公开(公告)号：US20160056487A1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-25

申请号：US14888099

申请日：2013-05-03

Applicant: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

Inventor： Robert Mason Darling ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M8/04798 ,  H01M8/04313 ,  H01M8/0444 ,  H01M8/04694 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M2220/10 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A method of maintaining health of a flow battery includes determining an average oxidation state of a common electrochemically active elemental specie in first and second fluid electrolytes on, respectively, a positive side and a negative side of an electrochemical cell of a flow battery, and adjusting the average oxidation state in response to the average oxidation state deviating from a predefined average oxidation state value.

Abstract translation: 一种维持流动电池的健康的方法包括：分别在流动电池的电化学电池的正侧和负极侧确定第一和第二流体电解质中的普通电化学活性元素的平均氧化态，并调整 响应于偏离预定平均氧化态值的平均氧化态的平均氧化态。

公开(公告)号：US20150263358A1

公开(公告)日：2015-09-17

申请号：US14364712

申请日：2011-12-20

Applicant: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Arun Pandy ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M8/0263 ,  H01M8/026 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes a liquid electrolyte that has an electrochemically active specie and a bipolar plate that has channels for receiving flow of the liquid electrolyte. A porous electrode is arranged immediately adjacent the bipolar plate. The porous electrode is catalytically active with regard to the liquid electrolyte. The channels of the bipolar plate have at least one of a channel arrangement or a channel shape that is configured to positively force at least a portion of the flow of the liquid electrolyte into the porous electrode.

Abstract translation: 流动电池包括具有电化学活性物质的液体电解质和具有用于接收液体电解质流动的通道的双极板。 多孔电极紧邻双极板设置。 关于液体电解质，多孔电极具有催化活性。 双极板的通道具有通道布置或通道形状中的至少一个，其被配置为将液体电解质的流动的至少一部分积极地推动到多孔电极中。

公开(公告)号：US20140132238A1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-15

申请号：US14161219

申请日：2014-01-22

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Rachid Zaffou ,  Arun Pandy ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H02M1/00 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H01M8/04276 ,  H01M8/04597 ,  H01M8/04671 ,  H01M8/04902 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H02M1/00 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A method is provided for mitigating hydrogen evolution within a flow battery system that includes a plurality of flow battery cells, a power converter and an electrochemical cell. The method includes providing hydrogen generated by the hydrogen evolution within the flow battery system to the electrochemical cell. A first electrical current generated by an electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen and a reactant is sensed, and the sensed current is used to control an exchange of electrical power between the flow battery cells and the power converter.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于减轻包括多个流动电池单元，功率转换器和电化学电池的流动电池系统内的氢析出的方法。 该方法包括将由流动电池系统内的析氢生成的氢提供给电化学电池。 检测由氢和反应物之间的电化学反应产生的第一电流，并且使用所感测的电流来控制流动电池单元和功率转换器之间的电力交换。

公开(公告)号：US10135085B2

公开(公告)日：2018-11-20

申请号：US14891013

申请日：2013-05-16

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Robert Mason Darling ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Wei Xie

IPC: H01M4/36 ,  H01M8/1067 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/1018

Abstract: A flow battery includes a cell that has a first electrode, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode and an electrolyte separator layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. A supply/storage system is external of the at least one cell and includes first and second vessels that are fluidly connected with the at least one cell. First and second fluid electrolytes are located in the supply/storage system. The electrolyte separator layer includes a hydrated ion-exchange membrane of a polymer that has a carbon backbone chain and side chains extending from the carbon backbone chain. The side chains include hydrophilic chemical groups with water molecules attached by secondary bonding to form clusters of water domains. The clusters have an average maximum cluster size no greater than 4 nanometers, with an average number of water molecules per hydrophilic chemical group, λ (lambda), being greater than zero.

公开(公告)号：US10050297B2

公开(公告)日：2018-08-14

申请号：US14509685

申请日：2014-10-08

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Arun Pandy ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H02J3/32 ,  H01M8/04858 ,  H01M8/04992 ,  H01M10/48 ,  H01M10/44

Abstract: A method and system for storing and/or discharging electrical energy that has a cost, which method includes steps of: (a) providing a flow battery system comprising at least one flow battery cell and a controller; (b) operating the flow battery cell at a power density having a first value; and (c) changing the power density at which the flow battery cell is operated from the first value to a second value as a function of the cost of the electrical energy, wherein the power density is changed using the controller, and wherein the second value is different than the first value.

