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    Fuel composition
    43.
    发明授权
    Fuel composition 失效
    燃油组成

    公开(公告)号：US3868231A

    公开(公告)日：1975-02-25

    申请号：US31835572

    申请日：1972-12-26

    Applicant: SHELL OIL CO

    Inventor： VAN DE KRAATS EDUARD J ,  BUITELAAR ARNOLD A ,  SCHREUDER THOMAS

    IPC: C10L1/26 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L10/14

    CPC classification number: C10L1/146 ,  C10L1/195 ,  C10L1/2368 ,  C10L1/2468 ,  C10L1/2675

    Abstract: Fuel compositions having improved low-temperature flow properties comprise wax-containing residual or flashed distillate hydrocarbon fuel having incorporated therein a minor amount of a copolymer of (1) an olefinically unsaturated compound containing an unbranched saturated hydrocarbon chain with at least 14 carbon atoms and (2) a heterocyclic compound which contains an olefinically unsaturated double bond not attached directly to a hetero atom and of which the ring carbon atoms linked to a hetero atom do not carry monovalent hydrocarbon groups, the heterocyclic compound most preferably being 4-vinylpyridine.

    Abstract translation: 具有改进的低温流动性质的燃料组合物包括含蜡的残余或闪蒸的馏出物烃燃料，其中加入少量共聚物（1）含有至少14个碳原子的未分支的饱和烃链的烯属不饱和化合物和（ 2）含有不直接与杂原子连接的烯键式不饱和双键并且与杂原子连接的环碳原子不携带一价烃基的杂环化合物，杂环化合物最优选为4-乙烯基吡啶。

    Process for the preparation of a crude-oil composition with a depressed pour point
    44.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of a crude-oil composition with a depressed pour point 失效
    制备具有浸渍点的原油组合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US3776247A

    公开(公告)日：1973-12-04

    申请号：US3776247D

    申请日：1968-07-01

    Applicant: SHELL OIL CO

    Inventor： CHOUFOER J ,  VAN KERKVOORT W ,  VAN DER MEIJ P ,  SCHRUEDER T

    IPC: C10G71/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/26 ,  F17D1/16

    CPC classification number: C10L10/08 ,  C10L1/146 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/165 ,  C10L1/1955 ,  C10L1/1963 ,  C10L1/1966 ,  C10L1/1973 ,  C10L1/2364 ,  C10L1/2366 ,  C10L1/2368 ,  C10L1/2675 ,  Y10T137/0391

    Abstract: A method of transporting waxy crudes through conduits at reduced friction and preventing wax separation or precipitation so as to inhibit plugging and flow restriction and improve the pour point properties of the crude by adding to such waxy crudes a small amount of a polymeric material containing aliphatic hydrocarbon side chains of at least 14 carbon atoms. This invention relates to decreasing friction loss in flowing waxy crudes through conduits, generally over great distances but also over short distances such as in well fracturing processes and also to improving the pour point of waxy crudes. More particularly, the invention is directed to crude oil compositions comprising a waxy crude oil and fractions thereof and polymers having aliphatic hydrocarbon side chains with at least 14 carbon atoms, so as to reduce the pour point, prevent wax separation and reduce its friction loss due to flow through pipelines over great distances and short distances.

    Abstract translation: 一种通过导管以较低摩擦力输送蜡质原油的方法，并防止蜡分离或沉淀，以便抑制堵塞和流动的限制，并通过向这种蜡质原油中加入少量含有脂族烃的聚合物材料来改善粗品的倾点特性 至少14个碳原子的侧链。

    Preparation of detergent oil-additive graft copolymers by delayed addition of nitrogen-containing comonomer to a partially polymerized long chain alkyl or vinyl ester and product obtained thereby
    47.
    发明授权
    Preparation of detergent oil-additive graft copolymers by delayed addition of nitrogen-containing comonomer to a partially polymerized long chain alkyl or vinyl ester and product obtained thereby 失效
    通过将含氮共聚单体延迟加入部分聚合的长链烷基或乙烯基酯和由此获得的产物来制备洗涤剂油 - 添加剂接枝共聚物

    公开(公告)号：US3067163A

    公开(公告)日：1962-12-04

    申请号：US73695658

    申请日：1958-05-22

    Applicant: ROHM & HAAS

    Inventor： NORMAN BAUER LA VERNE

    IPC: C08F20/62 ,  C08F22/00 ,  C08F220/18 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10M149/02 ,  C10M159/00

