公开(公告)号：US07487243B1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-03

申请号：US10652672

申请日：2003-08-29

Applicant: Margaret Zielinski ,  Paul Raison ,  Paul Howard

Inventor： Margaret Zielinski ,  Paul Raison ,  Paul Howard

IPC: G06F15/16 ,  G06F15/177 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04J3/16

CPC classification number: H04L47/10 ,  H04L12/2856 ,  H04L12/2872 ,  H04L12/4633 ,  H04L47/125 ,  H04L63/0272 ,  H04L67/1002 ,  H04L67/1008 ,  H04L2212/00

Abstract: Techniques are described for load balancing subscriber sessions across tunnel termination devices. A network device is described, for example, that includes a tunneling module that load balances subscriber sessions across a plurality of tunnel termination devices based on weightings associated with the tunnel termination devices. The weightings may be assigned to the tunnel termination devices by a user, or may be calculated by the network device based on resource constraints associated with the tunnel termination devices. The network device may calculate the weightings, for example, based on a maximum number of subscriber sessions supported by each of the tunnel termination devices. As one example, the techniques may be applied to load balance Point-to-Point (PPP) subscriber sessions across L2TP Network Servers (LNSs).

Abstract translation: 描述了跨隧道终端设备负载平衡用户会话的技术。 描述了例如包括隧道模块的网络设备，所述隧道模块基于与隧道终端设备相关联的加权来跨多个隧道终端设备负载平衡用户会话。 加权可以由用户分配给隧道终端设备，或者可以由网络设备基于与隧道终端设备相关联的资源约束来计算。 网络设备可以例如基于由每个隧道终端设备支持的最大用户会话数来计算加权。 作为一个示例，这些技术可以应用于跨L2TP网络服务器（LNS）的负载平衡点对点（PPP）用户会话。

公开(公告)号：US20080026957A1

公开(公告)日：2008-01-31

申请号：US11835891

申请日：2007-08-08

Applicant: M. Gurmen ,  Paul Howard ,  Carlos Abad ,  Alex Ahrenst ,  Temara Peet ,  Alejandro Pena ,  Alexander Shapovalov

Inventor： M. Gurmen ,  Paul Howard ,  Carlos Abad ,  Alex Ahrenst ,  Temara Peet ,  Alejandro Pena ,  Alexander Shapovalov

IPC: C09K8/00

CPC classification number: C09K8/80 ,  C09K8/665 ,  C09K8/68 ,  C09K8/685 ,  C09K8/703 ,  C09K8/90 ,  C09K2208/30

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treating wells and producing fluids from subterranean formations with treatment fluids comprising heteropolysaccharides. In particular, the invention relates to treatment and production methods with fluids containing a heteropolysaccharide, aqueous medium, and an electrolyte, wherein the fluids may further include a gas component, a surfactant and/or an organoamino compound. The fluids render significant drag reduction, good Theological properties and unusually rapid hydration rates.

Abstract translation: 公开的是使用包含杂多糖的处理流体处理井并从地下地层产生流体的方法。 特别地，本发明涉及含有杂多糖，水性介质和电解质的流体的处理和生产方法，其中流体还可包括气体组分，表面活性剂和/或有机氨基化合物。 流体显着减阻，良好的神学特性和异常快速的水化速率。

公开(公告)号：US07301930B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-27

申请号：US10241966

申请日：2002-09-12

Applicant: Alan Edward Jones ,  Paul Howard

Inventor： Alan Edward Jones ,  Paul Howard

IPC: H04B7/216

CPC classification number: H04J13/10 ,  H04B1/7077 ,  H04B2201/70702 ,  H04B2201/70707

Abstract: An encoder and method for efficient synchronization channel encoding in UTRA TDD mode by: producing a codeword a, where a=dG+z modulo-2, where d represents a predetermined code group to be encoded, G represents a predetermined generator matrix, and z represents a function of the code group number and a row of the generator matrix; producing values sk=2a2k+1+ak;k=0, 1, 2, 3, and associated values b0,b1,b2; and producing a value Sssc associated with the code group, where Sssc=(b0cπ(0),b1cπ(1),b2cπ(2)), cπ represents a code within the code group, and b0,b1,b2ε(±1,±j). This provides an efficient encoding architecture for the synchronization channel in UTRA TDD mode; and, in addition, by simple manipulation of the generation matrix, a higher chip rate signal may be signalled while still preserving the signalling information for the lower chip rate.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在UTRA TDD模式中有效同步信道编码的编码器和方法，其通过以下步骤：产生码字a，其中a = dG + z modulo-2，其中d表示要编码的预定码组，G表示预定的生成矩阵，z表示z 表示代码组编号和生成矩阵行的函数; k = 0,1,2,3，以及相关联的值b pi 表示代码组内的代码，并且b＆lt; 0＆gt;，b＆lt; 1＆gt;，2＆lt; 2＆epsiv; ±j）。 这为UTRA TDD模式中的同步信道提供了有效的编码架构; 另外，通过对生成矩阵的简单操作，可以发信号通知较高的码片速率信号，同时仍然保留较低码片速率的信令信息。

