公开(公告)号：WO2005005342A2

公开(公告)日：2005-01-20

申请号：PCT/US2004/012425

申请日：2004-04-21

Applicant: BAE SYSTEMS ORDNANCE SYSTEMS INC. ,  KYLER, Keith, S. ,  WILSON, Andrew, R. ,  TEAGUE, Curtis

Inventor： KYLER, Keith, S. ,  WILSON, Andrew, R. ,  TEAGUE, Curtis

IPC: C06B

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

Abstract: A process for preparing trinitrololuene (TNT) in which toluene is treated with nitric acid having a concentration of about 90% to about 99%, and preferably about 98% to about 99%, by weight at a temperature of less than about 60°C, and preferably less than 30°C, to produce high purity dinitrotoluene. The resulting dinitrotoluene is then treated with nitric acid having a concentration of about 98% to about 99% by weight and trifluoromethane sulfuric acid to produce high purity TNT.

Abstract translation: 一种制备三硝基甲苯（TNT）的方法，其中在低于约60℃的温度下，用浓度为约90％至约99％，优选约98％至约99％的硝酸处理甲苯 ，优选小于30℃，以产生高纯度二硝基甲苯。 然后用浓度为约98％至约99％重量的硝酸和三氟甲烷硫酸处理所得的二硝基甲苯以产生高纯度的TNT。

公开(公告)号：WO2004096750A1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-11

申请号：PCT/JP2004/006055

申请日：2004-04-27

Applicant: 株式会社上野製薬応用研究所 ,  上野 隆三 ,  北山 雅也 ,  若森 浩之

Inventor： 上野 隆三 ,  北山 雅也 ,  若森 浩之

IPC: C07C201/08

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/59

Abstract: 　４−アルコキシ安息香酸および４−アルコキシ安息香酸に対して８重量倍以上の濃度４０～８０％の硝酸を含む混合物を、３０～１００℃の温度下で反応させる工程を含む、３−ニトロ−４−アルコキシ安息香酸の製造方法を提供する。

Abstract translation: 一种制备3-硝基-4-烷氧基苯甲酸的方法，其包括在30-100℃的温度下使包含浓度为40-80％的4-烷氧基苯甲酸和硝酸的混合物，硝酸 酸的含量为4-烷氧基苯甲酸的量的至少8倍。

公开(公告)号：WO2003011810A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-13

申请号：PCT/GB2002/003356

申请日：2002-07-22

Applicant: PORTELA & CA SA ,  LEARMONTH, David, Alexander

Inventor： LEARMONTH, David, Alexander

IPC: C07C201/08

CPC classification number: A61K31/06 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/22 ,  C07C205/26 ,  C07C205/43 ,  C07C205/44 ,  C07C205/60 ,  C07C205/45

Abstract: A method for the regioselective ortho-directed nitration of phenolic compounds useful for the preparation of ortho-nitro-phenols according to formula (I) is described.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于制备根据式（I）的邻硝基苯酚的酚类化合物的区域选择性定向硝化的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO0164333A3

公开(公告)日：2002-02-21

申请号：PCT/US0106698

申请日：2001-03-01

Applicant: DOW CHEMICAL CO

Inventor： GILLIS PAUL AARON ,  BRAUN HELGE ,  SCHMIDT JOERG ,  VERWIJS JAN W ,  VELTEN HARALD ,  PLATKOWSKI KRISTINA

IPC: B01F3/08 ,  B01F5/06 ,  B01F13/10 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

CPC classification number: B01J19/243 ,  B01F3/08 ,  B01F5/0682 ,  B01F5/0688 ,  B01F13/1013 ,  B01F2013/1091 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  B01J2219/00184 ,  B01J2219/00768 ,  C07C201/08 ,  Y10S210/05 ,  C07C205/06

Abstract: A tubular reactor (1) characterized by having short static mixing elements (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) separated by coalescing zones (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27) is used to conduct multiphase liquid/liquid reactions. Small droplets of one of the phases are dispersed into the other phase by the static mixing elements (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10). These droplets coalesce and at least partially phase separate as the mixture passes through the subsequent coalescing zone. The tubular reactor is particularly suitable for nitrating organic compounds while forming low levels of improperly nitrated by-products and low levels of nitrophenolics.

