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    Microporous membranes of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene
    44.
    发明授权
    Microporous membranes of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene 失效
    超高分子量聚乙烯微孔膜

    公开(公告)号：US4828772A

    公开(公告)日：1989-05-09

    申请号：US192595

    申请日：1988-05-09

    Applicant: George Lopatin ,  Larry Y. Yen

    Inventor： George Lopatin ,  Larry Y. Yen

    IPC: B01D67/00 ,  B01D71/26 ,  C08J9/28

    CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D71/26 ,  C08J2201/03 ,  C08J2201/052 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546 ,  C08J2323/06 ,  Y10S264/48 ,  Y10S264/62

    Abstract: Microporous membranes and methods for producing such membranes from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene are described. The method employs extrusion of a solution of UHMW-PE and porogen through a forming die followed by thermal phase separation of polymer and porogen. Microporous structures are created by removing porogen. Microporous membranes produced include membranes with good permeability to air and water making them particularly useful as filtration media and water-resistance breathable membranes.

    Abstract translation: 描述了微孔膜和从超高分子量聚乙烯生产这种膜的方法。 该方法通过成形模挤出UHMW-PE和致孔剂溶液，然后热分解聚合物和致孔剂。 通过去除致孔剂产生微孔结构。 产生的微孔膜包括对空气和水具有良好渗透性的膜，使得它们特别用作过滤介质和耐水透气膜。

    Methods for the preparation of porous fibers and membranes
    46.
    发明授权
    Methods for the preparation of porous fibers and membranes 失效
    多孔纤维和膜的制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4564488A

    公开(公告)日：1986-01-14

    申请号：US456758

    申请日：1983-01-10

    Applicant: Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler

    Inventor： Klaus Gerlach ,  Erich Kessler

    IPC: B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B29C67/20 ,  C08J9/28 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01D5/247 ,  B29C47/00 ,  C08J9/26

    CPC classification number: B01D71/26 ,  B01D67/003 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/08 ,  B01D69/087 ,  B29C67/205 ,  C08J9/28 ,  D01D5/24 ,  D01D5/247 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546

    Abstract: The invention concerns porous fibers and membranes, methods for their preparation and for their use. The fibers are characterized by a smooth porous surface and an apparent density of between about 10 and 90% of the true density of the polymeric starting material employed. The process involves the formation of a homogeneous mixture of at least two components, one of which is a meltable polymer and another liquid inert with respect to the polymer. The mixture formed must be of a binary type, in which there is a temperature range of complete miscibility and a range in which there is a miscibility gap. The mixture is extruded at a temperature above the separation temperature into a bath containing at least some of the inert liquid which is at a temperature below the separation temperature. Upon introduction of the mixture into the bath, the fiber structure of the product is fixed.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及多孔纤维和膜，其制备方法和用途。 纤维的特征在于光滑的多孔表面和表观密度为所用聚合物原料的真实密度的约10至90％。 该方法包括形成至少两种组分的均匀混合物，其中一种是可熔融聚合物，另一种是相对于聚合物惰性的液体。 形成的混合物必须是二元型，其中存在完全混溶性的温度范围和存在混合间隙的范围。 将混合物在高于分离温度的温度下挤出至含有至少一些惰性液体的浴中，该惰性液体的温度低于分离温度。 当将混合物引入浴中时，产品的纤维结构是固定的。

    Method of making metal-doped organic foam products
    47.
    发明授权
    Method of making metal-doped organic foam products 失效
    制造金属掺杂有机泡沫产品的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4261937A

    公开(公告)日：1981-04-14

    申请号：US26505

    申请日：1979-04-03

    Applicant: James A. Rinde

    Inventor： James A. Rinde

    IPC: C08J9/28 ,  B29D27/00

    CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/0546

    Abstract: Organic foams having a low density and very small cell size and method forroducing same in either a metal-loaded or unloaded (nonmetal loaded) form are described. Metal-doped foams are produced by soaking a polymer gel in an aqueous solution of desired metal salt, soaking the gel successively in a solvent series of decreasing polarity to remove water from the gel and replace it with a solvent of lower polarity with each successive solvent in the series being miscible with the solvents on each side and being saturated with the desired metal salt, and removing the last of the solvents from the gel to produce the desired metal-doped foam having desired density cell size, and metal loading. The unloaded or metal-doped foams can be utilized in a variety of applications requiring low density, small cell size foam. For example, rubidium-doped foam made in accordance with the invention has utility in special applications, such as in x-ray lasers.