公开(公告)号：US07266093B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-04

申请号：US10242481

申请日：2002-09-12

Applicant: Alan Edward Jones ,  Paul Howard ,  Robert Armstrong

Inventor： Alan Edward Jones ,  Paul Howard ,  Robert Armstrong

IPC: H04J3/00

CPC classification number: H04L27/0014 ,  H04L2027/0028 ,  H04L2027/0065

Abstract: A method and arrangement for automatic frequency correction in UTRA TDD mode, having a first stage (500) for frequency lock in idle mode, and a second stage (600) for receiving a channel estimate from beacon function (mx1), receiving a channel estimate from at least one other physical channel (mx2), and receiving output from a primary synchronisation code correlator (mx0, pc1, pc2), and for producing therefrom signals (X,Y,N) for use in frequency correction. By utilising first and second partial correlation values (pc1, pc2) which are balanced, DC offset effects may be substantially removed. This provides the following advantage of significantly improving performance at low levels of SNR, and removal of DC offset effects provides immunity to DC offsets arising from imperfections in hardware.

Abstract translation: 一种用于UTRA TDD模式中的自动频率校正的方法和装置，其具有用于在空闲模式下锁频的第一级（500）和用于从信标功能（mx <1）接收信道估计的第二级（600） SUB>），从至少一个其他物理信道（mx2> 2）接收信道估计，以及从主同步码相关器（mx <0>，< > 1 ，pc <2>），并用于生成用于频率校正的信号（X，Y，N）。 通过利用平衡的第一和第二部分相关值（pc1 / 2，pc2s2），可以基本上去除DC偏移效应。 这提供了在低水平的SNR下显着改善性能的以下优点，并且去除DC偏移效应提供了对由硬件中的缺陷引起的DC偏移的抵抗。

公开(公告)号：US20070140386A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-21

申请号：US10556560

申请日：2004-05-14

Applicant: Paul Howard

Inventor： Paul Howard

IPC: H04L27/06

CPC classification number: H04L27/2272 ,  H03J7/02 ,  H04L2027/0081

Abstract: An arrangement (900), method and unit for AFC in a communication system (100) having: a frequency estimator (980) producing a decision-directed frequency estimate from a received signal; and an AFC loop receiving the decision-directed frequency estimate and performing therewith frequency control. The AFC process may use a CRC-decision directed frequency estimate as the final stage in a multi-stage AFC process (preceded by SCH- and midamble-derived frequency estimate stages), such that a verified received data sequence is used to re-construct a local copy of the ideal received data symbols expected at the output of a detector. This local copy is then correlated with the actual detector output and the results used to estimate the frequency error present on the received signal. The AFC process is inherent suited for discontinuous receive (DRX) applications. This provides the advantage of allowing required frequency correction accuracy to have minimal impact on the error rate of the received data in various channel configurations.

Abstract translation: 一种用于通信系统（100）中的AFC的装置（900），方法和单元，具有：频率估计器（980），从接收到的信号产生决策频率估计; 以及接收决策导频的频率估计并执行频率控制的AFC回路。 AFC过程可以使用基于CRC判决的频率估计作为多阶段AFC过程的最后阶段（先前由SCH和中间码导出的频率估计阶段），使得验证的接收数据序列被用于重构 在检测器的输出处期望的理想接收数据符号的本地副本。 然后将该本地拷贝与实际的检测器输出和用于估计接收信号上存在的频率误差的结果相关联。 AFC过程固有地适用于不连续接收（DRX）应用。 这提供了允许所需频率校正精度在各种信道配置中对接收到的数据的错误率具有最小影响的优点。

公开(公告)号：US20050237051A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-27

申请号：US11073378

申请日：2005-03-07

Applicant: Paul Duncan ,  John Schroeder ,  Kee Koo ,  Robert Becker ,  Benjamin Feldman ,  Scott Tilton ,  Paul Howard

Inventor： Paul Duncan ,  John Schroeder ,  Kee Koo ,  Robert Becker ,  Benjamin Feldman ,  Scott Tilton ,  Paul Howard

IPC: G01R1/00 ,  G01R15/24 ,  G01R33/00

CPC classification number: G01R15/247 ,  G01R15/245

Abstract: An optical sensor and sensor housing for measuring the magnitude and phase of an electrical current flowing through a conductor. Also disclosed is a flux concentrator method for rejecting external influences of adjacent conductors, as well as a method for attaching said sensor and flux concentrator to non-circular conductors.

