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    Cationic polymers
    33.
    发明专利
    Cationic polymers 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB976547A

    公开(公告)日：1964-11-25

    申请号：GB4415262

    申请日：1962-11-22

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： POHLEMANN HEINZ ,  SPOOR HERBERT ,  SCHICKH OTTO VON

    IPC: C09J139/04 ,  D21H11/06 ,  D21H17/45 ,  D21H21/16 ,  G05B19/04 ,  G05B19/08 ,  G11C17/06 ,  H04Q5/24 ,  H05K7/02

    Abstract: 1-vinyl-2-methylimidazoline is prepared by dissolving hot 2-methylimidazoline in toluene, adding about 3% potassium to the solution and treating the mixture in a pressure vessel with a mixture of acetylene and nitrogen at about 120 DEG C. until the absorption of acetylene has ceased. Distillation off of the toluene leaves 1-vinyl-2-methylimidazoline of boiling point 83 DEG C. to 86 DEG C. at 20 mm.Hg.ALSO:Cationic polymers are prepared by polymerizing a compound of formula or where R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl having one to twelve carbon atoms, R2 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having one to four carbon atoms and may be different or different carbon atoms in the same molecule, R3 is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic monovalent hydrocarbon radical which may be interrupted by one or more hetero atoms, A is an acid anion and n is 2, 3 or 4, either alone, or admixed with each other or with other ethylenically unsaturated compounds. Vinylimidazolines are specified examples of compounds of Formula I. Comonomers specified are styrene, alpha-methyl styrene, vinyl toluene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-alkyl or N-methylolacrylamides or methacrylamides, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acids, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, N-vinyl pyrrolidone or vinylimidazole, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, butadiene, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, vinyl sulphonic acid, styrene sulphonic acid, and fumaric and maleic acids, esters, amides or nitriles. The polymerization may take place by bulk, solution, precipitation or emulsion techniques using free radical initiators such as peroxides, hydroperoxides, peracids, persalts and azodisobutyronitrile together with the usual activators, or by irradiation or with Friedel-Crafts catalysts. Cationic or non-ionic emulsifiers may be present in emulsion polymerization together with protective colloids. Examples disclose the copolymers (1) and (2) vinyl methyl imidazole (VM)-acrylamide (3) acrylamide-VM quaternised with dimethyl sulphate (VMQ) (4) (a) butyl acrylate-t-butyl acrylate-VM (b) vinyl propionate -nbutyl acrylate-VMQ (c) n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-VM hydrochloride (d) styrene-isobutyl acrylate-VM hydrochloride (e) t-butyl acrylate-n-butyl acrylate VMQ (f) methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-VM hydrochloride and (5) acrylamide-N-vinyl tetrahydropyrimidine.

    Copolymers for use as binders in paper coating compositions
    38.
    发明专利
    Copolymers for use as binders in paper coating compositions 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB1092673A

    公开(公告)日：1967-11-29

    申请号：GB879665

    申请日：1965-03-02

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： WESSLAU HERMANN ,  POHLEMANN HEINZ ,  SPOOR HERBERT ,  ADDICKS GUENTHER ,  REINBOLD IMMO

    IPC: D21H19/58

    Abstract: Binders for paper-coating compositions comprise a mixture in aqueous dispersion of: (a) 95 to 60% by weight of a copolymer A having a glass temperature of from - 60 DEG to + 20 DEG C. and derived from 40-70% by weight styrene, 30-60% of an acrylate and/or methacrylate ester of a C2-C12 aliphatic alcohol and 0-10% of at least one other ethylenically unsaturated compound, and (b) 5 to 40% by weight of a copolymer B derived from 15-55% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, 2-6% of acrylamide and/or methacrylamide and 85-45% of at least one other ethylenically unsaturated compound which forms a water-insoluble homopolymer, of which at least 20% by weight (with reference to these other compounds) is one or more acrylate and/or methacrylate esters of a C1-C4 aliphatic alcohol. The optional monomer components of copolymer A include acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid and amides, substituted amides and hemi esters of such acids, vinyl sulphonic acid and p-styrene sulphonic acid. Monomer components (forming water-insoluble homopolymers) which may be incorporated in copolymer B, in addition to the essential (meth)-acrylate esters, include corresponding esters of alcohols with more than 4 carbon atoms, styrene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl esters, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. For use as paper-coating compositions, the binders are mixed with fillers or pigments, e.g. clay or titanium dioxide, and other optional components, e.g. sodium polyacrylate, and adjuste to neutral or alkaline pH by treatment with an alkali. In an example, (A) styrene, n-butyl acrylate, acrylic acid and sodium vinyl sulphonate are polymerized in aqueous emulsion using potassium persulphate catalyst, and (B) ethyl acrylate, acrylic acid and acrylamide are polymerized in aqueous emulsion using potassium persulphate catalyst and in the presence of dodecyl mercaptan.ALSO:Neutral or alkaline paper coating compositions comprise a pigment or filler, e.g. clay or titanium dioxide, suspended in a binder comprising an aqueous dispersion of (a) 95 to 60% by weight of a copolymer derived from styrene, an acrylate and/or methacrylate ester of a C2-C12 aliphatic alcohol and optionally at least one other ethylenically unsaturated compound, e.g. acrylic acid, sodium vinyl sulphonate and/or acrylonitrile, and 5 to 40% by weight of a copolymer derived from acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, acrylamide and/or methacrylamide and at least one other ethylenically unsaturated compound which forms a water-insoluble homopolymer, of which at least 20% by weight of these other compounds is one or more acrylate and/or methacrylate esters of C1-C4 aliphatic alcohol (acrylonitrile may also be included, for example, in said other compounds). The coating compositions may include other components, e.g. sodium polyacrylate. Paper can be coated with the compositions by known methods such as roller coating or with a blade coater.

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