公开(公告)号：US09966618B2

公开(公告)日：2018-05-08

申请号：US14650126

申请日：2012-12-09

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Robert Mason Darling ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/04858 ,  H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/043 ,  H01M8/20 ,  H01M8/04746

CPC classification number: H01M8/04873 ,  H01M8/04223 ,  H01M8/043 ,  H01M8/04753 ,  H01M8/04953 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A flow battery includes at least one cell that has a first electrode, a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode and an electrolyte separator layer that is arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode. A storage portion is fluidly connected with the at least one cell. At least one liquid electrolyte includes an electrochemically active specie and is selectively deliverable to the at least one cell. An electric circuit is coupled with the first electrode and the second electrode. The circuit includes a voltage-limiting device that is configured to limit a voltage potential across the first electrode and the second electrode in response to a transition of the at least one cell from an inactive, shut-down mode with respect to an active, charge/discharge mode.

公开(公告)号：US09853310B2

公开(公告)日：2017-12-26

申请号：US15107499

申请日：2013-12-23

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Robert Mason Darling ,  Andrew Smeltz ,  Sven Tobias Junker ,  Michael L. Perry

IPC: H01M8/04791 ,  H01M8/0432 ,  H01M8/0444 ,  H01M8/18 ,  H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/04276 ,  H01M8/20

CPC classification number: H01M8/04276 ,  H01M8/04186 ,  H01M8/0432 ,  H01M8/0444 ,  H01M8/04791 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H01M8/20 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A method of determining a distribution of electrolytes in a flow battery includes providing a flow battery with a fixed amount of fluid electrolyte having a common electrochemically active specie, a portion of the fluid electrolyte serving as an anolyte and a remainder of the fluid electrolyte serving as a catholyte. An average oxidation state of the common electrochemically active specie is determined in the anolyte and the catholyte and, responsive to the determined average oxidation state, a molar ratio of the common electrochemically active specie between the anolyte and the catholyte is adjusted to increase an energy discharge capacity of the flow battery for the determined average oxidation state.

公开(公告)号：US20170250417A1

公开(公告)日：2017-08-31

申请号：US15511030

申请日：2014-09-15

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Andrew Smeltz ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Robert Mason Darling

IPC: H01M8/04228 ,  H01M8/18

Abstract: A method is disclosed for regenerating an electrode of a flow battery. The method can be executed during shutdown of the flow battery from an active charge/discharge mode to an inactive, shut-down mode in which neither a negative electrolyte nor a positive electrolyte are circulated through at least one cell of the flow battery. The method includes driving voltage of the least one cell of the flow battery toward zero by converting, in-situ, the negative electrolyte in the at least one cell to a higher oxidation state. The negative electrolyte is in contact with an electrode of the at least one cell. The higher oxidation state negative electrolyte is used to regenerate, in-situ, catalytically active surfaces of the electrode of the at least one cell.

公开(公告)号：US20150340710A1

公开(公告)日：2015-11-26

申请号：US14653280

申请日：2012-12-23

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Weina Li ,  Michael L. Perry ,  Rachid Zaffou ,  Christopher C. Shovlin

IPC: H01M4/96

CPC classification number: H01M4/96 ,  H01M8/188 ,  Y02E60/528

Abstract: A method of treating a carbon electrode includes providing a carbon-based electrode that has a surface with chemically different carbon oxides. The surface is treated with a reducing agent to reduce at least a portion of the oxides to a target carbon oxide. In an aspect, a method of treating a carbon electrode includes providing a carbon-based electrode that has a surface with an initial non-zero concentration of a target carbon oxide. The surface is then treated with a reducing agent to increase the initial non-zero concentration of the target carbon oxide.

Abstract translation: 一种处理碳电极的方法包括提供具有化学上不同的碳氧化物的表面的碳基电极。 用还原剂处理表面以将至少一部分氧化物还原成目标碳氧化物。 在一方面，一种处理碳电极的方法包括提供具有目标碳氧化物的初始非零浓度的表面的碳基电极。 然后用还原剂处理表面以增加目标碳氧化物的初始非零浓度。

公开(公告)号：US20140375056A1

公开(公告)日：2014-12-25

申请号：US14364781

申请日：2011-12-20

Applicant: United Technologies Corporation

Inventor： Michael L. Perry

IPC: H02P9/00 ,  H01M8/18

CPC classification number: H02P9/008 ,  H01M8/188 ,  H02J3/32 ,  H02J3/386 ,  H02J7/34 ,  H02P2101/15 ,  Y02E10/763

Abstract: A method of operating a power generation system includes operating a power generation system to generate an electric power output. At least a portion of the electric power output is dissipated in a flow battery by charging the flow battery using the portion of the electric power output and self-discharging the flow battery.

Abstract translation: 一种操作发电系统的方法包括操作发电系统以产生电力输出。 电力输出的至少一部分通过使用电力输出部分对流动电池充电并自动排出流动电池而在流动电池中消散。