Abstract:
The present invention describes a novel reactor designed to carry out chemical reactions at temperatures possibly up to 1600°C and at pressures possibly up to 100 bar. The reactor according to the invention possesses two chambers surrounding the reaction zone, namely an internal chamber made from a refractory material and an external chamber surrounding the internal chamber and made of an insulating material.
Abstract:
A method for making a unit including a pressure-sealed container (2) with at least one connecting port (3), and an active solid (1) placed in said container (2). The container (2) is formed directly on a preformed body of the active solid (1) and made of a material having a thermal conductivity of more than 18 W/m. K. The resulting units are particularly useful for making portable air-conditioning devices for garments.
Abstract:
The present invention describes a novel reactor designed to carry out chemical reactions at temperatures possibly up to 1600°C and at pressures possibly up to 100 bar. The reactor according to the invention possesses two chambers surrounding the reaction zone, namely an internal chamber made from a refractory material and an external chamber surrounding the internal chamber and made of an insulating material.
Abstract:
The invention relates to powder metallurgy and allows to intensify the process of dissolving ceramic materials in a chemically active medium at high pressures and temperatures. The disclosed isostat for treating materials comprises a hermetic container connected to a gas supply means, an induction heater and an open-top working chamber that are arranged therein, the chamber being mounted above the heater and designed for placing the article to be treated and the working medium therein. The working chamber is made in the form of a vessel with double walls and a bottom therebetween, the inner wall of the vessel defines a reaction chamber, the bottom of which is located above the heater higher than the bottom between the walls of the vessel, the bottom between the walls is located lower than the exposure zone of the heater, and the isostat is provided with a heat-insulating chamber, the wall of which is located in the space between the walls of the vessel with a gap between the open lower butt of the heat-insulating chamber and the bottom between the walls of the vessel, and with a gap between the closed butt thereof and the upper open butt of the reaction chamber. The isostat is provided with a hood located in the reaction chamber with a gap between its open butt and the bottom of the reaction chamber and connected within its upper portion to the gas supply means. The disclosed method of removing ceramic elements from metal articles consists in treating the articles in a reactor with a heated alkali solution under pressure of vapor and gaseous medium above the solution, characterized in that said isostat is used as the reactor, heating of the aqueous alkali solution in the reaction chamber is carried out by means of the induction heater up to a temperature higher than the critical point for the liquid constituent of the solution until it changes to a fluid condition, the level of the liquid medium gets reduced in the reaction chamber and its vapors partially condense on the bottom between the walls of the vessel, thus forming a liquid seal, then the medium is heated further in the reaction chamber up to the final temperature exceeding the melting point of alkali at partial vapor pressure of the liquid constituent of the solution that is equal to or higher than its critical pressure, followed by holding it at said parameters in the reaction chamber, and then the medium is cooled in the reaction chamber down to a temperature below the critical point for the liquid constituent of the solution until its vapors partially condense in the reaction chamber and the level of the liquid medium gets increased in the reactor, whereupon heating up and cooling down to said parameters are repeated periodically until the ceramic material is removed completely from the metal article.
Abstract:
The invention relates to powder metallurgy, more specifically to the design of an autoclave for producing compound materials at a high pressure and temperature. The inventive power module comprises a multibarrel container embodied in the form of adjacent welded cylinders which are made of sheet material and assembled to each other with the aid of a high-strength steel band. One of the internal metal cylinders is embodied in such a way that it is split, thereby forming channels for cooling fluid. Said container is pressurised with the aid of movable end plugs limited in an axial direction by longitudinal beams and a power frame. Said frame is embodied in the form of three oval power sections, i.e. two side sections embracing the longitudinal beams, and a central section embracing the longitudinal beams and the container with plugs. The sections are disposed equidistantly with respect to each other along the length of the longitudinal beam. The oval power side sections are embodied in such a way that they can move oppositely. All sections are embodied in such a way that they are displaceable at a distance enabling the longitudinal beams and the end plugs to be removed.
Abstract:
PCT No. PCT/FR96/01059 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 7, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 7, 1998 PCT Filed Jul. 5, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/03328 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 30, 1997A method for making a unit including a pressure-sealed container (2) with at least one connecting port (3), and an active solid (1) placed in said container (2). The container (2) is formed directly on a preformed body of the active solid (1) and made of a material having a thermal conductivity of more than 18 W/m. K. The resulting units are particularly useful for making portable air-conditioning devices for garments.
Abstract:
Container (1) for the thermal conditioning of a fluid under pressure, which is bounded over at least part of its surface facing the outside by at least one external plate (3) and facing the inside by at least one internal plate (4), the external plate (3) being thicker than the internal plate (4), the external plate (3) and the internal plate (4) being joined together in places so as to define a space (2) between the joints (5) for the circulation of a heat-transfer fluid and the container (1) being provided with means (8) intended for adjusting the pressure of the heat-transfer fluid to that of the fluid under pressure. Use of the container for the thermally conditioning of a fluid under pressure. Chemical reactor consisting of the said container and polymerization process using the said reactor. Method of producing the said container and the said reactor. ® KIPO & WIPO 2007
Abstract:
The invention relates to powder metallurgy, in particular to devices and methods for processing materials in a chemically active medium at high pressures and temperatures and can be used for dissolving ceramic materials and for the structural transformations thereof. The inventive isostat for material processing consists of a tight container which is connected to gas supply means and comprises an induction heater and a working chamber having the open top end face and embodied in the form of a double-wall receptacle whose bottom is disposed between the walls thereof. Said isostat is provided with a heat-insulating chamber whose wall is arranged in the interwall space. The inventive method consists in heating the aqueous alkali liquor in the reaction chamber of the isostat until the liquid component thereof passes into a fluid state, in lowering the liquid medium level, condensing the part of the vapours thereof in such a way that a liquid shutter is formed and in heating to a final temperature. Heating and cooling are periodically repeated until the ceramic material is completely removed from the metallic article.