Abstract translation: 一种管状反应器（1），其特征在于具有由聚结区（20,21,22,23,24,25）分离的短静态混合元件（1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10） ，26,27）用于进行多相液/液反应。 一个相的小液滴通过静态混合元件（1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10）分散到另一相中。 当混合物通过随后的聚结区时，这些液滴聚结并且至少部分相分离。 管状反应器特别适用于硝化有机化合物，同时形成低水平的不适当硝化的副产物和低水平的硝基苯酚。

公开(公告)号：WO00003971A1

公开(公告)日：2000-01-27

申请号：PCT/JP1999/003825

申请日：1999-07-15

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C205/38 ,  C07C205/43 ,  C07C205/45 ,  C07C205/58 ,  C07D401/10 ,  A61K31/44 ,  C07D205/12

CPC classification number: C07D401/10 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/58 ,  C07C205/43 ,  C07C205/38 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C205/45 ,  C07C205/12

Abstract: A process for selectively eliminating a compound of general formula (II) from a mixture of a compound of general formula (I) with the compound of general formula (II). This process comprises reacting the compound of general formula (II) with a tertiary amine and a nucleophilic agent and then washing and/or crystallizing the thus obtained compound to thereby separate the same from the mixture. A process for producing a compound represented by general formula (I) which is free from any mutagen is also provided. In these formulae, R represents alkyl, alkyl carbonyl or alkoxycarbonyl; and Hal represents halogeno.

Abstract translation: 从通式（I）的化合物与通式（II）的化合物的混合物中选择性地除去通式（II）的化合物的方法。 该方法包括使通式（II）的化合物与叔胺和亲核试剂反应，然后将由此得到的化合物洗涤和/或结晶，从而将其与混合物分离。 还提供了不含任何诱变剂的由通式（I）表示的化合物的制备方法。 在这些式中，R 1表示烷基，烷基羰基或烷氧基羰基; 而Hal代表卤代。

公开(公告)号：WO99042433A1

公开(公告)日：1999-08-26

申请号：PCT/KR1998/000285

申请日：1998-09-18

IPC: C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the nitration of aromatic compounds using oxygen activated by an inorganic catalyst and nitrogen dioxide. Since the present invention does not use concentrated nitric acid nor concentrated sulfuric acid used in the conventional nitration reaction, the generation of spent waste acid does not occur. Further, the present invention does not encounter the problem of high costs associated with the generation of ozone as in an alternative nitration process. Mononitration as well as dinitration of aromatic compounds are possible by the improved reactivity of the present invention. According to a feature of the present invention, since the solubility of oxygen in a reaction medium is increased by using pressurized oxygen, nitrogen dioxide is activated by a porous catalyst and thus an aromatic compound is nitrated, the reaction rate is significantly increased and the recovery of reactants is easy due to the insolubility of the catalyst.

Abstract translation: 公开了使用由无机催化剂和二氧化氮活化的氧气来硝化芳族化合物的方法。 由于本发明不使用常规硝化反应中使用的浓硝酸或浓硫酸，因此不会产生废废酸。 此外，本发明不会像在替代硝化过程中那样遇到与臭氧产生相关的高成本的问题。 芳族化合物的单硝化以及二硝化作用可以通过本发明的改进的反应性来实现。 根据本发明的特征，由于通过使用加压氧来增加氧在反应介质中的溶解度，所以二氧化氮被多孔催化剂活化，因此芳族化合物被硝化，反应速率显着增加，回收率 的反应物由于催化剂的不溶性而容易。

公开(公告)号：WO99023061A1

公开(公告)日：1999-05-14

申请号：PCT/EP1998/006688

申请日：1998-10-21

IPC: C07B43/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C209/76 ,  C07C211/52

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12

Abstract: According to the invention, a quantity of 0.5 to 20,000 ppm of one or more surface active substances from the group of anionic, cationic, zwitterionic or non-ionic is added to the reaction mixture during the conversion of aromatic compounds with nitrating acid, said acid containing HNO3 and optional H2SO4 and/or H2O and/or H3PO4, to aromatic nitro compounds.