    CPC classification number: C10M159/005 ,  C08F20/62 ,  C08F22/00 ,  C08F220/18 ,  C08F291/00 ,  C10L1/146 ,  C10L1/2362 ,  C10L1/2364 ,  C10L1/2366 ,  C10L1/2368 ,  C10L1/2468 ,  C10L1/2675 ,  C10M145/02 ,  C10M145/14 ,  C10M145/16 ,  C10M149/02 ,  C10M149/10 ,  C10M2203/06 ,  C10M2207/282 ,  C10M2207/34 ,  C10M2209/02 ,  C10M2209/084 ,  C10M2209/086 ,  C10M2215/042 ,  C10M2217/00 ,  C10M2217/02 ,  C10M2217/022 ,  C10M2217/023 ,  C10M2217/024 ,  C10M2217/026 ,  C10M2217/028 ,  C10M2217/04 ,  C10M2217/06 ,  C10M2219/10 ,  C10M2219/102 ,  C10M2219/104 ,  C10M2219/106 ,  C10M2221/00 ,  C10M2221/02 ,  C10M2223/04 ,  C10M2223/042 ,  C10M2223/045 ,  C10M2225/00 ,  C10M2225/02 ,  C10M2225/041 ,  C10N2210/02 ,  C10N2270/02 ,  C08F226/06

    Abstract: As additives to oils there are used copolymers made by a process which involves partially polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomeric material, adding a nitrogen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer thereto, and then completing the polymerization, the monomer mixture being such as to provide an oil-soluble copolymer (see Group IV(a)). Oils specified are fuel oils, mineral lubricating oils, kerosenes and synthetic lubricants, e.g. esters of sebacic and phosphoric acid. As monomers for use in preparing the prepolymer there are specified esters of acrylic and substituted acrylic acids, esters of maleic, fumaric and itaconic acids, styrenes, unsaturated nitrites, ethers, thioethers and ketones and vinyl and vinylidene chlorides. Nitrogen-containing monomers specified are vinyl lactams, oxazolidones, unides, ureas and pyridines, aminoalkyl styrenes, acrylates, ethers and thioethers and unsaturated hydrazides.ALSO:Oil-soluble copolymers are obtained by: (A) forming a polymerizing mixture of (1) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers and (2) a prepolymer derived from one or more monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and which is present in an amount of from 40 to 85% by weight of the combined weight of monomer and prepolymer, the mixture undergoing polymerization under the influence of a free-radical initiator, (B) adding to the polymerizing mixture at least one monoethylenically unsaturated nitrogenous monomer which contains a trivalent nitrogen atom bonded to at least two atoms at least one of which is carbon, and which is either an imide having non-terminal unsaturation or is a compound containing a terminal methylene group, and (C) continuing polymerization of the resulting mixture, the monomer mixture being such as to provide an oil-soluble copolymer containing nitrogenous monomer in an amount between about 1% and 30% by weight of the final copolymer. As monomers for forming the prepolymer there are listed alkyl acrylates, alkacrylates, phenacrylates and chloroacrylates, esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids in which the alcohol portion contains a hetero atom, e.g. oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur or phosphorus, vinyl esters of fatty acids, alkyl maleates, fumarates and itaconates, styrene, alkyl styrenes, p-chlorostyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl ethers, vinyl thioethers, vinyl ketones and vinyl and vinylidene chlorides. Nitrogen containing monomers listed are N-vinyl lactams, N-vinyl oxazolidones, cyclic N-vinyl imides, N-vinyl ureas, N-vinyl carboxylic amides, N-acryloxy and N-methacryloxy lactams, N-acrylamido and N-methacrylamido lactams, N-alkyl acrylamides and methacrylamides, N-vinyl amines, vinyl pyridines, aminostyrenes, aminoalkyl vinyl ethers and thioethers, aminoalkyl acrylates and methacrylates, and unsaturated hydrazides. Free-radical initiators listed are azo compounds, peroxides, hydroperoxides, peresters and combinations of hydroperoxides and quaternary ammonium salts. Polymerization may be carried out in bulk or, preferably, in solution in an organic solvent. The examples describe the application of the above process to the following combinations of monomers: (1) cetyl-stearyl methacrylate, lauryl-myristyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone; (2) stearyl methacrylate, styrene and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone; (3) vinyl stearate, vinyl-2-ethyl hexoate and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone; (4) vinyl stearate, dodecyl methacrylate and N-vinyl-5-methyl pyrrolidinone; (5) dilauryl fumarate, vinyl acetate and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone; (6) distearyl maleate and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone; (7) distearyl itaconate and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone; (8) cetyl-stearyl fumarate vinyl acetate and N-vinyl caprolactam; (9) lauryl-myristyl methacrylate and N-vinyl oxazolidone; (10) as in (9) but including also dimethaminoethyl methacrylate; (11) lauryl methacrylate and N-vinyl succinimide; (12) lauryl methacrylate and N-(8-methacryloxy-3,6-dioxaoctyl) pyrrolidinone; (13) lauryl methacrylate and N-n-butylacrylamide; (14) lauryl, stearyl, butyl and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates; (15) lauryl and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylates and N-vinyl pyrrolidinone; (16) lauryl methacrylate and N-vinyl-N1-dimethylamino-ethylethyleneurea; (17) lauryl methacrylate and N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide; (18) lauryl methacrylate and 4-vinyl pyridine; (19) lauryl methacrylate and N-(2-methacryloxyethyl)-2-oxazolidone; (20) octyl methacrylate and 1-(2-methacryloxyethyl) - 2,4,4 - trimethylpyrrolidine; (21) lauryl methacrylate and diethylaminoethyl vinyl thioether; (22) dodecyl methacrylate and N-methacrylyl-N,N-dimethyl hydrazide; and (23) lauryl-myristyl methacrylate and N-methyl maleimide.ALSO:Ethylenically unsaturated nitrogen-containing compounds are prepared as follows:- (a) N-acryloxyalkyl or N-methacryloxyalkyl lactams are prepared by reacting N-hydroxyalkyl lactams with lower alkyl methacrylates or acryloyl or methacryloyl halides, e.g. N-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidinone and methyl methacrylate are heated in the presence of sodium methoxide to produce N-(2-methacryloxyethyl)pyrolidinone; (b) N-acrylamidoalkyl or N-methacrylamidoalkyl lactams are prepared by reacting acryloyl and methacryloyl halides with N-(aminoalkyl) lactams, e.g. methacryloyl chloride and N-2-aminoethyl-3,5.5-trimethylpyrrolidinone are heated together in the presence of sodium carbonate to produce 2-methacrylamidoethyl- 3,5.5-trimethyl pyrrolidinone; (c) N-acryloyl or N-methacryloyl pyrrolidinones are prepared by reacting pyrrolidinone with acryloyl or methacryloyl halides; (d) 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)- 2,4,4-trimethylpyrrolidine is reacted with methyl methacrylate in the presence of sodium methoxide to produce 1-(2-methacryloxyethyl)- 2,4,4-trimethylpyrrolidine.

