-emitting areas to either reduce or increase the focusing power of the microlens. The microlenses and color filter elements in each pixel may also be shifted to account for the chief ray angle of the display.
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