公开(公告)号：US20040135997A1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-15

申请号：US10680583

申请日：2003-10-07

Inventor： Selena Chan ,  Andrew A. Berlin ,  Sunghoon Kwon ,  Narayanan Sundararajan ,  Mineo Yamakawa

IPC: G01J003/44 ,  G01N021/65

CPC classification number: C12Q1/6825 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/658 ,  G01N2021/6439 ,  G01N2021/653 ,  G01N2021/655 ,  G01N2021/656 ,  C12Q2565/632 ,  C12Q2563/155

Abstract: The disclosed methods and apparatus concern Raman spectroscopy using metal coated nanocrystalline porous silicon substrates. Porous silicon substrates may be formed by anodic etching in dilute hydrofluoric acid. A thin coating of a Raman active metal, such as gold or silver, may be coated onto the porous silicon by cathodic electromigration or any known technique. In certain alternatives, the metal coated porous silicon substrate comprises a plasma-oxidized, dip and decomposed porous silicon substrate. The metal-coated substrate provides an extensive, metal rich environment for SERS, SERRS, hyper-Raman and/or CARS Raman spectroscopy. In certain alternatives, metal nanoparticles may be added to the metal-coated substrate to further enhance the Raman signals. Raman spectroscopy may be used to detect, identify and/or quantify a wide variety of analytes, using the disclosed methods and apparatus. In some disclosed methods, Raman spectroscopy may be used to detect nucleotides, purines or pyrimidines at the single molecule level.

Abstract translation: 所公开的方法和装置涉及使用金属涂覆的纳米晶体多孔硅衬底的拉曼光谱。 多孔硅衬底可以通过在稀氢氟酸中的阳极蚀刻形成。 拉曼活性金属如金或银的薄涂层可以通过阴极电迁移或任何已知技术涂覆在多孔硅上。 在某些替代方案中，金属涂覆的多孔硅衬底包括等离子体氧化的，浸渍和分解的多孔硅衬底。 金属涂层的基底为SERS，SERRS，超拉曼和/或CARS拉曼光谱提供了广泛的金属丰富的环境。 在某些替代方案中，可以将金属纳米颗粒加入到金属涂覆的基底中以进一步增强拉曼信号。 使用所公开的方法和装置，可以使用拉曼光谱来检测，鉴定和/或定量各种分析物。 在一些公开的方法中，可以使用拉曼光谱法在单一分子水平检测核苷酸，嘌呤或嘧啶。

公开(公告)号：US20030160955A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-28

申请号：US10345677

申请日：2003-01-16

Inventor： Xiaoliang Sunney Xie ,  Ji-Xin Cheng ,  Andreas Volkmer

IPC: G01J003/44 ,  G01N021/65

CPC classification number: G01N21/65 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N15/1434 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N2015/1006 ,  G01N2021/653

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for detecting a coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) signal from a microscopic sample in an epi-direction. In an embodiment, the system includes at least two sources having a pump source for generating a pump field at the pump frequency, a Stoke source for generating a Stoke field at the Stoke frequency that is different from the pump frequency, optics (64) for directing the pump and Stoke beams (60) in a collinear fashion through a focusing lens (66) toward a common focal spot in a sample (70), and detector optics that images the CARS in epi-direction, which is generated by the interaction of the pump and Stoke fields (60) with the sample (70) and is collected by the same focusing lens (66), towards an epi-detector (78).

Abstract translation: 公开了用于从表面方向检测来自微观样品的相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射（CARS）信号的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，该系统包括至少两个源，其具有用于产生泵频率的泵浦场的泵浦源，用于产生Stoke频率不同于泵浦频率的Stoke场的Stoke源，用于 将泵和Stoke梁（60）以共线的方式通过聚焦透镜（66）朝向样品（70）中的公共焦斑引导，以及检测器光学器件，其通过相互作用产生的外延方向成像CARS 的泵和Stoke磁场（60）与样品（70）并且被相同的聚焦透镜（66）收集到外部探测器（78）。

公开(公告)号：US20030142301A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-31

申请号：US10284382

申请日：2002-10-31

Inventor： Thomas E. Coleman ,  James E. Bruya

IPC: G01J003/44

CPC classification number: G01N33/146 ,  G01N21/65 ,  Y10T436/173076

Abstract: A method is provided for the determination of NO2null and/and NO3null in water by subjecting the water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO2null and/or NO3null based on the Raman spectral measurement. The method has particularly applicability to the determination of such ions in wastewater. The method may also be employed with advantage in the control of processes involving the removal of ammonium ions upon reaction with oxygen.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于通过使水样品在200-240nm的波长范围内进行紫外共振拉曼光谱测定水中NO 2 - 和/和NO 3 - 的方法，并确定NO 2 - 和/或NO 3 - 基于拉曼光谱测量。 该方法特别适用于废水中这种离子的测定。 该方法还可有效地用于控制与氧反应时除去铵离子的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20030076492A1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-24

申请号：US10002680

申请日：2001-10-23

Applicant: Stora Enso North America and SpectraCode, Inc.

