公开(公告)号：US3901729A

公开(公告)日：1975-08-26

申请号：US40105573

申请日：1973-09-26

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： DUDDY JOSEPH C

IPC: H01M6/50 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M10/52 ,  H01M1/08

CPC classification number: H01M6/5005 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M10/52

Abstract: A storage battery cell has positive and negative plates flooded by electrolyte. When the battery is charged, gas bubbles are produced in the electrolyte. Baffles are arranged to segregate the hydrogen gas bubbles evolved by a portion of the negative plates from oxygen bubbles formed by the positive plates. A hydrogen gas consuming electrode is submerged in the electrolyte and is located so that a stream of hydrogen bubbles impinges thereon. The gas electrode produces an electric current as a result of the presence of hydrogen and the current is approximately proportional to the quantity of gas impinging on the electrode. When the cell reaches a fully charged state, there is a rapid increase in the rate of gas evolution from the negative plate. This causes a similar increase in the current produced by the electrode. A current sensitive device is used to monitor the current flow and initiate a charge termination sequence when the battery reaches a fully charged state as indicated by the gas electrode. An oxygen consuming electrode may be arranged in a similar fashion to sense the oxygen evolution of the positive plates. A pre-selected rise in current flow from positive gas electrode to negative gas electrode can likewise be used to indicate that both positive and negative plates are fully charged.

公开(公告)号：US3877993A

公开(公告)日：1975-04-15

申请号：US42001573

申请日：1973-11-29

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： DAVIS STUART M

IPC: H01M6/06 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M6/04 ,  H01M21/00

CPC classification number: H01M4/628 ,  H01M6/04

Abstract: To a galvanic cell comprising a metallic anode, a depolarizer type cathode and an electrolyte is added a polymerized quaternary ammonium salt having at least two methyl groups and having a molecular weight between about 2,000 and about 100,000. Typical addition agents are: 1. POLY DIMETHYL DIALLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE; 2. CO-POLYMERIZED DIMETHYL DIALLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE AND ACRYLAMIDE; 3. CO-POLYMERIZED DIMETHYL DIALLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE AND DIACETONE ACRYLAMIDE; 4. CO-POLYMERIZED DIMETHYL DIALLYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE AND METHYL DODECYL-AMMONIUM CHLORIDE; 5. POLYVINYL BENZYL TRIMETHYL AMMONIUM CHLORIDE. The addition agent reduces the stand deterioration of the negative plates and improves the heavy drain performance of the battery.

Abstract translation: 向包含金属阳极，去极化型阴极和电解质的电池中加入具有至少两个甲基并且分子量在约2,000和约100,000之间的聚合季铵盐。 典型的添加剂是：

公开(公告)号：US3877984A

公开(公告)日：1975-04-15

申请号：US46352074

申请日：1974-04-24

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： WERTH JOHN J

IPC: H01M4/58 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M35/00

CPC classification number: H01M10/39

Abstract: A secondary battery utilizing a molten alkali metal negative reactant, a metal chloride positive reactant, a molten alkali metal chloraluminate electrolyte and a selectively-ionicallyconductive separator positioned between the negative and the positive reactants.

Abstract translation: 使用熔融碱金属阴性反应物的二次电池，金属氯化物阳性反应物，熔融碱金属氯铝酸盐电解质和位于阴性和正性反应物之间的选择性离子导电隔离物。

公开(公告)号：US3862451A

公开(公告)日：1975-01-28

申请号：US40462073

申请日：1973-10-09

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： MILLER ROY H ,  BOYER CHARLES J ,  BOHNER WILLIAM R

IPC: A61F11/14 ,  A41D21/00

CPC classification number: A61F11/14

Abstract: A hearing protector is mounted on a resilient headband by means of a stud passing loosely through a hole in the headband. Hemispherically shaped positioning pieces located on the stud on either side of the headband and held on the stud by a nut provide a free fitting support for the hearing protector.

