Abstract:
A flexible gas sensor includes a housing with a predetermined form factor, a photoacoustic gas sensing chamber, and at least one of acoustic, temperature, relative humidity or pressure sensors in combination with processing circuitry which can emulate the characteristic gas response output of a catalytic bead pellistor-type gas sensor in response to a selected gas. The processing circuitry can include a programmable processor and a storage unit. The storage unit can be loaded with data and executable instructions to specify, at least in part, how the signals from the photoacoustic sensor are to be processed by the processing circuitry.
Abstract:
Disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide means to obtain correct gas density and flux measurements using (i) gas analyzer (open-path, or closed-path gas analyzers with short intake tube, for example 1 m long, or any combination of the two); (ii) fast temperature or sensible heat flux measurement device (such as, fine-wire thermocouple, sonic anemometer, or any other device providing fast accurate gas temperature measurements); (iii) fast air water content or latent heat flux measurement device (such as, hygrometer, NDIR analyzer, any other device providing fast accurate gas water content measurements); (iv) vertical wind or sampling device (such as sonic anemometer, scintillometer, or fast solenoid valve, etc.) and (v) algorithms in accordance with the present invention to compute the corrected gas flux, compensated for T-P effects. In case when water factor in T-P effects is negligible, the fast air water content or latent heat flux measurement device (item iii in last paragraph) can be excluded.
Abstract:
A gas analysis cell having a pressure control system eliminates pressure variations in the gas cell regardless of changes in restriction, gas viscosity and barometric pressure. Since optical alignment through the gas cell is sensitive to gas pressure, maintaining a constant pressure in the gas cell makes the system more stable.
Abstract:
Gas analyzers of the non-dispersive infrared radiation type which are designed to measure the concentration of one gas in a mixture of gases containing that gas. A novel, electrically modulated, stable, thick film infrared radiation emitter is employed to emit a beam of collimated, focused energy; and two electrically biased detectors are preferably used so that a ratioed, error eliminating output signal can be supplied to the failsafe, signal processing circuitry of the analyzer. The latter, and a conventional analog-to-digital convertor, supply information to a microcomputer which: (1) turns the infrared radiation emitter on and off; (2) controls a heater which keeps the infrared radiation detectors at a constant, precise temperature; and (3) controls displays of a variety of information concerning the gas being measured and the status of the gas analyzer. The microcomputer also accepts ambient temperature, barometric pressure, and other compensation factors. Typically, a disposable airway adapter will be included in the gas analyzer to confine the mixture of gases being analyzed to a path having a transverse dimension of precise and specific length and to provide an optical path across that stream of gases between the infrared radiation emitter and the infrared radiation detectors. The emitter and detectors are incorporated in a transducer head which can be detachably fixed to the airway adapter.
Abstract:
A detection device includes a substrate, first electrodes formed on a first surface of the substrate, a responsive layer, and second electrodes formed on a first surface of the responsive layer, each of the second electrodes are capacitively coupled to one of the first electrodes and each second electrode is connected to a power supply to provide driving power.
Abstract:
A concentration measurement device 100 includes a light source 22 for generating incident light to a measurement space 10A, a photodetector 24 for receiving light emitted from the measurement space, and an arithmetic control circuit 26 for calculating a concentration of a measurement fluid on the basis of an output of the photodetector, and the light source includes a first light-emitting element 22a for generating light having a first wavelength, and a second light-emitting element 22b for generating light having a second wavelength, and the concentration measurement device is configured so as to calculate the concentration using either light of the first wavelength or the second wavelength on the basis of the pressure or temperature of the measurement fluid.
Abstract:
A method of using a spectrometer to produce corrected diamond Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) spectral data includes acquiring, using the spectrometer, an initial set of ATR spectral data for a sample pressed into contact with a diamond ATR crystals; numerically matching, using the spectrometer, a pressure dependent diamond artifact reference spectrum to a corresponding pressure dependent diamond artifact in the initial set of ATR spectral data; and numerically subtracting out the numerically matched pressure dependent diamond artifact reference spectrum from the initial set of ATR spectral data to yield a corrected set of ATR spectral data for the sample for output by the spectrometer.
Abstract:
A method includes receiving a gas mixture at a first pressure including at least a primary gas and a secondary gas and changing a pressure of the received gas mixture from the first pressure to a second pressure. Further, the method includes determining a spectra of the gas mixture at the second pressure, wherein at least the first spectral line of the primary gas is spectrally distinguished from at least the second spectral line of the secondary gas, identifying a peak wavelength associated with the spectrally distinguished first spectral line of the primary gas based on at least two wavelengths of the secondary gas corresponding to at least two peak amplitudes in the spectra of the gas mixture, and determining a concentration of the primary gas based on the identified peak wavelength associated with the spectrally distinguished first spectral line of the primary gas.
Abstract:
An oxygen sensing system including an oxygen sensor, a microprocessor and one or more additional sensors for sensing parameters associated with the environment or with the oxygen sensor, accounts for one or more sensed conditions when calculating oxygen levels. The one or more sensors may sense conditions associated with environmental effects or effects of use that may cause the oxygen sensor to degrade over usage or over time. A baseline amplification and measurement circuit coupled to the oxygen sensor may enable the sensor to operate less frequently or for shorter periods of time, thereby increasing the life span, calibration hold time of the sensor, and reducing power requirements.
Abstract:
An oxygen sensing system including an oxygen sensor, a microprocessor and one or more additional sensors for sensing parameters associated with the environment or with the oxygen sensor, accounts for one or more sensed conditions when calculating oxygen levels. The one or more sensors may sense conditions associated with environmental effects or effects of use that may cause the oxygen sensor to degrade over usage or over time. A baseline amplification and measurement circuit coupled to the oxygen sensor may enable the sensor to operate less frequently or for shorter periods of time, thereby increasing the life span, calibration hold time of the sensor, and reducing power requirements.