Abstract translation: 包含在与硝化酸中，硝酸和任选的H 2 SO 4和/或H 2 O，和/或H 3 PO 4至芳族硝基化合物的芳族化合物的反应中，按照本发明为反应混合物的0.5至20000ppm的一种或多种表面活性剂组成的组的量 添加的阴离子，阳离子，两性离子或非离子的。

公开(公告)号：WO99022858A1

公开(公告)日：1999-05-14

申请号：PCT/GB1998/003288

申请日：1998-11-05

IPC: B01J19/00 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C303/06 ,  C07C309/29 ,  G01N37/00

CPC classification number: C07C303/06 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01J2219/00783 ,  B01J2219/00822 ,  B01J2219/00831 ,  B01J2219/00833 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C309/29 ,  C07C205/06

Abstract: A method of reacting an aromatic compound with an immiscible reacting agent involves the passage of the reactant along a flow path having a width of from 10 to 1000 mu m in such a way that essentially laminar flow of the reactant takes place. Reaction takes place across the interface between the phases and without substantial mixing of the unreacted aromatic compound and the reacting agents. A preferred reaction is the nitration reaction which involves reaction of a first phase comprising an organic aromatic compound on a second phase comprising a nitrating agent to produce two new phases of different chemical composition to the starting phases. The aqueous and organic phases produced are ideally separated such that minimum contamination occurs. Other examples of this type of reaction include the sulphonation of an aromatic compound using sulphuric acid as the sulphonating agent. The aromatic compound is slowly consumed in the reaction yielding a single aqueous phase.

Abstract translation: 使芳族化合物与不混溶反应剂反应的方法涉及使反应物沿着宽度为10至1000μm的流动通道，使得发生基本层流的反应物。 反应发生在相之间的界面上，并且未充分混合未反应的芳族化合物和反应剂。 优选的反应是硝化反应，其包括在包含硝化剂的第二相上包含有机芳族化合物的第一相的反应，以产生与起始相不同的化学组成的两个新相。 理想地分离生产的水相和有机相，使得最小污染发生。 这种类型的反应的其它实例包括使用硫酸作为磺化剂的芳族化合物的磺化。 芳族化合物在反应中缓慢消耗，产生单一的水相。

公开(公告)号：WO1998047843A1

公开(公告)日：1998-10-29

申请号：PCT/EP1997001921

申请日：1997-04-17

Applicant: NOVARTIS AG ,  SCHEUERMAN, Randall, A. ,  HENRICK, Clive, A.

Inventor： NOVARTIS AG

IPC: C07C37/60

CPC classification number: C07C37/60 ,  C07C41/06 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C39/30 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C43/225

Abstract: Preparation of 2,5-dichlorophenol by selectively oxidizing 1,4-dichlorobenzene using a peroxo-, hydroperoxo-, superoxo- or alkylperoxo-metal species in the presence of formic or an alkanoic acid.

Abstract translation: 通过在甲酸或链烷酸的存在下使用过氧化氢，过氧化，超氧代或烷基过氧化物 - 金属物质选择性氧化1,4-二氯苯来制备2,5-二氯苯酚。

公开(公告)号：WO1994019310A1

公开(公告)日：1994-09-01

申请号：PCT/PT1994000001

申请日：1994-02-25

Applicant: INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ENGENHARIA E TECNOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL ,  SILVA GIGANTE CARVALHEIRO, Bárbara, Manuela ,  LASZLO, Pierre ,  CORNÉLIS, André ,  VIDAL DE OLIVEIRA BAPTISTA MARCELO CURTO, Maria, Joao

Inventor： INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ENGENHARIA E TECNOLOGIA INDUSTRIAL

IPC: C07C201/08

CPC classification number: C07D307/70 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07D333/42 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/22 ,  C07C205/23 ,  C07C205/43 ,  C07C205/44 ,  C07C205/55 ,  C07C205/37

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the nitration of aromatic substrates. In one process, an aromatic substrate is reacted with a silicate, optionally modified with a metal nitrate, in the presence of an acid anhydride and an organic solvent, followed by the addition of reduced amounts of nitric acid. Isolation of the nitrated products involves filtration, washing and solvent removal. This process can produce either mono- or polynitrated aromatic compounds depending upon the conditions selected and the aromatic substrate. The present invention also provides related processes for the nitration of strongly activated aromatic substrates using only silicates modified with metal nitrate in the presence of acid anhydrides and an organic solvent. All of these processes provide advantages in yield, cost, and safety over the industrial methods of nitration using mixed acids.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于硝化芳族底物的方法。 在一个方法中，芳族底物与在酸酐和有机溶剂的存在下任选用金属硝酸盐改性的硅酸盐反应，然后加入减少量的硝酸。 硝化产物的分离包括过滤，洗涤和除去溶剂。 该方法可以根据所选择的条件和芳族底物产生单或多价芳族化合物。 本发明还提供了在酸酐和有机溶剂的存在下仅使用金属硝酸盐改性的硅酸盐硝化强活性芳族基底的相关方法。 与使用混合酸的硝化工业方法相比，所有这些方法在产量，成本和安全性方面都有优势。