Abstract translation: 听力保护器通过松动地穿过头带中的孔的螺柱安装在弹性头带上。 位于头带两侧的螺柱上的半球形定位件由螺母固定在螺柱上，为听力保护器提供了一个自由的安装支架。

公开(公告)号：US3853623A

公开(公告)日：1974-12-10

申请号：US38475273

申请日：1973-08-01

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： DAVIS S

IPC: H01M6/06 ,  H01M4/54 ,  H01M6/04 ,  H01M35/02

CPC classification number: H01M4/54 ,  H01M6/04

Abstract: An alkaline battery having a divalent silver oxide (AgO) positive active material (cathode) in which gold ions are incorporated into the alkaline electrolyte on the positive side of the battery separator or barrier or added to the positive active material. The gold additive improves the stability of the divalent silver oxide (AgO) active material in the aqueous alkaline electrolyte without adversely affecting the electrochemical reactions during the discharge of the battery. The additive is present in the battery in amounts ranging from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of silver in the divalent silver oxide positive active material. It is preferred that the divalent silver oxide active material contain at least 50% by weight of divalent silver oxide (AgO) with the balance of the active material comprising monovalent silver oxide (Ag2O) and metallic silver. The gold additive may be combined with other additives and has been found to be particularly effective in some batteries when combined with mercury and incorporated into either the positive active material or the electrolyte on the positive side of the separator.

Abstract translation: 具有二价氧化银（AgO）正极活性物质（阴极）的碱性电池，其中金离子被引入到电池隔板或屏障的正极侧的碱性电解质中或添加到正极活性物质中。 金添加剂改善了碱性电解液中二价氧化银（AgO）活性物质的稳定性，而不会对电池放电期间的电化学反应产生不利影响。 在二价氧化银正极活性物质中，添加剂以约0.1至约10重量％的银的量存在于电池中。 优选二价氧化银活性物质含有至少50重量％的二价氧化银（AgO），剩余的活性物质包含一价氧化银（Ag 2 O）和金属银。 金添加剂可以与其他添加剂组合，并且已经发现在与汞组合时在一些电池中特别有效并且并入正极活性材料或隔膜正极上的电解质中。

公开(公告)号：US3811956A

公开(公告)日：1974-05-21

申请号：US30301872

申请日：1972-11-02

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： REINERT D

IPC: H01M2/08 ,  H01M1/02

CPC classification number: H01M2/08

Abstract: A galvanic cell and battery sealant is described in which the sealant between container and cover has a permanent foam structure. The sealant may be any of the available sealant materials known to the art, having the properties of adherence, foamability, permanence and inertness to the battery electrolyte. The foamed sealant is equally suitable for batteries closed by sealant alone without a cover. Typical sealant materials are foamed epoxy, foamed phenolic, foamed furan and foamed polyester. The density of the foamed material may be chosen to be between 2 and 50 lbs. per cubic ft. A method for sealing galvanic batteries and cells also form a part of the invention. The foam sealant is readily removeable for battery repair.

公开(公告)号：US3787308A

公开(公告)日：1974-01-22

申请号：US3787308D

申请日：1972-02-16

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： MALASPINA F ,  AKER W ,  WERTH J

IPC: G01N27/49 ,  G01N27/46

CPC classification number: G01N27/404

Abstract: A comparator element for gaseous oxygen comprises a first and a second oxygen-inert metal electrochemical cell. The first cell is fed with an oxygen containing gas of known oxygen content and the second cell is fed with a gas of unknown oxygen content. The design of the electrochemical cells is such that their electrical resistance when current is passed therethrough is inversely proportional to the oxygen content of the feed gas over a useful range. By comparing the resistances of the two cells, an accurate determination of the oxygen content of the unknown gas may be made with self compensation for ambient temperature. The range of the instrument may be increased by restricting the flow of gas to the oxygen electrodes. This may be accomplished by flowing the gas through a diffusion membrane and an orifice. Oxygen evolved from the metal electrode of the standard cell may be used to feed the oxygen electrode of the same cell thus providing a self sustaining standard atmosphere. The comparator may be compensated for pressure by providing pressure equalizing means between the gas feed to the first cell and the gas feed to the second.

Abstract translation: 用于气态氧的比较元件包括第一和第二氧惰性金属电化学电池。 向第一个电池中加入已知氧含量的含氧气体，第二个电池供给未知氧含量的气体。 电化学电池的设计使得当电流通过时它们的电阻与进料气体在有用范围内的氧含量成反比。 通过比较两个电池的电阻，可以对环境温度进行自补偿，对未知气体的氧含量进行精确测定。 可以通过限制气体向氧电极的流动来增加仪器的范围。 这可以通过使气体流过扩散膜和孔而实现。 可以使用从标准电池的金属电极放出的氧气来供给相同电池的氧电极，从而提供自我维持的标准气氛。 比较器可以通过在第一电池的气体供给和第二电池的气体供给之间提供压力均衡装置来补偿压力。

