Abstract:
An electromagnetic induction heating unit and air conditioning apparatus are provided whereby the responsiveness of temperature detection can be enhanced even when the temperature of the refrigerant tube varies sharply in electromagnetic induction heating. The electromagnetic induction heating unit (6) heats a refrigerant tube (F) whose external surface is composed of SUS tubing (F2), and the electromagnetic induction heating unit (6) is provided with a coil (68) and a fuse (15). The coil (68) is disposed in the vicinity of the refrigerant tube (F). The fuse (15) is in contact with the external surface of the refrigerant tube (F), and the surface of the fuse (15) in contact with the refrigerant tube (F) has substantially the same shape as the contacted portion of the external surface of the refrigerant tube (F).
Abstract:
Hourly CO 2 concentration, amount of solar radiation, and plant distribution information are calculated through observation from predetermined satellites. A concentration of CO 2 absorbed by plant-chlorophyll per each time unit is calculated. By adding up the CO 2 concentration on the earth and the concentration of CO 2 absorbed by the plant-chlorophyll, a CO 2 concentration obtained provided that no plant-chlorophyll exist is calculated for a certain period. Thereafter, a mean concentration of CO 2 that is absorbed according to changes in the distribution of plant-chlorophyll is calculated on the basis of a monthly mean solar radiation amount and plant-chlorophyll distribution information. By subtracting the CO 2 concentration, which is a mean, from the total CO 2 concentration, a CO 2 concentration, which is a normal, is calculated.
Abstract:
Es werden ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Detektion der Kennlinie f (ϑ) eines Messfühlers (2) für zeitlich veränderliche Temperaturmesswerte, die in Heizungs- oder Klimaanlagen oder deren Regelungen verwendet werden, vorgeschlagen, bei denen eine Messwertfolge des Messfühlers (2) und eine Messwertfolge eines Referenzmessfühlers (4) mit bekannter Kennlinie erfasst und die einzelnen Messwerte des Messfühlers (2) in Relation zu den Messwerten des Referenzmessfühlers (4) gesetzt werden. Um auch in nichtstationären Zuständen eine Kennliniendetektion zu ermöglichen wird vorgeschlagen, dass bei einer nichtstationären Messwertfolge ein möglicher Zeitversatz (Δ T R , Rohsignale ,Δ T R,Filt ) zwischen einer Messwertfolge des Messfühlers (2) und einer Messwertfolge des Referenzmessfühler (4) ermittelt und korrigiert wird. ( Fig. 1 )
Abstract:
A housing for a powered environmental control and/or sensor device is disclosed, which includes a front face including a display and/or a control element, a rear face for mounting to a wall,and one or more sidewall(s) arranged to join together the front face and the rear face. The housing houses one or more powered electronic components, including heat generating components, a temperature sensing element,and a baffle defining an air flow path that is arranged to allow external air to pass through a portion of the housing from an inlet to an outlet spaced aparton the housing. The temperature sensing element is located in the air flow path so as to be substantially separated from the heat generating components of the powered electronic components by the baffle.
Abstract:
A cover for the bulb of a thermal expansion valve is comprised of two halves of an insulative body that are wrapped around the bulb and associated outlet types in clamshell fashion to encapsulate the combination. Internal and external flaps are hingedly connected along their longitudinal edges to permit access for inspection purposes, and the external flap is secured to the internal flap by Velcro. A tongue structure on the outer surface of the body fits into grooves on the inner surface of the outer flap to seal the cover against the entry of moisture. The two halves are secured in place at their ends by way of bands.
Abstract:
In an exemplary embodiment, a temperature sensor and a 4-20mA transmitter on a single flexible circuit subassembly with a separate housing suitable for use in industrial control or HVAC applications. In a preferred embodiment, a narrow flex circuit substrate includes a silicon diode-based surface-mount sensor at a sensor end, a surface-mount programmable transmitter IC on a flex circuit substrate in the transmitter section, conductive traces connecting the sensor to the transmitter IC, and two conductive pads at an output end for connecting the 4-20mA output to a pair of external wires. Additional traces on the flex subassembly are provided for testing and programming the transmitter IC and sensor. The sensor end of the flex subassembly is mounted in a metal sensor tube, filled and sealed in the same manner as RTD or thermistor sensors with leads are currently assembled for use in industrial control or HVAC applications. The sensor tube assembly is attached to a connection head following industry standard practices. A separate plastic housing, compliant with existing industrial control or HVAC industry standards for transmitters, is mounted in the connection head and is configured to hold the transmitter end of the flex circuit. A two position terminal block is used to connect external wires to the 4-20mA output pads. A programmable transmitter is used to calibrate both the sensor and transmitter which are mounted together on the same subassembly. This provides total system accuracy better than +/- 0.3°C over a 200°C span, compared to +/-.8°C accuracy for existing IEC class A RTD- based systems. The programmable transmitter reduces the component cost by eliminating the need for any high precision components in the system. Manufacturing and testing costs are reduced by fabricating, assembling, and testing many flex circuits together on one panel at the same time.
Abstract:
A printed board 2 arranged within an upper case 1 a and having a hole 5, a partition portion 6 arranged within the upper case 1 a so as to be substantially orthogonal to the printed board 2 and provided with a cut 7, and a temperature sensor 3 arranged within the upper case 1 a and having a covered wire 3a, a soldered portion 8 provided at an end of the covered wire 3a, and a temperature detection portion 3b provided at another end of the covered wire 3a, are provided. The temperature sensor 3 is fixed such that the soldered portion 8 is soldered to a surface of the printed board 2, the covered wire 3a is inserted through the hole 5 and engaged with the cut 7 to be fixed, and the temperature detection portion 3b is located near an inner surface of the upper case 1 a.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for operating and/or monitoring an HVAC system (10), in which a medium circulating in a primary circuit (26) flows through at least one energy consumer (11, 12, 13), the medium entering with a volume flow (φ) through a supply line (14) into the energy consumer (11, 12, 13) at a supply temperature (T v ) and leaving the energy consumer (11, 12, 13) at a return temperature (T R ) via a return line (15), and transferring heat or cooling energy to the energy consumer (11, 12, 13) in an energy flow (E). A considerable improvement in the operating behavior of the system is achieved by empirically determining the dependence of the energy flow (E) and/or the temperature difference (ΔΤ) between supply temperature (T v ) and return temperature (T R ) on the volume flow (φ) for the energy consumers (11, 12, 13) in a first step, and by operating and/or monitoring the HVAC system (10) according to the determined dependency or dependencies in a second step.