公开(公告)号：US08053716B1

公开(公告)日：2011-11-08

申请号：US12464853

申请日：2009-05-12

Applicant: Munther M. Hindi ,  Lee M. Klynn

Inventor： Munther M. Hindi ,  Lee M. Klynn

IPC: G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/24 ,  H01L25/00

CPC classification number: G01T1/201

Abstract: An imaging system comprises a first charge-coupled device (CCD), a second CCD, and a processor. The first CCD is configured to receive one or more light flashes, record a first set of data based on the light flashes, shift the first set of data in a first direction, read out the first set of data, and read out continuously. The second CCD is configured to receive the one or more light flashes, record a second set of data based on the light flashes, shift the second set of data in a second direction opposite to the first direction, read out the second set of data, and read out continuously. The processor, coupled to the first CCD and second CCD, is configured to determine a time and a location of the one or more light flashes based on the first set of data and the second set of data.

Abstract translation: 成像系统包括第一电荷耦合器件（CCD），第二CCD和处理器。 第一CCD被配置为接收一个或多个闪光灯，基于闪光灯记录第一组数据，在第一方向上移动第一组数据，读出第一组数据，并连续读出。 第二CCD被配置为接收一个或多个闪光灯，基于闪光灯记录第二组数据，沿与第一方向相反的第二方向移动第二组数据，读出第二组数据， 并连续读出。 耦合到第一CCD和第二CCD的处理器被配置为基于第一组数据和第二组数据来确定一个或多个闪光灯的时间和位置。

公开(公告)号：US20100288934A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-18

申请号：US12841891

申请日：2010-07-22

Applicant: Cynthia E. Keppel ,  Paul Gueye ,  Christopher Sinesi

Inventor： Cynthia E. Keppel ,  Paul Gueye ,  Christopher Sinesi

IPC: G01T1/20

CPC classification number: A61B6/425 ,  A61B6/4216 ,  A61M25/10 ,  A61M25/1011 ,  A61M2025/1013 ,  A61N5/10 ,  A61N5/1015 ,  A61N5/1027 ,  A61N5/1048 ,  A61N5/1071 ,  G01T1/1644 ,  G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/201 ,  G01T1/204 ,  G01T1/205

Abstract: An apparatus and method for in vivo and ex vivo control, detection and measurement of radiation in therapy, diagnostics, and related applications accomplished through scintillating fiber detection. One example includes scintillating fibers placed along a delivery guide such as a catheter for measuring applied radiation levels during radiotherapy treatments, sensing locations of a radiation source, or providing feedback of sensed radiation. Another option is to place the fibers into a positioning device such as a balloon, or otherwise in the field of the radiation delivery. The scintillating fibers provide light output levels correlating to the levels of radiation striking the fibers and comparative measurement between fibers can be used for more extensive dose mapping. Adjustments to a radiation treatment may be made as needed based on actual and measured applied dosages as determined by the fiber detectors. Characteristics of a radiation source may also be measured using scintillating materials.

Abstract translation: 用于体内和离体控制，检测和测量通过闪烁纤维检测实现的治疗，诊断和相关应用中的辐射的装置和方法。 一个例子包括沿着诸如导管的输送引导件放置的闪烁纤维，用于在放射疗法治疗期间测量施加的辐射水平，感测辐射源的位置或提供感测辐射的反馈。 另一种选择是将纤维放置在定位装置中，例如气球，或以其他方式放置在辐射传播领域。 闪烁纤维提供与射入纤维的辐射水平相关的光输出水平，并且纤维之间的比较测量可用于更广泛的剂量映射。 可以根据由纤维检测器确定的实际和测量的施用剂量根据需要进行放射治疗的调整。 也可以使用闪烁材料来测量辐射源的特性。

公开(公告)号：US07696486B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-13

申请号：US11718260

申请日：2005-11-01

Applicant: Volker Dangendorf ,  Christoph Kersten ,  David Vartsky ,  Mark Goldberg

Inventor： Volker Dangendorf ,  Christoph Kersten ,  David Vartsky ,  Mark Goldberg

IPC: G01T3/06

CPC classification number: G01T1/201 ,  G01T1/2914 ,  G01T3/06

Abstract: An efficient, large-area-detector and readout-system for combined sub-mm spatial imaging and time-of-flight spectrometry of fast and slow neutrons, as well as gamma-rays, capable of loss-free operation in mixed neutron-gamma fields of very high intensity.