Abstract translation: 用于测量流过导体的电流的大小和相位的光学传感器和传感器外壳。 还公开了一种用于抑制相邻导体的外部影响的集流器方法，以及用于将所述传感器和集流器附接到非圆形导体的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06330459B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-11

申请号：US09254671

申请日：1999-03-12

Applicant: Paul Crichton ,  Paul Howard ,  Nicholas Anderson ,  William Robinson

Inventor： Paul Crichton ,  Paul Howard ,  Nicholas Anderson ,  William Robinson

IPC: H04Q720

CPC classification number: H04W72/046 ,  H04W16/24 ,  H04W16/28 ,  H04W24/00 ,  H04W28/06 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04W72/042 ,  H04W74/00

Abstract: To reduce interference in a communication system (10), a communication unit (42-50) is arranged to initiate establishment of a radio frequency communication with a base station (26-38) by transmitting a system access request on a dedicated, wide area control channel. Upon receipt of the system access request, a base station (32) of the communication system of FIG. 1 responds by forming a narrowbeam control channel to the communication unit and transmitting system control information to the communication unit on the narrowbeam control channel, the system control information transmitted from the array of antenna elements and arranged to identify a narrowbeam communication resource for use in the radio communication. The communication unit (42-50), upon receiving the system control information, then configures itself to utilise the narrowbeam communication resource for the radio communication.

Abstract translation: 为了减少通信系统（10）中的干扰，通信单元（42-50）被布置成通过在专用的广域上发送系统访问请求来发起与基站（26-38）的无线电频率通信的建立 控制通道。 在接收到系统访问请求时，图1的通信系统的基站（32） 1通过向通信单元形成窄波束控制信道并且将系统控制信息发送到窄波束控制信道上的通信单元，从天线元件阵列发送的系统控制信息并且被布置成识别用于 无线电通信。 通信单元（42-50）在接收到系统控制信息后，配置自身以利用窄波束通信资源进行无线电通信。

公开(公告)号：US08811356B2

公开(公告)日：2014-08-19

申请号：US13176298

申请日：2011-07-05

Applicant: Paul Howard

Inventor： Paul Howard

IPC: H04W74/04 ,  H04B1/56 ,  H04W28/04 ,  H04W72/04

CPC classification number: H04B7/2643 ,  H04J3/1694 ,  H04L5/0053 ,  H04W52/146 ,  H04W52/54 ,  H04W72/0406 ,  H04W72/042 ,  H04W72/0446

Abstract: Receiving resource allocation information associated with an uplink physical control channel is disclosed. The uplink physical control channel and a physical uplink shared channel may have different resources. Data may be sent over the physical uplink shared channel in assigned time intervals. A signal may be sent over the uplink physical control channel based on the received resource allocation information in a time interval that the UE is not sending data over the physical uplink shared channel.

Abstract translation: 公开了接收与上行物理控制信道相关联的资源分配信息。 上行链路物理控制信道和物理上行链路共享信道可以具有不同的资源。 数据可以在分配的时间间隔内通过物理上行链路共享信道发送。 可以在UE不通过物理上行链路共享信道发送数据的时间间隔中，基于接收到的资源分配信息，在上行链路物理控制信道上发送信号。

公开(公告)号：US08503288B1

公开(公告)日：2013-08-06

申请号：US12897536

申请日：2010-10-04

Applicant: Paul Howard

Inventor： Paul Howard

IPC: H04L1/00

CPC classification number: G06F11/2028 ,  G06F11/1658 ,  G06F11/2038 ,  G06F11/2048 ,  G06F11/2097 ,  H04L49/557

Abstract: A network device includes a primary control unit that establishes a network tunnel with another network device. The network device applies a silent failover technique to failover from the primary control unit to a backup control unit while maintaining the network tunnel. The network tunnel may be, for example, a Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) tunnel, and the network device may be an L2TP Access Concentrator (LAC) or an L2TP Network Server (LNS). The techniques may prevent abnormal termination of the network tunnel during the failover. Once the failover from the primary control unit to the backup control unit is complete, the backup control unit synchronizes sequence numbers associated with the network tunnel with sequence numbers of the non-failed network device, and resolves inconsistencies between subscriber session databases of the backup control unit and the non-failed network device.

Abstract translation: 网络设备包括与另一网络设备建立网络隧道的主控制单元。 网络设备将静默故障切换技术应用于从主控制单元到备份控制单元的故障切换，同时维护网络隧道。 网络隧道可以是例如二层隧道协议（L2TP）隧道，网络设备可以是L2TP接入集中器（LAC）或L2TP网络服务器（LNS）。 这些技术可以防止故障切换期间网络隧道的异常终止。 一旦从主控制单元到备用控制单元的故障切换完成，备份控制单元将与网络隧道相关联的序列号与非故障网络设备的序列号同步，并解决备份控制的用户会话数据库之间的不一致 单元和非故障网络设备。

公开(公告)号：US08396079B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-12

申请号：US12960774

申请日：2010-12-06

Applicant: Paul Howard

Inventor： Paul Howard

IPC: H04J3/16

CPC classification number: H04W56/001 ,  H04B1/707 ,  H04B2201/70705 ,  H04W92/10

Abstract: A communication unit and wireless network operating at various bandwidths is disclosed. A signal having a first signal portion at a first bandwidth containing an indication of an operating bandwidth selected from a plurality of bandwidths used for a further signal portion is provided.

Abstract translation: 公开了以各种带宽工作的通信单元和无线网络。 提供了具有第一带宽的第一信号部分的信号，其包含从用于另外的信号部分的多个带宽中选择的工作带宽的指示。