公开(公告)号：US07496179B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-24

申请号：US11752423

申请日：2007-05-23

Applicant: Joerg Freudenberger ,  Sven Fritzler ,  Manfred Fuchs ,  Matthias Maier ,  Detlef Mattern ,  Peter Roehrer ,  Peter Schardt

Inventor： Joerg Freudenberger ,  Sven Fritzler ,  Manfred Fuchs ,  Matthias Maier ,  Detlef Mattern ,  Peter Roehrer ,  Peter Schardt

IPC: H01J35/06 ,  H05G1/36 ,  H05G1/46

CPC classification number: H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/305 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: An x-ray unit has an x-ray radiator having an anode that emits x-rays upon being struck by electrons, a cathode that thermionically emits electrons upon irradiation thereof by a laser beam, electrical connections for application of a high voltage between the anode and the cathode to accelerate the emitted electrons toward the anode as an electron beam, a vacuum housing that can be rotated around an axis, an insulator that is part of the vacuum housing and that separates the cathode from the anode, a drive that rotates the vacuum housing around its axis, an arrangement for cooling components of the x-ray radiator, and an arrangement that directs the laser beam from a stationary source, arranged outside of the vacuum housing, onto a spatially stationary laser focal spot on the cathode and that focuses the laser beam. The x-ray unit furthermore has a control circuit with which an operating property of the x-ray unit is adjusted and at least one measurement element for measurement of a measurement quantity is effectively correlated with the temperature of the cathode. The control circuit adjusts the operating property dependent on the measurement of the measurement quantity.

Abstract translation: x射线单元具有：x射线辐射体，其具有在被电子撞击时发射x射线的阳极;通过激光束照射电子时发射电子的阴极;用于在阳极之间施加高电压的电连接 以及用于将发射的电子作为电子束加速到阳极的阴极，可以围绕轴线旋转的真空壳体，作为真空壳体的一部分并将阴极与阳极分离的绝缘体，使得阴极与阳极分离的驱动器， 围绕其轴线的真空壳体，用于冷却x射线辐射器的部件的布置，以及将来自设置在真空壳体外部的固定源的激光束引导到阴极上的空间静止的激光焦点上的布置， 聚焦激光束。 X射线单元还具有调整X射线单元的工作特性的控制电路，并且用于测量量的至少一个测量元件与阴极的温度有效地相关。 控制电路根据测量量的测量来调整工作特性。

公开(公告)号：US6084942A

公开(公告)日：2000-07-04

申请号：US157637

申请日：1998-09-21

Applicant: Erich Hell ,  Thomas Ohrndorf ,  Peter Schardt

Inventor： Erich Hell ,  Thomas Ohrndorf ,  Peter Schardt

IPC: H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/26 ,  H01J35/30

CPC classification number: H01J35/305 ,  H01J35/105 ,  H05G1/025 ,  H01J2235/1262 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: An x-ray radiator has a rotating bulb tube whose vacuum housing rotates within the radiator housing filled with a fluid coolant, as well as with an external heat exchanger for the cooling of the coolant, with the coolant admission connector and the coolant discharge connector for the coolant conducted through the external heat exchanger without a circulating pump arranged at respective positions of the radiator housing at which a lower pressure and a higher pressure are generated by the rotation of the rotating bulb.

Abstract translation: X射线辐射器具有旋转灯泡管，其真空壳体在散热器壳体内旋转，填充有流体冷却剂，以及用于冷却冷却剂的外部热交换器，冷却剂入口连接器和冷却剂排出连接器用于 冷却剂通过外部热交换器而没有循环泵布置在散热器壳体的相应位置处，在该位置处通过旋转灯泡的旋转产生较低的压力和较高的压力。

公开(公告)号：US5883936A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-16

申请号：US905403

申请日：1997-08-04

Applicant: Erich Hell ,  Peter Schardt

Inventor： Erich Hell ,  Peter Schardt

IPC: H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/26

CPC classification number: H01J35/305 ,  H01J35/26 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: An x-ray tube has an evacuated housing rotatable around a rotational axis with a cathode and an anode being rigidly mounted in the housing so as to rotate therewith. The cathode emits electrons which are accelerated with an electrical field so as to strike the anode. An electromagnetic system for deflecting and focusing the electron beam has a number of current-permeated coil elements, whereby the coil elements are arranged a common carrier that at least partially surrounds the housing.