Inventor： James E. Bradbury ,  Donald R. Smith ,  Edward R. Grant ,  Philipp Kukura

IPC: G01J003/44

CPC classification number: G01N33/34 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01N2021/656

Abstract: Pulp and/or paper samples are scanned with a Laser Raman Spectroscopic probe, utilizing Raman spectroscopic technology, to generate Raman spectroscopic images of all or selected ones of the constituents and/or contaminants contained in the sample, to compare the same with a library of Raman spectroscopic fingerprints of known constituents and/or contaminants, and to identify and communicate data on all or selected ones of the constituents and/or contaminants for purposes of controlling the paper making process and/or determination of the quality of the paper produced.

Abstract translation: 使用拉曼光谱技术用激光拉曼光谱探针扫描纸浆和/或纸样品，以产生样品中包含的所有或选定的成分和/或污染物的拉曼光谱图像，以将其与 为了控制造纸过程和/或确定所生产的纸张的质量，已知成分和/或污染物的拉曼光谱指纹，以及识别和传送所有成分和/或污染物上的所有或选定的成分和/或污染物的数据。

公开(公告)号：US20030053049A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-20

申请号：US10234418

申请日：2002-09-03

Inventor： Manfred F. Fink ,  Philip L. Varghese

IPC: G01J003/44 ,  G01N021/65

CPC classification number: G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/031 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01N2021/651

Abstract: The methods and apparatus described may be used for the discrimination of two closely spaced spectral lines. In certain embodiments the methods and apparatus may be used for the detection of isotopes and isotopic ratios by Raman spectroscopy. In certain embodiments the conversion of a labeled substrate to a labeled product may be detected. In particular embodiments the conversion of a 13C labeled substrate to a 13C labeled product may be detected. In other embodiment the conversion of 13C urea to 13CO2 is detected. Embodiments described include the diagnostic determination of 13CO2/12CO2 ratio in a test sample.

Abstract translation: 所描述的方法和装置可以用于区分两个紧密间隔的谱线。 在某些实施方案中，方法和装置可用于通过拉曼光谱法检测同位素和同位素比率。 在某些实施方案中，可以检测到标记的底物向标记产物的转化。 在具体实施方案中，可以检测到13C标记的底物转化为13C标记的产物。 在另一个实施方案中，检测到13C尿素转化为13CO2。 所描述的实施例包括测试样品中13CO2 / 12CO2比率的诊断测定。

公开(公告)号：US20030011765A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-16

申请号：US10186104

申请日：2002-06-27

Inventor： Xiaoliang Sunney Xie ,  Ji-Xin Cheng

IPC: G01J003/44

CPC classification number: G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01N2021/653

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for detecting a nonlinear coherent field induced in a microscopic sample. The system includes in an embodiment, a first source for generating a first polarized electromagnetic field at a first frequency and a second source for generating a second polarized electromagnetic field at a second frequency that is different from the first frequency. The system further includes optics for combining the first polarized electromagnetic field and the second polarized electromagnetic field in a collinear fashion such that the difference in polarization angles is null wherein null is not equal to zero. The optics further direct the combined electromagnetic field toward a common focal volume. The system also includes a polarization sensitive detector for detecting a nonlinear coherent field that is generated responsive to the first and second polarized electromagnetic fields in the focal volume.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于检测在微观样品中诱导的非线性相干场的系统和方法。 该系统在一个实施例中包括用于产生第一频率的第一极化电磁场的第一源和用于产生与第一频率不同的第二频率的第二极化电磁场的第二源。 该系统还包括用于以共线方式组合第一极化电磁场和第二极化电磁场的光学器件，使得偏振角的差是phi，其中phi不等于零。 光学器件进一步将组合的电磁场引向公共焦点体积。 该系统还包括用于检测响应于焦点体积中的第一和第二极化电磁场产生的非线性相干场的偏振敏感检测器。

公开(公告)号：US20020150938A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-17

申请号：US10054729

申请日：2002-01-22

Inventor： Katrin Kneipp ,  Harald Kneipp ,  Irving Itzkan ,  Ramachandra R. Dasari ,  Michael S. Feld

IPC: C12Q001/68 ,  G01N033/53 ,  G01J003/44

CPC classification number: G01N21/658 ,  C12Q1/6816 ,  G01N33/5308 ,  C12Q2565/632

Abstract: Surface-enhanced spectroscopy, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy employs aggregates that are of a size that allows easy handling. The aggregates are generally at least about 500 nm in dimension. The aggregates can be made of metal particles of size less than 100 nm, allowing enhanced spectroscopic techniques that operate at high sensitivity. This allows the use of larger, easily-handleable aggregates. Signals are determined that are caused by single analytes adsorbed to single aggregates, or single analytes adsorbed on a surface. The single analytes can be DNA or RNA fragments comprising at least one base.