    Anti-static additive compositions for hydrocarbon fuels
    49.
    发明申请
    Anti-static additive compositions for hydrocarbon fuels 有权
    用于碳氢燃料的抗静电添加剂组合物

    公开(公告)号：US20010048099A1

    公开(公告)日：2001-12-06

    申请号：US09836071

    申请日：2001-04-16

    Inventor： John A. Schield

    IPC: H01B001/00 ,  C10L001/10

    CPC classification number: C09K3/16 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/2362 ,  C10L1/2366 ,  C10L1/238 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/2468 ,  C10L1/2675

    Abstract: It has been discovered that less expensive, and in some cases synergistically effective anti-static additive blends may be added to hydrocarbon fuels to improve the conductivity thereof. The blend includes an anti-static amount of at least one hydrocarbon soluble copolymer of an alkylvinyl monomer and a cationic vinyl monomer and an anti-static amount of at least one hydrocarbon soluble polysulfone copolymer of at least one olefin and sulfur dioxide. Optional ingredients include polymeric polyamines and aryl sulfonic acids.

    Abstract translation: 已经发现，较便宜的，并且在一些情况下，协同有效的抗静电添加剂共混物可以加入到烃燃料中以提高其导电性。 共混物包括抗静电量的至少一种烷基乙烯基单体和阳离子乙烯基单体的可溶于烃的共聚物和至少一种至少一种至少一种烯烃和二氧化硫的可溶于烃的聚砜共聚物的抗静电量。 任选成分包括聚合多胺和芳基磺酸。

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