Abstract:
A heat exchange system includes an electrode configured to electrostatically control a flow of a heated gas stream in the vicinity of a heat transfer surface and/or a heat-sensitive surface.
Abstract:
A such as a furnace or boiler includes a perforated reaction holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
Abstract:
A burner supporting primary and secondary combustion reactions may include a primary combustion reaction actuator configured to select a location of the secondary combustion reaction. A burner may include a lifted flame holder structure configured to support a secondary combustion reaction above a partial premixing region. The secondary flame support location may be selected as a function of a turndown parameter. Selection logic may be of arbitrary complexity.
Abstract:
According to an embodiment, an electrode system for a burner may include a thermally coupled electrode configured to apply an electric field to a region corresponding to a flame or combustion gas produced by the flame and to receive heat from the flame or the combustion gas. A cooling apparatus may be operatively coupled to the thermally coupled electrode and configured to remove the heat received by the electrode from the flame or the combustion gas. According to another embodiment, a method of cooling an electrode subject to heating by a flame or a combustion gas produced by the flame may include applying an electric field to a flame or combustion gas produced by the flame with an electrode.
Abstract:
A charge electrode configured to impart a time-varying majority charge on a flame and a shape electrode located outside the flame may be driven synchronously by a voltage source through time varying voltage(s). The flame may be flattened or compressed responsive to an electric field produced by the shape electrode acting on the charges imparted on the flame.
Abstract:
A combustion system such as a furnace or boiler includes a perforated reaction holder configured to hold a combustion reaction that produces very low oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
Abstract:
A perforated flame holder and burner including a perforated flame holder provides reduced oxides of nitrogen (NOx) during operation. The perforated flame holder includes a pattern of elongated apertures extending between a proximal and a distal surface of the flame holder relative to a fuel nozzle. The perforated flame holder can provide a significantly reduced flame height while maintaining heat output from the burner.