公开(公告)号：US3775188A

公开(公告)日：1973-11-27

申请号：US3775188D

申请日：1971-08-27

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： OLTMAN J ,  GEVERDINCK W ,  TRONIK M

IPC: H01M6/46 ,  H01M1/02

CPC classification number: H01M6/46 ,  Y10T29/49112

Abstract: A method of constructing multicell batteries utilizes a continuous web comprising a plurality of structurally connected continuous Zones at least one of which comprises a continuous strip of metal. Deposits of electrodes are placed along the Zones of the continuous web after which the web is cut to structurally disconnect the continuous Zones from each other. Pockets are then indented in a Zone comprising a continuous strip of metal, the indenting being done in a manner which results in the pocketed Zone having the same relative longitudinal length after the indenting as it had before the indenting. Finally, the pocketed Zone is collated into an assembly of battery components which includes at least one other continuous Zone from the web. The indenting may be preceded by the cutting of a slit partially across the Zone to be pocketed, in which case the width of the slits is increased but the center lines of the slits remain in fixed relative longitudinal position by the indenting action. The method is applicable both to webs having metal and plastic laminations and to all metal webs.

Abstract translation: 一种构建多电池电池的方法利用连续的幅材，其包括多个结构连接的连续区域，其中至少一个包括连续的金属条带。 沿着连续幅材的区域放置电极沉积物，然后将纤维网切割以在结构上将连续区域彼此断开。 然后将口袋缩进在包含连续的金属条带的区域中，所述凹口以导致凹陷区域在凹陷之后具有与压痕之前相同的相对纵向长度的方式进行。 最后，将包装的区域整理成电池组件的组件，其中包括至少一个来自网的其它连续区域。

公开(公告)号：US3770505A

公开(公告)日：1973-11-06

申请号：US3770505D

申请日：1972-02-25

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： YOUNGQUIST J ,  KENYON K ,  MACAULAY W ,  BERGUM B ,  BILHORN J

IPC: H01M4/04 ,  H01M6/48 ,  H01M39/06

CPC classification number: H01M4/0404 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/0419 ,  H01M4/0421 ,  H01M6/48

Abstract: Duplex electrodes are constructed by placing intermittent deposits of positive and negative electrodes on opposite sides of a continuous, electrically conductive plastic carrier strip. The duplex electrodes are then assembled into multicell batteries. The assembly preferably occurs while the duplex electrodes are structurally and electrically connected by the continuous plastic carrier strip after which the carrier strip is subsequently cut between duplex electrodes to obtain structurally and electrically unconnected batteries. Alternatively, the carrier strip may be cut between duplex electrodes before those electrodes are assembled into multicell batteries.

Abstract translation: 双相电极通过将正极和负极的间歇沉积物放置在连续的导电塑料载体条的相对侧上而构成。 然后将双面电极组装成多电池电池。 组合件优选地在双相电极通过连续塑料载体条带在结构上和电气上连接的情况下发生，然后在双极电极之间切割载体带以获得结构上和电气上未连接的电池。 或者，可以在将这些电极组装成多节电池之前，在双电极之间切割载体条。

公开(公告)号：US3726703A

公开(公告)日：1973-04-10

申请号：US3726703D

申请日：1970-11-04

Applicant: ESB INC

Inventor： DORNTE R

IPC: C03C17/32 ,  C08G73/02 ,  C08J7/04 ,  C09K3/18

CPC classification number: C08J7/047 ,  C03C17/32 ,  C08G73/0213 ,  C08J2479/00 ,  C09K3/18 ,  Y10T428/31507 ,  Y10T428/31511 ,  Y10T428/31551 ,  Y10T428/31942

Abstract: A non-fogging material is provided by applying a transparent non-fogging coating to a normally fogging transparent or reflecting substrate. The non-fogging coating comprises a highly cross-linked alkylene imine polymer. The polyalkylene imine may be further modified by an adhesion promoter through reaction with the amine hydrogens of the polyimine. The non-fogging articles include goggles - safety and ski, bathroom mirrors, windows, boat windshields, packages, eye-glasses and gas masks.

Abstract translation: 通过将透明的无雾涂层施加到通常起雾的透明或反射基板上来提供不起雾的材料。 不起雾的涂层包含高度交联的亚烷基亚胺聚合物。 聚亚烷基亚胺可以通过与聚亚胺的胺氢反应而被粘合促进剂进一步修饰。 不起雾的物品包括护目镜 - 安全和滑雪，浴室镜子，窗户，船只挡风玻璃，包装，眼镜和防毒面具。