Abstract:
An article exhibiting flame resistant or flame retardant (FR) property including a fabric that has received a pre-treatment applied dye or print or combinations thereof; and a post-treatment applied FR additive. The fabric includes a primary yarn including a fiber having vapor phase action and a partially aromatic polyamide fiber.
Abstract:
The invention provides a fabric comprising one or more polyesters optionally with other fibers which is treated with a finish comprising at least one fluorochemical stain repellent agent and at least one fluorochemical stain release agent, wherein the fabric maintains oil repellency and stain release capability after at least five industrial launderings at about 55 0C to about 65 0 C. The invention also provides a method of treating a fabric with a finish to impart oil repellency, water repellency, and stain release which is durable to repeated industrial laundering. The invention further provides textile articles comprising the treated fabric, and a method for industrial laundering of such treated fabric and textile articles.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for the production of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid comprising the catalytic oxidation of a hydrocarbon precursor in an organic solvent, wherein said process comprises: (a) separating off-gas generated by said oxidation reaction into an organic solvent-rich liquid stream and a water-rich vapour stream, wherein the water-rich vapour stream comprises organic compounds and non-condensable gases, and wherein said separating is performed in a pressurised distillation stage comprising a first pressurised distillation column and a second pressurised distillation column, and (b) condensing said water-rich vapour stream exiting the pressurised distillation stage into a condensate stream and an overhead gas stream in a condensing stage, characterised in that a first water-rich vapour stream is withdrawn from said first pressurised distillation column and passed to said second pressurised distillation column and a first organic solvent-rich liquid stream is withdrawn from the first pressurised distillation column and returned to the oxidation reaction, wherein said process further comprises the step of monitoring the oxidation reaction by analysing the composition of said first water-rich vapour stream.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for raising steam in a process for the production of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid comprising the catalytic oxidation of a hydrocarbon precursor in an organic solvent, comprising the steps of: i) heating a crude aromatic dicarboxylic acid slurry to form a crude aromatic dicarboxylic acid solution; ii) transferring the crude aromatic dicarboxylic acid solution to a hydrogenation reactor; iii) transferring a purified aromatic dicarboxylic acid solution from the hydrogenation reactor to a series of one or more crystallisers; and iv) transferring heat from a crystalliser vent stream from the series of one or more crystallisers to a water stream in a steam raiser to generate steam. The present invention further provides an apparatus for carrying out the method, and a process for the production of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid incorporating the method.
Abstract:
A continuous process for the manufacture of a polyamide, the process comprising the steps of: (i) flowing a stream A comprising a molten dicarboxylic acid, or a molten dicarboxylic acid-rich mixture comprising a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine, through a first stage and at least one more reaction stage of a vertical multistage reactor, wherein the first stage is at the top of the reactor; (ii) counter-currently flowing a stream B comprising a diamine as either a vapour or a diamine-rich liquid through at least one of the stages below the first reaction stage of said vertical multistage reactor; (iii) accumulating a liquid phase material P comprising polyamide at and/or below the final stage of said reactor; wherein said reactor is equipped with internal features suitable for effecting contact between counter-currently flowing streams A and B; and wherein said process further comprises the step of agitating said liquid phase material P by injecting a gaseous stream C comprising steam, or at least one inert gas, or a mixture of steam and at least one inert gas into the reactor at or below the final stage of the reactor. The invention further provides a vertical multistage reactor configured to implement said process.
Abstract:
A continuous process for the manufacture of a polyamide, the process comprising the steps of: (i)flowing a stream A comprising a moltendicarboxylic acid, or a molten dicarboxylic acid-rich mixture comprising a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine, through a first stage and at least one more reaction stage of a vertical multistage reactor, wherein the first stage is at the top of the reactor; (ii)counter-currently flowing a stream B comprising a diamine as either a vapour or a diamine-rich liquid through at least one of the stages below the first reaction stage of said vertical multistage reactor; (iii)accumulating a liquid phase material P comprising polyamide at and/or below the final stage of said reactor; wherein said reactor is equipped with internal features suitable for effecting contact between counter-currently flowing streams A and B; and wherein the process further comprises controlling the viscosity of said liquid phase material P by directly controlling the chemical equilibrium of the polyamidation reactionor by controlling stream B so that the amounts of diamine and dicarboxylic acid introduced intothe reactorduring the processare stoichiometrically imbalanced. The invention further provides a vertical multistage reactor configured to implement said process.
Abstract:
A method of making a compound of formula (IIa) by selective ozonolysis of a compound of formula (I) is provided, wherein A is a C 6 -C 10 alkene chain with at least one double bond, R 1 is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl, and R 3 is an oxygen-containing functional group.
Abstract:
Disclosed are retrofit processes for retrofitting a polymer production apparatus to produce a plurality of polymer products. The retrofit process may comprise modifying an existing primary manifold to include a retrofit manifold and at least one additive injection apparatus. The retrofit process may also comprise modifying an existing secondary manifold to include an additive injection line and a polymer solidifier in contact with the secondary manifold. The retrofitted polymer production apparatus produces varied finished polymer products from one continuous polymerization reactor.
Abstract:
Disclosed are process controls for controlling the continuous preparation of nylon salt solution. The process controls include feed forward controls. A model is generated to achieve a target pH and/or salt concentration. Feed rates are set for each of a dicarboxylic acid monomer, a diamine monomer, and/or water to a single continuous stirred tank reactor. The dicarboxylic acid is metered, based on weight, from a loss-in-weight feeder to the reactor. At least a portion of the nylon salt solution is sent to a reactor recirculation loop, where the pH and/or salt content are measured. Feedback, e.g., output signals, from the pH and or salt content measurement devices are used to adjust at least one of the feed rates. The nylon salt solution has low variability from a target pH and/or a target salt solution concentration.
Abstract:
The object of the invention is to provide a polyester composition that actively scavenges oxygen, with or without a transition metal catalyst. This was achieved by using a monomer selected from the group consisting of linear difunctional monomers having the general formula: X - (CH 2 ) n -CH=CH-(CH 2 ) m -X' wherein X and X' are each independently selected from the group consisting of OR and COOR, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H and alkyl groups with one or more carbon atoms; and n and m are each independently 1 or more. The preferred monomer is 2-butene-l,4-diol (BEDO), and the preferred polyester is the reaction product of this diol with terephthalic acid to form poly(oxy-2-butene-l,4- diyloxycarbonyl-l,4-phenylenecarbonyl) - PBET. Copolymers of PBET are also within the scope of this invention. The polyester oxygen scavenging composition is then blended with conventional container resin such as polyesters, polyamides or polyolefins to make a container.