Abstract:
An ionising radiation detector comprising a chamber (1) filled with a noble gas and provided with an internal proportional counter (2) defining, between itself and an upper wall of the chamber, an absorption region (A) in which the radiation is ionised. The proportional counter comprises at least one anode (6) and at least one cathode (5) that are parallel to one another and separated by a layer of insulating material (7). Both the cathode and the layer of insulating material include at least one through-hole (8) in which a substantially uniform electric field is provided to form a region where electrons produced by the ionisation of the radiation are multiplied. Said detector is useful in medical imaging, biology, crystallography and particle physics.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne des détecteurs de rayonnements ionisants (rayons X et gamma, électrons, protons, particules alpha, etc., ainsis que neutrons) du type compteur de scintillations proportionnel à gaz. Pour la détection de rayons X, la variante préférée consiste en un détecteur, rempli de xénon très pur à la pression atmosphérique, doté d'une fenêtre de rayonnement de 2,5 cm de diamètre (1) et d'une grille à rayon de courbure sphérique de 2 cm (2) dont les bords sont placés à 0,8 com d'une grille plane qui est disposée au contact ou près d'un photomultiplicateur (4). Ce dernier présente une sensibilité uniforme dans la zone de longueur d'onde des 170 nm. Ce détecteur présente une résolution énergétique de 8,0 % pour des rayons X de 5,9 keV.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un détecteur gazeux de rayons X pour l'analyse de la matière par étude de la diffraction des rayons X. Pour minimiser les erreurs de parallaxe sans utiliser d'électrodes auxiliaires sphériques difficiles à fabriquer, on propose d'engendrer un champ radial dans tout l'espace gazeux (40) uniquement à l'aide d'électrodes d'entrée (36) portées à des potentiels appropriés et à l'aide d'électrodes latérales (44) également portées individuellement à des potentiels appropriés. Par modification des potentiels on peut déplacer le centre des équipotentielles sphériques pour permettre l'analyse sans erreur de parallaxe d'échantillons (20) placés à des distances (D) variables de la fenêtre d'entrée (32) du détecteur.
Abstract:
L'invention concerne un détecteur à localisation de rayon nement électromagnétique. Le détecteur comprend deux supports isolants (44, 46) en forme de demi-cylindres, pourvus sur leur paroi cylindrique d'un filetage de faible pas, lesdits supports étant fixés par leurs extrémités sur une carcasse de montage (40) qui les maintient écartés et parallèles, avec leur paroi cyiindrique tournée vers l'extérieur, un fil de cathode (60) étant bobiné autour du file tage desdits supports et un fil d'anode étant tendu à l'intérieur du bobinage, entre deux bornes portées par la carcasse. Application à l'analyse des structures atomiques en cris tallographie, en métallurgie et en chimie biologique.
Abstract:
A radiation detection element includes a base material, a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, a fourth electrode, a fifth electrode, a first external terminal, a second external terminal, a third external terminal, and a fourth external terminal. Each of the first external terminal, the second external terminal, the third external terminal, and the fourth external terminal is a solder ball, and the first external terminal, the second external terminal, the third external terminal, and the fourth external terminal are insulated from each other. A region provided on the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, the fourth electrode, and the fifth electrode overlaps at least one of the first external terminal, the second external terminal, the third external terminal, and the fourth external terminal in a view vertical to the first surface side of the base material.
Abstract:
A radiation detector using gas amplification, includes: an insulator having a first surface and a second surface positioned at a back surface side of the first surface; a first electrode layer that is provided on the first surface of the insulator and has a circular opening portion; a pixel electrode positioned inside the opening portion; a second electrode layer provided on the second surface of the insulator; and a via hole conductor that has one end surface thereof bonded to the second electrode layer through the interior of the insulator and has the other end surface thereof bonded to the pixel electrode, in which at least a part of the other end surface side of the via hole conductor exhibits a column or truncated cone shape and an outer diameter of the via hole conductor becomes smallest at the one end surface.
Abstract:
A radioactive gas measurement apparatus comprises: a radiation measurement cell comprising an inlet pipe and a discharge pipe, the radiation measurement cell introducing and discharging a radioactive gas containing a nuclide to be measured and a positron emitter nuclide through the inlet pipe and the discharge pipe; a radiation detector for measuring a radiation generated from the radioactive gas; and a radiation collimator allowing the radiation measurement cell to communicate with the radiation detector and setting a predetermined radiation measurement geometry condition between the radiation measurement cell and the radiation detector. Then, as the predetermined radiation measurement geometry condition, an inner wall area of the radiation measurement cell which the radiation detector views through the radiation collimator is set equal to or less than a half of a total inner wall area of the radiation measurement cell.
Abstract:
A radiographic imaging device includes a gas avalanche detector detecting and locating X-ray or gamma ray ionizing radiation. The detector has a gas enclosure with an admission window for admitting incident X-ray photons; an intermediate plane electrode in the enclosure between and parallel to two end plane electrodes thereby forming an amplification space constituting a conversion space where the photons are convertible into electrical charges made up of primary electrons and corresponding ions; the intermediate electrode being operable at an electrical potential relative to the electrical potentials of the end electrodes suitable for generating an electric field causing multiplication of the electrons by the avalanche phenomenon in the amplification space near the intermediate electrode; one of the end electrodes being a collector electrode for picking up the electrical signals induced by the ions; and said window being level with the amplification space and between the intermediate plane and collector electrodes.