Abstract translation: 一种高效，大面积检测器和读出系统，用于组合的亚毫米空间成像和快速和慢中子的飞行时间谱分析，以及伽马射线，能够在混合中子伽马中进行无损运算 非常强的领域。

公开(公告)号：US07667203B2

公开(公告)日：2010-02-23

申请号：US11837454

申请日：2007-08-10

Applicant: Munther M. Hindi ,  Lee M. Klynn ,  Howard P. Demroff

Inventor： Munther M. Hindi ,  Lee M. Klynn ,  Howard P. Demroff

IPC: G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/24

CPC classification number: G01T1/1642 ,  G01T1/201

Abstract: A gamma vector camera is described for detecting and determining the energy spectrum of a gamma ray source and the direction to the gamma ray source. The gamma vector camera includes a detection system that records a track of a recoil electron produced by a Compton-scattering of an incident gamma ray emitted by the gamma ray source. A processor is configured to determine the energy and the direction of the recoil electron based on the track of the recoil electron recorded by the detection system, and to determine the energy spectrum of the gamma ray source and the direction to the gamma ray source based on the determined energies and directions of a plurality of recoil electrons produced by the Compton-scatterings of a respective plurality of incident gamma rays.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于检测和确定伽马射线源的能谱和伽马射线源的方向的伽马矢量相机。 伽马矢量相机包括检测系统，其记录由伽马射线源发射的入射伽马射线的康普顿散射产生的反冲电子的轨迹。 处理器被配置为基于由检测系统记录的反冲电子的轨迹来确定反冲电子的能量和方向，并且基于以下方式确定伽马射线源的能谱和伽马射线源的方向： 通过相应的多个入射伽马射线的康普顿散射产生的多个反冲电子的确定的能量和方向。

公开(公告)号：US07493001B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-17

申请号：US11406386

申请日：2006-04-19

Applicant: Stefan Popescu

Inventor： Stefan Popescu

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G21K1/12 ,  H05G1/60

CPC classification number: G01T1/201

Abstract: A detector module, in at least one embodiment, is disclosed for x-radiation or gamma radiation that includes one or more optical waveguide sections that are arranged next to one another in order to form one or more detector rows and are optically interconnected in serial fashion. The waveguide sections include one or more converter materials for converting incident x-radiation or gamma radiation into optical radiation and are designed in such a way that optical radiation of different wavelength is generated in respectively neighboring regions along the waveguide sections upon incidence of x-radiation or gamma radiation. The present detector module, in at least one embodiment, can be implemented cost effectively with a high number of detector rows, and is of very low weight.

Abstract translation: 公开了在至少一个实施例中的用于x辐射或γ辐射的检测器模块，其包括彼此相邻布置的一个或多个光波导部分，以便形成一个或多个检测器行并以串联方式光学互连 。 波导部分包括一个或多个转换器材料，用于将入射的x辐射或γ辐射转换成光学辐射，并且被设计成使得在x辐射入射时沿着波导部分的相邻相邻区域中产生不同波长的光辐射 或伽马辐射。 在至少一个实施例中，本检测器模块可以以高数量的检测器行成本有效地实现，并且具有非常低的重量。

公开(公告)号：US07465938B1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-16

申请号：US11595567

申请日：2006-11-10

Applicant: Munther M. Hindi ,  Lee M. Klynn

Inventor： Munther M. Hindi ,  Lee M. Klynn

IPC: G01T3/06 ,  G01T1/20

CPC classification number: G01T1/201

Abstract: A photon generating event capture system is configured to capture light photons. Image intensifiers are arranged to amplify light photons and sensors are arranged to capture the amplified light photons. A control system detects the amplification of light photons by the image intensifiers. Upon detecting amplification, the control system deactivates the image intensifiers to shutdown further light photon amplification and switches the sensors from a clear mode to an acquisition mode within a period of time less than a decay time of the image intensifiers. The locations and intensities of the amplified light photons are then captured and read out by the sensors. By operating the sensors in a clear mode prior to detecting amplification of light photons, noise recorded by the sensors prior to the detection of light photon amplification is either shifted out of the sensor prior to the photon generating event or is smeared across the sensor data. The effects of system noise can be reduced by detecting and removing this smeared sensor data.

Abstract translation: 光子产生事件捕获系统被配置为捕获光子。 图像增强器被布置成放大光子，并且传感器被布置成捕获放大的光子。 控制系统通过图像增强器检测光子的放大。 当检测到放大时，控制系统使图像增强器停用，以关闭进一步的光子放大，并且在小于图像增强器的衰减时间的时间段内将传感器从清除模式切换到采集模式。 然后由传感器捕获并读出放大的光子的位置和强度。 通过在检测到光子光子的放大之前以清晰的模式操作传感器，在光子放大检测之前由传感器记录的噪声在光子产生事件之前被移出传感器外部或者在传感器数据之间被抹去。 通过检测和去除这个模糊的传感器数据可以减少系统噪声的影响。

公开(公告)号：US07304309B2

公开(公告)日：2007-12-04

申请号：US11371573

申请日：2006-03-09

Applicant: Avraham Suhami

Inventor： Avraham Suhami

IPC: G01T1/20

CPC classification number: G01T1/201 ,  A61B6/037 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G01T1/1644 ,  G01T1/202 ,  G01T1/2985 ,  G02B6/1225

Abstract: The invention consists in structuring scintillation radiation detectors as Photonic Bandgap Crystals or 3D layers of thin filaments, thus enabling extremely high spatial resolutions and achieving virtual voxellation of the radiation detector without physical separating walls. The ability to precisely measure the recoil electron track in a Compton camera enables to assess the directions of the gamma rays hitting the detector and consequently dispensing with collimators that strongly reduce the intensity of radiation detected by gamma cameras. The invention enables great enhancements of the capabilities of gamma cameras, SPECT, PET, CT and DR machines as well as their use in Homeland Security applications. Methods of fabrication of such radiation detectors are described.

