Abstract:
A substantially water-free hydrocarbon feed is charged to a multiple-reactor reformer system being operated under reforming conditions and comprising at least two reformer reactors (20), (40), and (54) serially connected in fluid-flow communication and each containing a reformer catalyst; and, simultaneously with the charging step, a chloriding agent is sequentially introduced in lines (72), (74), and (76), without simultaneously introducing water, immediately upstream from the inlets of all the reformer reactors in an amount and for a period of time that are effective to inhibit the deactivation of the reformer catalyst.
Abstract:
A method for inhibiting external corrosion on an insulated pipeline (10) including a pipe (12) and a coating material (16) around the pipe (10) by positioning an alkaline material in the coating material (16).
Abstract:
A catalyst is prepared by creating a catalyst solution by combining an aluminoxane with a group 4-6 metallocene having a substituent which has olefinic unsaturation in a suitable ligand to form a liquid catalyst, conducting prepolymerization of an olefin on the liquid catalyst, and separating the resulting solid metallocene-containing catalyst from the reaction mixture, wherein the prepolymerization is conducted below 15 DEG C at a constant temperature and/or the resulting solid metallocene-containing catalyst is combined with a particulate polyethylene. Polymerization of olefins using the inventive solid catalyst is also disclosed.
Abstract:
In a cryogenic condensation scheme used for benzene removal in a process for liquefying natural gas, two series connected separation columns (10, 12) are provided with a feedstream (44) precooled in a heat exchanger (16) to a temperature that will at least condense the benzene component. In the first column (50), benzene is absorbed and vapor/liquid is separated with the liquid passed to the second column (60). The second column (60) provides an overhead vapor stream (68) conserved for processing to LNG, and a bottom stream comprising NGL. The cooling for condensation of gaseous feed in the heat exchanger is controlled by automatically manipulating bypass flow (38) around the heat exchanger responsive to measured vapor flow (80) from the second separation column. Accordingly, the amount of liquid (36) condensed is responsive to the flow rate of vapor withdrawn overhead from the second separation column.
Abstract:
In multistage refrigeration compression (10), where liquid refrigerant withdraw from a core-in-shell type heat exchanger (40) connected to a high compression stage (16) is passed to a similar exchanger (70) connected to a lower compression stage (14), liquid level stability in the higher compression stage exchanger (40) is improved by providing an enlarged surge volume. A baffle plate (50) transversing a lower portion of the shell divides the shell into a cooling zone that contains the cores, and a discharge zone that is part of the surge volume. The height of the baffle is selected to facilitate maintenance of at least a minimum functional liquid level in the shell. Liquid refrigerant withdrawn from the discharge zone of the high-stage shell is supplied to the cooling zone of a shell connected to a lower compression stage. The liquid level in the shell is maintained by manipulating flow to liquid refrigerant that is flashed into the cooling zone of the higher compression stage shell.
Abstract:
A thermal cracking process is provided which comprises contacting a thermal cracking furnace with a fluid stream which comprises steam and a polysulfide such as di-t-nonylpolysulfide under a condition sufficient to effect the suppression of the formation of carbon monoxide and thereafter introducing a steam fluid containing a saturated hydrocarbon such as ethane and a polysulfide such as di-t-nonylpolysulfide under a condition sufficient to convert the saturated hydrocarbon to an olefinic compound such as ethylene.
Abstract:
The whiteness and stability after processing of a polyolefin have been found to be improved upon the addition of a combination of at least one high activity phosphite and at least one hydrolytically stable phosphite.
Abstract:
Attrition resistant, sorbent compositions for the removal of elemental sulfur and sulfur compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide and organic sulfides, from cracked-gasoline and diesel fuels are prepared by the impregnation of a sorbent support comprising zinc oxide, expanded perlite, and alumina with a promoter such as nickel, nickel oxide or a precursor of nickel oxide followed by reduction of the valence of the promoter metal in the resulting promoter metal sorbent support composition.
Abstract:
A method and/or apparatus for efficiently operating a combustion device including at least one control zone, with each control zone including at least one burner assembly, is disclosed and includes a) individually supplying fuel to each of the burner assemblies in each of the control zones, b) individually measuring a separate combustion characteristic of the collective combusted gas from each of the burner assemblies in each of the control zones, and c) individually adjusting the flow of air to each of the burner assemblies in response to the value of the combustion characteristic corresponding to each of the control zones to keep the value of each separate combustion characteristic within a predetermined range. In a preferred embodiment, primary air and secondary air are separately supplied and controlled to each of the burner assemblies in each of the control zones in response to the value of the combustion characteristic corresponding to each of the control zones.