    Abstract translation: 描述了具有低密度和非常小的泡孔尺寸的有机泡沫体以及用于以金属加载或卸载（非金属加载）形式生产的有机泡沫体。 通过将聚合物凝胶浸渍在所需金属盐的水溶液中来制备金属掺杂的泡沫，将凝胶依次以极性降低的溶剂系列浸泡以从凝胶中除去水，并用每个相继的溶剂代替低极性的溶剂 该系列与每一侧上的溶剂混溶并被所需的金属盐饱和，并从凝胶中除去最后的溶剂以产生具有所需密度单元尺寸和金属负载的所需金属掺杂泡沫。 无负载或金属掺杂的泡沫可用于需要低密度，小泡孔泡沫的各种应用中。 例如，根据本发明制成的掺杂铷的泡沫可用于特殊应用中，例如在x射线激光器中。

    Preparation of asymmetric polymer membranes
    48.
    发明授权
    Preparation of asymmetric polymer membranes 失效
    不对称聚合物膜的制备

    公开(公告)号：US3709774A

    公开(公告)日：1973-01-09

    申请号：US3709774D

    申请日：1970-05-13

    Applicant: GEN ELECTRIC

    Inventor： KIMURA S

    IPC: B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/52 ,  C08J9/28 ,  B32B5/18

    CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  B01D67/0011 ,  B01D67/0013 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D71/52 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01D2325/022 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546 ,  Y10S264/14 ,  Y10T428/249961 ,  Y10T428/249979 ,  Y10T428/249989 ,  Y10T428/268

    Abstract: A METHOD IF DISCLOSED FOR THE PREPARATION (BY THE UTILIZATION OF A PROPER SOLVENT SYSTEM) OF DRY ASYMMETRIC MEMBERANES COMPRISING A POROUS LAYER OF INTERCONNECTED CRYSTALS OF POLYMER MATERIAL. MEMBRANES OF MANY POLYMER MATERIALS MAY BE OPTIONALLY PREPARED EITHER WITH OR WITHOUT A DENSE SURFACE LAYER AS ONE FACE THEREOF. IN EITHER CASE THE POROUS LAYER IS STRUCTURED WITH GRADED POROSITY. A THREE-COMPONENT CASTING SOLUTION SOLUTION IS PREPARED CONTAINING THE POLYMER, A FIRST GOOD VOLATILE SOLVENT FOR THE POLYMER AND (RELATIVE TO THE FIRST SOLVENT) A POOR LESS-VOLATILE SOLVENT FOR THE POLYMER, WHICH IS MISCIBLE WITH THE GOOD SOLVENT. A MEMBRANE IS CAST, ALLOWED TO DESOLVATE FOR A SHOT TIME AND IS THEN IMMERSED IN A LEACHING AGENT, THAT IT MISCIBLE WITH BOTH THE AFOREMENTIONED SOLVENTS BUT IS A NON-SOLVENT FOR THE POLYMER. THE MEMBRANE IS THEN PERMITTED TO DRY.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于制备干燥不对称膜（通过使用合适的溶剂体系）的方法，其包括聚合物材料的互连晶体的多孔层。 许多聚合物材料的膜可以任选地制备为具有或不具有致密表面层作为其一个面。 在任一种情况下，多孔层均具有渐变孔隙度。 制备含有聚合物的三组分流延溶液，用于聚合物的第一良好的挥发性溶剂和（相对于第一溶剂）聚合物的不良挥发性较差的溶剂，其与良溶剂可混溶。 将膜浇铸，允许脱溶剂短时间，然后浸入浸出剂中，其与上述溶剂可混溶，但是是聚合物的非溶剂。 然后允许膜干燥。

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