Abstract translation: X射线管具有可围绕旋转轴线旋转的抽真空壳体，阴极和阳极刚性地安装在壳体中以随其旋转。 阴极发射用电场加速以撞击阳极的电子。 用于偏转和聚焦电子束的电磁系统具有多个电流渗透线圈元件，由此线圈元件布置成至少部分地围绕壳体的共同载体。

公开(公告)号：US5550890A

公开(公告)日：1996-08-27

申请号：US467242

申请日：1995-06-06

Applicant: Waston A. Anderson

Inventor： Waston A. Anderson

IPC: H05G1/02 ,  F16C39/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01J35/26 ,  H02K7/09 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H01J35/06

CPC classification number: F16C32/044 ,  H01J35/101 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H02K7/09 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: An X-ray generating source comprising a rotating vacuum envelope with an anode attached thereto and a cathode assembly disposed therewith. The cathode assembly is held stationary within the vacuum envelope exclusively by a magnetic suspension system which comprises a magnet assembly formed by a plurality of electromagnets mounted on two spaced apart rings positioned outside of the envelope and located in the place which is perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the envelope and a magnetic susceptor mounted to the cathode assembly. A plurality of proximity sensors are sensing any displacements of the cathode assembly while a feedback control system being connected to these proximity sensors maintains the proper position of the cathode assembly by changing the value of the magnetic field in gaps between the magnet assembly and the magnetic susceptor.

Abstract translation: 一种X射线产生源，其包括连接有阳极的旋转真空外壳和与其配置的阴极组件。 阴极组件仅通过磁悬浮系统固定在真空封壳内，该磁悬浮系统包括由多个电磁体形成的磁体组件，多个电磁体安装在位于外壳外部并位于与壳体的垂直于 外壳的旋转和安装到阴极组件的磁性基座。 多个接近传感器感测阴极组件的任何位移，而连接到这些接近传感器的反馈控制系统通过改变磁体组件和磁感受器之间的间隙中的磁场的值来维持阴极组件的适当位置 。

公开(公告)号：US5438605A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-01

申请号：US163148

申请日：1993-12-06

Applicant: James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller

Inventor： James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller

IPC: H05G1/00 ,  A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  A61N5/01 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/02 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/60 ,  H05G1/66 ,  H01J35/04

CPC classification number: H05G1/66 ,  A61N5/01 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/165 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/60 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/56 ,  H01J2235/162 ,  H01J2235/205 ,  H05G1/025

Abstract: A toroidal x-ray tube housing (A) is composed of multiple sections which are clamped together and sealed by elastomeric gaskets (128). An annular anode (B) is mounted to the housing with coolant passages (12, 14) extending thereadjacent. A rotor (30) is rotated within the toroidal housing by a motor (60). At least one cathode assembly (C) is mounted to the rotor adjacent the anode. The rotor is supported by magnetic bearings (40) whose active coils are separated from the vacuum region by a magnetic window (48). Alternately, a series of vanes (136, 138) are provided to divide the vacuum chamber into a high vacuum region (132) adjacent the cathode and anode and a low vacuum region (134) adjacent the motor (60) and bearings (40, 150, 152) for rotatably supporting the rotor within the housing. An active vacuum pump, preferably a ion pump (112) and a getter (114) are hermetically sealed into the vacuum region for maintaining the vacuum.

Abstract translation: 环形X射线管外壳（A）由夹紧在一起并由弹性垫片（128）密封的多个部分组成。 环形阳极（B）安装到壳体上，在其周围延伸有冷却剂通道（12,14）。 转子（30）通过马达（60）在环形壳体内旋转。 至少一个阴极组件（C）安装在靠近阳极的转子上。 转子由磁性轴承（40）支撑，其有源线圈通过磁性窗口（48）与真空区域分离。 或者，提供一系列叶片（136,138）以将真空室分成与阴极和阳极相邻的高真空区域（132）和邻近马达（60）的低真空区域（134）和轴承（40， 150,152），用于将所述转子可旋转地支撑在所述壳体内。 活性真空泵，优选离子泵（112）和吸气剂（114）气密地密封到真空区域中以保持真空。

公开(公告)号：US5274690A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-28

申请号：US988403

申请日：1992-12-09

Applicant: James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller ,  Salvatore G. Perno

Inventor： James E. Burke ,  Lester Miller ,  Salvatore G. Perno

IPC: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01J35/26 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/66

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/165 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/66 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: An x-ray tube includes an anode (A) and envelope (C) which are rotated (D) at a relatively high rate of speed. A cathode assembly (B) is supported in the envelope on a bearing (32). In order to hold the cathode assembly stationary, a magnetic susceptor (40) having periodic projections (44) is disposed with the projections closely adjacent an outer peripheral wall (20) of the envelope. A plurality of permanent magnets (52) are mounted on a stationary keeper (50), each magnet adjacent one of the susceptor projections. Preferably, the magnets have alternating polarity such that magnetic flux lines (54) flow between adjacent magnets through the magnetic susceptor.

