Abstract:
An air speed measuring device includes an air speed sensor (110) and signal processing electronics (111) to measure air speed under control of a microprocessor (116) and a speech circuit (112) to provide an annunciation signal which is amplified by amplifier (114) and provided to the user through earphones (115). The annunciation signal from the speech circuit (112) is arranged to provide the user with a verbal indication of his instantaneous speed at regular intervals.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to the field of control and measuring technology. In order to prevent its fouling, the flow velocity measuring unit is fitted with a gravitational filter which consists of pipes having a length at least three times greater than their diameter.
Abstract:
A method for automatic fluid flow compensation in disposable fluid analysis sensing devices (10) is disclosed. The method is designed to keep the test conditions from sample to sample substantially unchanged. This is accomplished by using information about the preceding and/or current test measurements to automatically offset parameter variations of the disposable devices (10) and the reading apparatus (150) caused by manufacturing tolerances, wear of the mechanical parts, fluid viscosity differences and other. At each consecutive test measurement the method uses a compensation of the position of the actuating element (100) to offset the difference between the previous test measurement and a factory pre-specified value. The method and system result, over the lifetime of the instrument (300) in a substantially unchanged flow of the analyzed fluid and reduction of the influence of a variety of external factors on the test measurements.
Abstract:
Particle velocity is determined optically through the use of crossed interference fringe patterns. The fringe patterns are produced by passing laser beams of distinct wavelength along a common optical fibre (30) and through two crossed diffraction gratings (34, 36) which are bonded to the free end of the fibre (30). Each diffraction grating (34, 36) is constructed in the manner of an interference filter so as to produce interference fringes at one wavelength but to transmit the other wavelength substantially uniformly across the grating. Other interference elements can be used in place of diffraction gratings and the use of a single diffraction grating is envisaged in certain circumstances. An indication of the sense of particle movement can be achieved by creating a fringe pattern of steadily increasing fringe spacing.
Abstract:
Method for measuring flow speeds of a flux. The apparatus comprises: a) n emitter and receiver transducers (3 and 7) with wide pass-band, b) m oscillators (4) producing sinusoidal continuous voltages of different frequencies which are applied simultaneously each to an emitter transducer, c) a low pass-filter (16) arranged on each treatment path between the multiplier and the high-pass filter. Application to displaying by Doppler velocimetry the blood speed in a vessel segment.
Abstract:
In a laser-doppler-anemometer two frequency-displaced partial beams are transmitted from a transmitting device (S) including a laser (1) to a measuring probe (M) positioned at a remote measuring volume (10) by means of a polarization-direction-preserving optical "single-mode" fiber (8) with two orthogonal principal axes, the transmitter including a member (4) for turning the polarization direction of one partial beam by 90 , and the measuring probe (M) including another polarization-direction-turning member (4') for reestablishing the original coincidence between the polarization directions of the two partial beams. The transmitting device (S) may thus be positioned at a distance from the measuring volume (10) while the measuring probe (M) may be designed with small physical dimensions.
Abstract:
An ultrasonic blood flow imaging method for two-dimensionally displaying the velocity distribution of a blood flow within a body to be examined is characterized in that the velocity distribution is displayed as a color picture in which the velocity direction is represented by one color when positive and by another different color when negative, and the magnitude of the velocity is represented by varying the brightness of the color concerned. An ultrasonic imaging apparatus for carrying out this method comprises an ultrasonic transmitter/receiver which outputs a tomographic image signal corresponding to a specific region of an object, and an average velocity signal and a velocity deviation signal corresponding to the velocity of blood flow within the specified region. These signals are stored in respective frame memories and then processed by a color processor to produce a color video signal which is input to a color display for displaying a tomographic image, and the velocity and velocity deviation of the blood flow.
Abstract:
A flow detector, for use adjacent a steam trap to detect an unacceptable level of leakage of steam through the trap, comprises a tubular housing 10 substitutable for a standard pipe nipple. The housing comprises a boss 16 which provides a condensate collecting trap 24 in which an electrode 26 is exposed. Immediately opposite the trap 24, on the opposite side of a flow passage 28 provided by the housing 10, is a baffle in the form of a ramp 30 arranged to divert steam towards the trap 24. In normal conditions of use, the presence of condensate in the trap is signalled by an electric current passing between the electrode 26 and the housing 10. Should an excessive steam flow occur in the passage 28, steam diverted by the ramp 30 displaces the condensate from the trap 24 around the electrode 26 and stops the flow of current. A similar detector could be of use in a compressed air line.
Abstract:
An ultrasonic blood flow measuring apparatus comprising: an ultrasonic probe (11) for transmitting an ultrasonic beam into a tissue under examination in response to an electrical driving pulse and for receiving an ultrasonic echo reflected from the tissue to convert the same into an electrical signal; a pulse generator arragement (15-1, 15-2, ... 15-n) for generating the electrical driving pulse of said probe (11); a detector circuit (20) for detecting a tomogram signal from the electrical signal; a Doppler signal processing circuit (24) for extracting Doppler frequency shift components due to velocity of a blood flow in the tissue from the electrical signal; a marker signal generator (34) for generating marker signals indicative of a location where velocity of the blood flow is measured and a direction of the ultrasonic beam which contains the Doppler frequency shift components; an arithmetic circuit (35) for calculating an angle 0 defined between a direction of the blood flow and the direction of the ultrasonic beam which contains the Doppler frequency shift components; a divider circuit (31) for obtaining the velocity of the blood flow in accordance with the Doppler frequency shift components and the angle 8; and a display device (22) for displaying a tomogram of the tissue and markers in response to the tomogram signal and the marker signals, respectively.