Abstract:
Provided is an apparatus for nitriding a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet which is very useful in obtaining excellent magnetic properties with no variation, that enables generating glow discharge between positive electrodes and negative electrodes disposed in a nitriding zone and irradiating the generated plasma to a strip to perform appropriate nitriding.
Abstract:
Provided is a friction stir spot welded joint having high cross tensile strength even in the case where a steel sheet having a soft surface layer is used as a material to be welded. An annular groove is formed on an upper surface of an upper sheet out of overlapping steel sheets, and a shape and hardness of a welded portion are appropriately controlled simultaneously.
Abstract:
Provided is a friction stir spot welded joint having high joint strength even in the case where a high strength steel sheet, particularly a steel sheet with a tensile strength (TS) of 980 MPa or more, is used as a material to be welded. An annular groove is formed on an upper surface of an upper sheet out of overlapping steel sheets, and a shape, microstructure, and hardness of a welded portion are appropriately controlled simultaneously.
Abstract:
A friction joining element for mechanically joining a sheet set prepared by stacking two or more metal sheets including a high strength steel sheet as an upper sheet. The friction joining element includes a mandrel having an overall length adjusted to be equal to or less than the total thickness of the sheet set, and a collar disposed at an upper portion of the mandrel. The friction joining element has a screw thread on a side surface of a head-side portion of the mandrel.
Abstract:
To provide a galvanized steel sheet having high strength, specifically, a tensile strength of 1,150 MPa or more, and excellent resistance spot weldability, a base steel sheet has a defined chemical composition, an amount of diffusible hydrogen in the base steel sheet is 0.20 mass ppm or less, and surface roughness Ra of the galvanized steel sheet is 0.6 μm or less.
Abstract:
In performing friction element welding of a sheet set constituted by two or more metal sheets, an element is press penetrated into the sheet set. The element may include a round columnar mandrel; a disc-shaped collar provided at an upper end face of the mandrel; and a conical pin extending from a lower end face of the mandrel. The element has a plurality of fluidized-metal discharge grooves arranged spirally in a flat area of the lower end face of the mandrel, the flat area excluding the pin. Alternatively, the element may include a round columnar mandrel having a lower end face that forms a conical face with an apical angle αm, the conical face having one or more pairs of chippings discharge grooves or having a plurality of cutting edges, the chippings discharge grooves each extending in a curved manner from an apex of the conical face.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a galvannealed steel sheet including: a Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet containing Si in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 3.0 mass % or less; an Fe-based electroplating layer formed on at least one surface of the Si-containing cold-rolled steel sheet; and a galvannealed layer formed on the Fe-based electroplating layer, in which in an intensity profile measured by glow discharge optical emission spectrometry, ISi,Fe/ISi,bulk is 0.30 or more, and an average value of C concentration in a region ranging from 10 μm to 20 μm in the thickness direction from the interface between the galvannealed layer and the Fe-based electroplating layer towards the Fe-based electroplating layer is 0.10 mass % or less.
Abstract:
Provided are an arc welded joint and an arc welding method. The arc welded joint has a slag-coverage area ratio SRATIO (%) of 15% or less, and a weld bead width ratio WRATIO (%) of 60% or more. The SRATIO is calculated by using an equation SRATIO=100×SSLAG/SBEAD. In this equation, an area of a surface of a weld bead formed by performing arc welding on a steel sheet is defined as a weld bead surface area SBEAD (mm2) and, of the weld bead surface area SBEAD, an area of a region covered with slag is defined as a slag surface area SSLAG (mm2). The WRATIO is calculated by using an equation WRATIO=100×WMIN/WMAX from a maximum value WMAX (mm) and a minimum value WMIN (mm) of a weld bead width in a direction perpendicular to a welding line of the weld bead.
Abstract:
Provided is a resistance spot welding method wherein main current passage includes two or more electrode force application steps including a first electrode force application step and a second electrode force application step following the first electrode force application step, an electrode force F1 in the first electrode force application step and an electrode force F2 in the second electrode force application step in the main current passage satisfy a relationship F1
Abstract:
Disclosed is a steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition and a steel microstructure that contains, in area ratio, 15% or more and 55% or less of polygonal ferrite and 15% or more and 30% or less of martensite, and that contains, in volume fraction, 12% or more of retained austenite, in which the polygonal ferrite, the martensite, and the retained austenite have a mean grain size of 4 μm or less, 2 μm or less, and 2 μm or less, respectively, and each have a mean grain aspect ratio of 2.0 or less, and in which a value obtained by dividing an Mn content in the retained austenite in mass % by an Mn content in the polygonal ferrite in mass % equals 2.0 or more.