Abstract translation: X射线管包括以相对高的速度旋转（D）的阳极（A）和外壳（C）。 阴极组件（B）被支撑在轴承（32）上的外壳中。 为了将阴极组件固定固定，具有周期性突起（44）的磁感受体（40）被布置成使得突出部紧密靠近外壳的外周壁（20）。 多个永磁体（52）安装在固定保持器（50）上，每个磁体邻近基座突起之一。 优选地，磁体具有交替的极性，使得磁通线（54）通过磁感受器在相邻的磁体之间流动。

公开(公告)号：US4821305A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-11

申请号：US207005

申请日：1988-06-09

Applicant: Weston A. Anderson

Inventor： Weston A. Anderson

IPC: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24

CPC classification number: H01J35/24 ,  H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: The average power capacity of a rotating-anode X-ray generator tube is limited by the slow radiation cooling of the anode. The invention removes this limitation by rotating the entire vacuum envelope so the heat can be conducted directly to the air or to a circulating liquid. The cathode and anode are made as figures of revolution about the axis. A stationary source of X-rays is produced by focusing a stationary spot of the light onto a rotating photocathode. The photoelectrons are drawn off and focused onto a stationary spot on the rotating anode, to produce a stationary source of X-rays.

Abstract translation: 旋转阳极X射线发生器管的平均功率容量受到阳极缓慢辐射冷却的限制。 本发明通过旋转整个真空外壳来消除这种限制，使得热量可以直接传导到空气或循环液体。 阴极和阳极被制成围绕轴的旋转图。 通过将光的固定点聚焦到旋转的光电阴极上来产生固定的X射线源。 光电子被抽出并聚焦到旋转阳极上的固定点上，产生固定的X射线源。

公开(公告)号：US4788705A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-29

申请号：US5973

申请日：1987-01-21

Applicant: Weston A. Anderson

Inventor： Weston A. Anderson

IPC: H01J35/00 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24

CPC classification number: H01J35/12 ,  H01J35/04 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01J2235/162

Abstract: A high-intensity X-ray source generates significant heat at the anode. To help dissipate this heat, the anode is often rotated in the vacuum. Heat must still be radiated from the anode to the exterior walls. An improved X-ray source incorporates the anode in the walls of the vacuum chamber and rotates the entire chamber. The heat is then easily conducted to the exterior where it may be dissipated by connection or forced air cooling.

Abstract translation: 高强度X射线源在阳极产生显着的热量。 为了帮助消散这种热量，阳极常常在真空中旋转。 仍然必须将热量从阳极辐射到外壁。 改进的X射线源将阳极并入真空室的壁中并使整个腔室旋转。 然后将热量容易地传导到外部，其中可以通过连接或强制空气冷却而消散。

公开(公告)号：JP3622057B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-23

申请号：JP9545693

申请日：1993-03-30

Applicant: コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィKoninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.

Inventor： ジェイ．ブルネット カール ,  イー．バーク ジェイムズ ,  エイ．レズニック スィオドー ,  ミラ− レスター ,  エイ．マトスン ロドニ

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B6/03 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/60 ,  H05G1/66

CPC classification number: A61B6/035 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  A61B6/405 ,  A61B6/4275 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/482 ,  A61B6/56 ,  H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/10 ,  H01J35/165 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01J2235/162 ,  H05G1/025 ,  H05G1/06 ,  H05G1/08 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/26 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52 ,  H05G1/60 ,  H05G1/66

Abstract: A toroidal x-ray tube (I) is supported (II) for rotation about a horizontal axis (170), translation along a vertical axis (172), and translation along a horizontal axis (174). The x-ray tube includes a toroidal housing (A), an annular anode (B), and a cathode (C) which rotates a beam of electrons around the annular anode. A plurality of parallel connected voltage sources (901, 902, ..., 90n) provide a sufficiently high bias voltage between the electron source and the anode that x-rays are generated. The x-ray beam passes through a compensator crystal (62), an annular window (20), a collimator (132), through a subject received in a central bore (26) of the x-ray tube, and impacts an arc segment of radiation detectors (130). The x-ray detectors are stationarily mounted outside of the plane of the annular window (FIGURES 2 and 7), nutate into the plane of the windows opposite of the origin of the x-ray beam (FIGURE 6), rotate in part (FIGURE 9) or rotate in full (FIGURE 8). Angular position monitors (58, 154) determine the angular position of the cathode assembly, hence the x-ray beam, and the angular position of the detectors in the rotating detector embodiment.

公开(公告)号：JP3517664B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-12

申请号：JP1596493

申请日：1993-01-05

Applicant: コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ

Inventor： ミラー レスター

IPC: H01J35/02 ,  H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52

CPC classification number: H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/24 ,  H01J2235/162 ,  H05G1/20 ,  H05G1/34 ,  H05G1/52