Abstract:
A layer system for electrochemical cells comprising at least one fibrous nonwoven fabric (A) formed by fibers of one or more organic polymers or mixtures of organic polymers (A1) wherein (i) the fibrous nonwoven fabric (A) contains a polymer electrolyte (C) comprising (C1) an electrolyte solvent or a mixture of electrolyte solvents, (C2) at least one electrolyte salt, and (C3) at least one organic polymer or polymer mixture, and/or (ii) a second fibrous nonwoven fabric (B) formed by fibers of one or more organic polymers or mixtures of organic polymers (B1) is aligned parallel to (A), wherein (B) may contain a polymer electrolyte (D) comprising (D1) an electrolyte solvent or a mixture of electrolyte solvents, (D2) at least one electrolyte salt, and (D3) at least one organic polymer or polymer mixture.
Abstract:
A process for producing a solvent mixture comprising (A) at least one compound of formula (I) (B) at least one compound of formula (II a) or (II b) (C) optionally at least one additive selected from aromatic compounds, sultones and exo- methylene ethylene carbonates, melamine, urea, organic phosphates and halogenated organic carbonates, (D) optionally at least one lithium salt, and from 3 to 30 weight ppm of water, which process comprises (a) components (A), (B) and, if used, (C) being mixed with one another, (b) dried over at least one ion exchanger or molecular sieve, (c) separated from ion exchanger or, respectively, molecular sieve, and (d) at least one lithium salt, if used, being added, where the variables are defined as follows: R 1 , R 2 are each the same or different and selected from C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, R 3 is selected from hydrogen and C 1 -C 4 -alkyl.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a composition in the form of a solution and/or dispersion, comprising at least one polyazole that has an intrinsic viscosity ranging from 3.0 to 8.0 g/dL, the viscosity being measured in at least 96 percent by weight of sulfuric acid, and orthophosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and/or polyphosphoric acid. Said composition is characterized in that the polyazole content ranges from 0.5 to 30.0 percent by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, the H 3 PO 4 and/or polyphosphoric acid content ranges from 30.0 to 99.5 percent by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and the concentration of the H 3 PO 4 and/or the polyphosphoric acid, calculated as P 2 O 5 (acidimetrically), ranges from 70.5 to 75.45 percent relative to the total amount of H 3 PO 4 and/or polyphosphoric acid and/or water. Particularly suitable methods for producing and using the composition of the invention are also claimed.
Abstract:
An electrolyte composition (A) containing (i) at least one aprotic organic solvent; (ii) at least one conducting salt; (iii) at least one compound of formula (NC)(A1X1)C═C(X2A2)(CN) wherein X1 and X2 are independently from each other selected from N(R′), P(R1), O, and S, and A1 and A2 are selected from H or organic substituents; and electrochemical cells containing electrolyte composition (A).
Abstract:
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing electrochemical cells, preferably lithium-ion cells. The apparatus comprises at least one storage placement position (13, 15, 17, 19), at least one assembly placement position (2, 4), a robot system (3) having a gripper (150), a pipetting machine (5) having a cleaning station, a tool for closing cell stacks, and at least one storage tray having recesses for accommodating components, wherein the total number of recesses is greater than or equal to two, preferably greater than or equal to four, and especially preferably greater than or equal to six. In order to assemble the cells, the individual components E1 to E5 in storage trays are placed onto the storage placement positions and from there are automatically moved to the assembly area and positioned by a gripper. The areas between components E2 and E3 and between E3 and E4 are filled with electrolyte. The characteristic features of the apparatus include the extremely flexible use in regard to the variation of different method parameters, the high throughput, and the low scrap rate of the produced lithium-ion cells.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to sulfur-carbon composite materials comprising (A) at least one carbon composite material comprising (a) a carbonization product of at least one carbonaceous starting material, incorporating (aa) particles of at least one electrically conductive additive, the particles having an aspect ratio of at least 10, and (B) elemental sulfur. In addition, the present invention also relates to a process for producing inventive sulfur-carbon composite materials, to cathode materials for electrochemical cells comprising inventive sulfur- carbon composite materials, to corresponding electrochemical cells and to the use of carbon composite materials for production of electrochemical cells.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to separators for electrochemical cells, comprising (A) at least one layer, containing (a) crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone in the form of particles, (b) at least one binder, and (c) possibly a base body, wherein the mass ratio of the crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone in the form of particles (a) to the sum of the mass of the binders (b) in the layer (A) has a value in the range of from 99.0:0.1 to 50:50. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of separators according to the invention and apparatuses, in particular electrochemical cells, containing separators according to the invention.
Abstract:
Mixtures containing A) at least one aprotic organic solvent or a mixture of aprotic solvents which is/are liquid at room temperature, B) at least one compound of the general formula (I) or (II), where the variables are defined as follows: the radicals R 1 are different or identical and are each selected from among C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 1 -C 10 -alkoxy, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl and C 6 -C 14 -aryl, in each case unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, benzyl or phenyl, R 2 is selected from among COOR 7 , C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 2 -C 10 -alkenyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl, C 6 -C 14 -aryl, in each case unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, benzyl or phenyl, R 3 , R 4 are different or identical and are each selected from among hydrogen, C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl and C 6 -C 14 -aryl, in each case unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, benzyl or phenyl, or >C(R 3 ) 2 is a >C=O group, the radicals X may be different or identical and are each selected from among oxygen, sulphur, N-R 5 and C(R 6 ) 2 , where R 5 is selected from among C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl and C 6 -C 14 -aryl, in each case unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, benzyl or phenyl, the radicals R 6 are different or identical and are each selected from among hydrogen, C 1 -C 10 -alkyl, C 3 -C 10 -cycloalkyl, benzyl and C 6 -C 14 -aryl, in each case unsubstituted or monosubstituted or polysubstituted by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, benzyl or phenyl, R 7 is selected from among C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, n is an integer in the range from 1 to 3, C) water in the range from 0 to 30 ppm, D) optionally at least one further additive, E) optionally at least one lithium salt.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a novel porous film material comprising at least one carbonaceous semimetal oxide phase, and to a method for the production thereof. The invention further relates to the use of said porous film materials as a separator layer or for producing such separator layers in electrochemical cells, in particular in lithium ion cells, and especially in lithium ion secondary cells. The porous film material according to the invention comprises: a) at least one carbonaceous (semi)metal oxide phase A of silicon, aluminum, titanium, or zircon, comprising hydrocarbon groups covalently boded to the (semi)metal; b) optionally one or more organic polymer phases B, wherein the inorganic (semi)metal oxide phase A forms substantially continuous phase domains in which the pore phase present in the film material and the optionally present organic polymer phase(s) B are embedded, wherein the average distance between two phase boundaries of adjacent domains of identical phases is a maximum of 50 nm, preferably a maximum of 10 nm, in particular preferably a maximum of 5 nm, and especially a maximum of 2 nm.