Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell that can make improvement of electric current density and its maintenance factor in the case where at least an enzyme and an electronic mediator are immobilized to at least one of a cathode and an anode by a polyion complex consisting of poly-L-lycine and sodium polyacrylate. SOLUTION: In a fuel cell having construction in which the cathode 2 and the anode 1 are opposed each other via an electrolyte layer 3, the cathode 2 and/or the anode 1 are provided with at least an enzyme and an electronic mediator immobilized on the electrode/electrodes by a polyion complex consisting of poly-L-lycine and sodium polyacrylate, a ratio of mass of poly-L-lycine and sodium polyacrylate in the polyion complex is 1:0.01-1.0. The mass of the poly-L-lycine is, for example, ≥7.1×10 -3 mg/mm 2 and ≤3.6×10 -2 mg/mm 2 . COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new method for coating BOD (bilirubin oxidase). SOLUTION: Provided is the BOD coating method for carrying out a polymerizable functional group introducing step of introducing the polymerizable functional group into the surface of the BOD molecule, and a copolymerizing step of initiating copolymerization of the polymerizable functional group with a polymerizable monomer at ≤17°C. The stability to heat and organic solvents can be improved while suppressing deterioration of the enzyme activity of the coated BOD by using the method for coating. Furthermore, the BOD coated by using the method can suitably be used for an enzyme electrode of a fuel cell. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an efficient enzyme immobilization electrode capable of immobilizing one or more kinds of enzymes in the optimum position on an electrode and to provide an efficient fuel cell using the enzyme immobilization electrode. SOLUTION: The enzyme immobilization electrode has an electrode 11 made of porous carbon or the like,a phospholipid layer 12 on the electrode 11, and enzymes 13, 14 immobilized on the phospholipid layer 12. The enzymes 13, 14 are diaphorase and glucose dehydrogenase for example. An intermediate layer made of protein or the like may be interposed between the electrode 11 and the phospholipid layer 12. The enzyme immobilization electrode is used in a negative electrode or a positive electrode of the fuel cell using the enzyme immobilization electrode. COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To fabricate a fuel cell capable of realizing large current density while utilizing biological metabolism. SOLUTION: The fuel cell 10 is provided in which a pair of electrodes composed of a positive electrode 11 and a negative electrode 12 are opposed via a proton conductor 13, and in which in the negative electrode 12, a fuel decomposing enzyme group, NAD (P) (nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide) and its reductant, NADH dehydrogenase, and an electron mediator are electrostatically immobilized by polyanion and/or polycation. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dye-sensitized photoelectric transducing device capable of using an arbitrary sensitizing dye, manufacturable at low cost, and having high photoelectric transducing efficiency; and to provide its manufacturing method. SOLUTION: In this dye-sensitized photoelectric transducing device wherein a semiconductor layer 4 and an electrolyte layer 5 are formed between a transparent conductive substrate 1 and conductive substrates 2 and 3 facing to it, a substance formed of titania nanotubes is used for the semiconductor layer 4, and the sensitizing dye is supported by the titania nanotubes. A crystal type or anatase type titania nanotube is preferably used as the titania nanotube. The dye-sensitized photoelectric transducing device is used for a dye-sensitized solar cell. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a molecular element, a single molecule optical switch element, and a functional element capable of being configured simply without using a complicated chemical synthesis and capable of ultrafast operation and ultrahigh density integration.SOLUTION: A molecular device has zinc cytochrome c of at least one molecule, and moves electrons or holes in the zinc cytochrome c by utilizing transition of electrons between molecular orbitals of the zinc cytochrome c. For example, the molecular orbitals are a first molecular orbital localizing to a first amino acid residue of the zinc cytochrome c, and a second molecular orbital localizing to a second amino acid residue of the zinc cytochrome c, and having a maximum transition probability per unit time for the first molecular orbital. In this case, electrons or holes move between the first amino acid residue and second amino acid residue.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell capable of preventing elution of nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide immobilized on an electrode and/or its derivative and capable of preventing performance degradation due to the elution, and to provide a method for manufacturing the fuel cell.SOLUTION: In a biofuel cell having such structure that a positive electrode and a negative electrode are opposed to each other through a proton conductor and is configured so as to extract electrons from fuel by using an enzyme, the negative electrode is composed of an electrode including carbon and/or an inorganic compound having holes whose sizes are 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less on the surface and nicotine amide adenine dinucleotide and/or its derivative is immobilized on the carbon and/or the inorganic compound. A carbon particle, a carbon sheet or a carbon fiber is used as carbon. Biocarbon, Ketjenblack, active carbon, or the like is used as the carbon particle. An enzyme necessary for enzyme reaction may be immobilized on the carbon through a pyrene derivative as necessary.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell and its manufacturing method which can confine one or more kinds of enzymes or further coenzymes in a minute space and, by carrying out enzymatic reaction using this space as a reaction field, can extract electrons efficiently from glucose, etc. to generate electric energy, and also can easily get these kinds of enzymes or further coenzymes stuck to an electrode.SOLUTION: Enzymes 13, 14 and coenzymes 15 which are needed for enzymatic reaction are sealed in a liposome 12, and an antibiotic 16 is bound to a lipid bilayer membrane constituting the liposome 12 to form one or more holes 17 through which glucose can pass, and further a sterol 18 is bound to the lipid bilayer membrane. The liposome 12 is gotten stuck to the surface of an electrode consisting of porous carbon, etc. to form an enzyme immobilized electrode. The enzyme immobilized electrode is used, for example, as an anode of a biofuel cell.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a fuel solution from leaking.SOLUTION: A valve control portion 20 of a fuel leak prevention structure includes first and second electrodes 3a, 3b. The first electrode 3a is fitted to a movable first member 2a, and when the first member 2a is moved by applying pressing force, the first and second electrodes 3a, 3b come into contact to feed electricity. The first and second electrodes 3a, 3b are connected to a controller 4, which opens a control valve 7 when the first and second electrodes 3a, 3b enter the electricity feed state. Thus, the control valve 7 is opened and closed with the pressing force, thereby easily supplying the fuel solution.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel card with built-in a fuel cell and a system that uses the card.SOLUTION: A card C is provided with at least a fuel supply part 2 exposed on the surface of the card, a fuel cell part 1 that is constructed so as to generate electric power by fuel introduced from the fuel supply part, and a display part 3 that is capable of displaying information including information about power generation by the fuel cell part 1. A card information processing system is constituted by an external device M1 (M2) constructed so as to be capable of transmitting and receiving electric signals through terminals 5 formed on the card C.