Abstract translation: 表面增强光谱，如表面增强拉曼光谱法使用尺寸允许容易处理的聚集体。 聚集体的尺寸通常为至少约500nm。 聚集体可以由尺寸小于100nm的金属颗粒制成，允许以高灵敏度操作的增强的光谱技术。 这允许使用更大，易于处理的聚集体。 确定由单一分析物吸附到单个聚集体或吸附在表面上的单一分析物引起的信号。 单一分析物可以是包含至少一个碱基的DNA或RNA片段。

公开(公告)号：US20020135753A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-26

申请号：US09984299

申请日：2001-10-29

Inventor： Wilhelm Maier ,  Matthias Orschel ,  Jens Klein ,  Christian Lettmann ,  Hans Werner Schmidt

IPC: G01N021/00 ,  G01J003/44

CPC classification number: H01J49/04 ,  B01J19/0046 ,  B01J2219/00315 ,  B01J2219/00585 ,  B01J2219/00596 ,  B01J2219/00659 ,  B01J2219/00707 ,  B01J2219/00745 ,  B01J2219/00747 ,  C40B30/08 ,  C40B40/18 ,  C40B60/14 ,  G01N35/0099 ,  Y10T436/11 ,  Y10T436/119163 ,  Y10T436/21 ,  Y10T436/212 ,  Y10T436/214 ,  Y10T436/216 ,  Y10T436/24

Abstract: The invention relates to an automated method for carrying out reactions with high spatial resolution on libraries of different materials and for analysis of the products obtained using a simple robot system and an analyzer, for example a mass spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于在不同材料的文库上执行高空间分辨率的反应的自动化方法，并且用于分析使用简单的机器人系统和分析仪，例如质谱仪获得的产物。

公开(公告)号：US20020105641A1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-08

申请号：US10062081

申请日：2002-01-31

Inventor： Mark S. Anderson

IPC: G01J003/44

CPC classification number: G01J3/44 ,  B82B3/00 ,  G01N21/658 ,  G01Q30/02 ,  Y10S977/863 ,  Y10S977/868

Abstract: An atomic force microscope (AFM) tip is used to selectively produce surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for localized Raman spectroscopy. Spectra of thin films, undetectable with a Raman microprobe spectrometer alone, are readily acquired in contact with a suitably gold-coated AFM tip. Similarly, an AFM tip is used to remove sample layers at the nanometer scale and subsequently serve as a SERS substrate for ultra-trace analysis. This demonstrates the interface of an AFM with a Raman spectrometer that provides increases sensitivity, selectivity and spatial resolution over a conventional Raman microprobe. An AFM guiding the SERS effect has the potential for targeted single molecule spectroscopy.

Abstract translation: 原子力显微镜（AFM）尖端用于选择性地产生用于局部拉曼光谱的表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）。 单独使用拉曼探针光谱仪检测不到的薄膜光谱很容易与适当的镀金AFM尖端接触。 类似地，使用AFM尖端去除纳米级的样品层，随后用作用于超痕量分析的SERS底物。 这表明AFM与拉曼光谱仪的接口，提供了比常规拉曼微探针提高灵敏度，选择性和空间分辨率。 引导SERS效应的AFM具有靶向单分子光谱的潜力。

公开(公告)号：US20020033944A1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-21

申请号：US09947312

申请日：2001-09-05

Applicant: San Diego State University, California corporation

Inventor： Clay Marcus Sharts ,  Vladimir Semenovich Gorelik ,  C. Albert Borgerding

IPC: G01J003/44 ,  G01N021/65

CPC classification number: G01N21/65 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/658 ,  G01N2021/651

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determination of fluoroorganic compounds in liquid, gaseous, or crystalline or amorphous solids is based on the detection of carbon-halogen bonds by laser Raman spectroscopy. The method and apparatus provide a general method for detecting and determination of halooorganic compounds. The method and apparatus are applicable in the pharmaceutical industry, in fluorinated drug research and manufacturing; in the medical and clinical studies of the effects of fluoroorganic compounds; in the environmental and agricultural studies and screening, in the analysis of water, soils and air contaminated with fluoroorganic compounds.

Abstract translation: 用于测定液体，气态或结晶或无定形固体中的氟代有机化合物的方法和装置是基于通过激光拉曼光谱法检测碳 - 卤键。 该方法和装置提供了一种用于检测和测定卤味无机化合物的通用方法。 该方法和装置适用于制药工业，氟化药品研究和制造; 在氟代有机化合物的作用的医学和临床研究中; 在环境和农业研究和筛选中，分析了氟，氟化合物污染的水，土壤和空气。