Abstract:
A fluidic control system includes featured layers. The featured layers include two or more features which collectively form at least one functional component.
Abstract:
An electrochemical cell structure has an electrical current-carrying structure which, at least in part, underlies an electrochemical reaction layer. The cell comprises an ion exchange membrane with a catalyst layer on each side thereof. The ion exchange membrane may comprise, for example, a proton exchange membrane. Some embodiments of the invention provide electrochemical cell layers which have a plurality of individual unit cells formed on a sheet of ion exchange membrane material.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention relate to an electrochemical cell system including a cover that affects reactant flow into an electrochemical cell array.
Abstract:
Fuel cell systems and methods having reduced volumetric requirements are described. The systems include, among other things, an enclosed region formed by the bonding of a fuel cell layer with a fluid manifold. The enclosed region transforms into a fluid plenum when, for example, a fluid exiting a manifold outlet pressurizes the enclosed region causing one or more portions of the fuel cell layer and/or the fluid manifold to deform away from each other.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the invention relate to a fluid enclosure including a stru ctural filler and an outer enclosure wall conformably coupled to the structu ral filler. Embodiments of the present invention further relate to a method of manufacturing a fluid enclosure. The method includes conformably coupling an outer enclosure wall to a structural filler.
Abstract:
The invention describes a fuel cell comprising two or more substrate components; an ion exchange membrane having at least two edges, and at least two of the edges in contact with at least a portion of one of the substrate components; two electrochemical reaction layers located on opposite sides of the ion exchange membrane, each electrochemical reaction layer having an inner surface at least partially in contact with the ion exchange membrane and an outer surface opposite the inner surface; two or more current-carrying structures, each current-carrying structure having at least one contact portion in electrical contact with an associated one of the electrochemical reaction layers and at least a portion of each current-carrying structure located inwardly from the inner surface of the associated electrochemical layer, wherein each current-carrying structure is substantially embedded in at least one substrate component. The invention further describes a method for operating an electrochemical cell.
Abstract:
A fuel cell system including, among other things, one or more of a fuel cell, a fuel reservoir, a current collecting circuit, a plenum, or a system cover. The fuel reservoir is configured to store fuel, and may include a regulator for controlling an output fuel pressure and a refueling port. A surface of the fuel reservoir may be positioned adjacent a first fuel cell portion. The current collecting circuit is configured to receive and distribute fuel cell power and may be positioned adjacent a second fuel cell portion. The plenum may be formed when the fuel reservoir and the first fuel cell portion are coupled or by one or more flexible fuel cell walls. The system cover allows air into the system and when combined when a fuel pressure in the plenum, may urge contact between the fuel cell and the current collecting circuit.
Abstract:
One aspect of the invention provides an ion-conducting membrane (20) comprising an ion-conducting region (33) and a non-ion-conducting region (35A, 35B). The ion-conducting region is formed by a plurality of ion-conducting passageways (27) that extend through the membrane. The passageways are filled with ion-conducting material (26) and may be surrounded by non-ion conducting material. The membrane may comprise a substrate (21) of non-ion-conducting material that is penetrated by openings (24), each opening providing a corresponding one of the passageways.
Abstract:
The invention is a fuel cell(8) made of a fuel plenum(10) with fuel(11), an oxidant plenum(16) with oxidant(13), a porous substrate(12) communicating the fuel(11) and oxidant plenum(16), a channel(14) formed by the porous substrate, an anode(28), a cathode(30), electrolyte(32) in a portion of the channel contacting the anode and the cathode preventing transfer of fuel to the cathode and preventing transfer of oxidant to the anode, a first coating(34) to prevent fuel from entering a portion of the porous substrate, a second coating(36) to prevent oxidant from entering a portion of the porous substrate, two sealant barriers(44,46), and a positive(50) and negative(48) electrical connection, wherein the invention also involves a multiple fuel cell layer structure, a bi-level fuel cell layer structure, and a method for making a fuel cell layer.
Abstract:
A method for operating a passive, air-breathing fuel cell system is described. In one embodiment, the system comprises one or more fuel cells, and a closed fuel plenum connected to a fuel supply. In some embodiments of the method, the fuel cell cathodes are exposed to ambient air, and the fuel is supplied to the anodes via the fuel plenum at a pressure greater than that of the ambient air.