Abstract translation: 本发明包括将闪烁辐射检测器构造为光子带隙晶体或三维细丝层，因此能够实现极高的空间分辨率并实现辐射探测器的虚拟分布，而无需物理分隔壁。 在康普顿相机中精确测量反冲电子轨迹的能力使得能够评估伽马射线撞击检测器的方向，从而分配准直器，从而大大降低伽马相机检测到的辐射强度。 本发明可以大大提高伽马相机，SPECT，PET，CT和DR机器的功能，以及它们在国土安全应用中的应用。 描述了这种辐射探测器的制造方法。

公开(公告)号：US20070029489A1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-08

申请号：US10795363

申请日：2004-03-09

Applicant: Raymond Castellane ,  Bartley Durst ,  Falih Ahmad

Inventor： Raymond Castellane ,  Bartley Durst ,  Falih Ahmad

IPC: G01T1/20

CPC classification number: G01T1/201

Abstract: A portable nuclear material detector generally includes a scintillating fiber radiation sensor, a light detector, a conditioning circuit, a frequency shift keying (FSK) circuit, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) circuit, an electronic controller, an amplitude spectral addition circuit, and an output device. A high voltage direct current (HVDC) source is provided to excite the light detector, while a separate power supply may be provided to power the remaining components. Portability is facilitated by locating the components of the detector within a handheld-sized housing. When bombarded by gamma particles, the radiation sensor emits light, which is detected by the light detector and converted into electrical signals. These electrical signals are then conditioned and converted to spectral lines. The frequency of a give spectral line is associated with a particular radioactive isotope, while the cumulative amplitude of all spectral lines having a common frequency is indicative of the strength and location of the isotope. All or part of this information (identity, strength, direction, and distance) may be provided on the output device.

公开(公告)号：US20060237653A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-26

申请号：US11406386

申请日：2006-04-19

Applicant: Stefan Popescu

Inventor： Stefan Popescu

IPC: G01T1/20

CPC classification number: G01T1/201

Abstract: A detector module, in at least one embodiment, is disclosed for x-radiation or gamma radiation that includes one or more optical waveguide sections that are arranged next to one another in order to form one or more detector rows and are optically interconnected in serial fashion. The waveguide sections include one or more converter materials for converting incident x-radiation or gamma radiation into optical radiation and are designed in such a way that optical radiation of different wavelength is generated in respectively neighboring regions along the waveguide sections upon incidence of x-radiation or gamma radiation. The present detector module, in at least one embodiment, can be implemented cost effectively with a high number of detector rows, and is of very low weight.

公开(公告)号：US20050133725A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-23

申请号：US11029612

申请日：2005-01-04

Applicant: Haochuan Jiang ,  David Hoffman ,  James Vartuli

Inventor： Haochuan Jiang ,  David Hoffman ,  James Vartuli

IPC: G01T1/20 ,  A61B6/03 ,  C09K11/00 ,  C09K11/08 ,  C09K11/80 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G01T1/00 ,  G01T1/164 ,  G01T1/202 ,  G01T1/29 ,  G01T5/08 ,  G21K1/02 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/09 ,  G21K1/12 ,  A61B6/00 ,  G01J1/00 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G01T1/24 ,  H05G1/60

CPC classification number: G01T1/2985 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4233 ,  G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419 ,  G01T1/1644 ,  G01T1/201 ,  G21K1/02

Abstract: The present invention is a directed to a non-pixelated scintillator array for a CT detector as well as an apparatus and method of manufacturing same. The scintillator array is comprised of a number of ceramic fibers or single crystal fibers that are aligned in parallel with respect to one another. As a result, the pack has very high dose efficiency. Furthermore, each fiber is designed to direct light out to a photodiode with very low scattering loss. The fiber size (cross-sectional diameter) may be controlled such that smaller fibers may be fabricated for higher resolution applications. Moreover, because the fiber size can be controlled to be consistent throughout the scintillator array and the fibers are aligned in parallel with one another, the scintillator array, as a whole, also is uniform. Therefore, precise alignment with the photodiode array or the collimator assembly is not necessary.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于CT检测器的非像素化闪烁体阵列以及其制造方法。 闪烁体阵列包括相对于彼此平行对准的多个陶瓷纤维或单晶纤维。 因此，该包装具有非常高的剂量效率。 此外，每个光纤被设计成将光引导到具有非常低的散射损耗的光电二极管。 可以控制纤维尺寸（横截面直径），使得可以制造更小的纤维用于更高分辨率的应用。 此外，由于可以将整个闪烁体阵列的纤维尺寸控制为一致，并且纤维彼此平行排列，所以闪烁体阵列整体上也是均匀的。 因此，不需要与光电二极管阵列或准直器组件的精确对准。