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    Control of wave length in wave guide and coaxial lines
    55.
    发明专利
    Control of wave length in wave guide and coaxial lines 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB677385A

    公开(公告)日：1952-08-13

    申请号：GB2103850

    申请日：1950-08-25

    Applicant: FED TELECOMM LAB INC

    IPC: H01P7/02 ,  H01Q3/44 ,  H01Q21/12

    Abstract: 677,385. Discharge apparatus. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. (Federal Telecommunication Laboratories, Inc.). Aug. 25, 1950, No. 21038/50. Class 39 (i). [Also in Groups XL (b) and XL (c)] A radiating system comprises a transmission line 2 bearing a number of radiator elements 3 and 4, and containing a medium whose dielectric constant can be varied by setting up a controllable electronic charge density therein. This enables the wave length in the line to be maintained constant, even though the frequency of the transmitted waves is changed. As shown, an envelope 9 containing a rare gas, such as krypton or xenon, is inserted in a coaxial line 6 and'a discharged is maintained between electrodes 12 and 13 therein. Part of the output of the line is branched to a frequency discriminator 16, which controls a valve 17 forming a variable resistance in a circuit including electrodes 12 and 13. By arranging a suitable magnitude of the resistance in this. circuit, the arrangement will automatically maintain the wave length in line 6 constant, despite frequency variation of the transmitted energy.

    Electric pulse communication systems employing supersonic cells
    56.
    发明专利
    Electric pulse communication systems employing supersonic cells 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB649998A

    公开(公告)日：1951-02-07

    申请号：GB1118048

    申请日：1948-04-23

    Applicant: FED TELECOMM LAB INC

    IPC: H04J14/08 ,  H04N5/66

    Abstract: 649,998. Light valves. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. (Federal Telecommunication Laboratories, Inc.). April 23, 1948, No. 11180. [Class 40 (iii)] [Also in Group XL (c)] A receiver for a pulse multiplex system comprises a supersonic-wave light-modulating cell, means for propagating mechanical supersonic waves derived from the received pulse-modulated signals through the cell, through which is also passed light in a direction transverse to that of the supersonic waves, and a stop which blocks the light passing through the cell in the absence of a supersonic wave, the light passing the stop when supersonic waves pass through the cell and impinging upon one or more photo-electric cells which deliver outputs corresponding to the modulating signals. In the arrangement of Fig. 1, pulse-modulated signals received at 2 are used to modulate the output of a supersonic-wave generator 3. The output of generator 3 is applied to a supersonic cell 4 comprising quartz-crystal transducer 5, liquid 6 and an absorber 7 terminating the mechanical line formed by the cell. Unit 18 selects synchronizing pulses from the output of receiver 2 and applies them to a light-control unit 17 which causes light source 13 to flash briefly once for every synchronizing pulse received. In the absence of any mechanical signals in the cell, the light from the source 13 is brought to a focus upon the stop 8 ; however, the light passing through a mechanical pulse is deflected past the stop and brought to focus upon the appropriate one of the photoelectric cells 11 which are arranged behind respective apertures in the plate 12. The output from each cell comprises the modulation conveyed by a respective channel ; the arrangement described acts as a demodulator which may be used for either amplitudemodulated or time-modulated pulse trains. In Fig. 3 a continuous light source 13 is employed, the light from which is passed through a cell 21 through which supersonic waves corresponding to the synchronizing pulses are passed. The light passing through the cell, apart from that deflected by the mechanical pulse, is focused on to a stop 27, the light passing the stop being limited by an aperture (not shown) situated close to lens 28 to produce a narrow parallel beam through cell 4 to which the received pulse trains are applied. The light from the cell 21 accordingly scans the cell 4, passing each of the pulses therein in turn causing the corresponding one of the photo-electric cells 32 to be illuminated. In a further embodiment, Fig. 4 (not shown), an arrangement similar to that of Fig. 3 is used except that the spot of light from the cell 22 scans the cell 4 in the same direction as the supersonic waves travel through it and that a single photo-cell only is used. A single mechanical pulse is consequently illuminated during the whole of its passage through the cell 4 and the output of the photo-cell corresponds to one channel only. Different channels may be selected by a delay network inserted into the circuit after the synchronizing-pulse selector 18 or by adjusting the length of delay line 21.

    Telecommunication exchange
    57.
    发明专利
    Telecommunication exchange 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB647773A

    公开(公告)日：1950-12-20

    申请号：GB646247

    申请日：1947-03-07

    Applicant: FED TELECOMM LAB INC

    IPC: H04Q3/52 ,  H04Q11/04

    Abstract: 647,773. Automatic exchange systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. (Federal Telecommunication Laboratories, Inc.). March 7, 1947, No. 6462. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Sept. 15, 1947.] [Class 40 (iv)] [Also in Group XL (a)] An automatic exchange system incorporates an electronic sequence switch. When the calling party lifts his handset 10 kc. pulses so produced in the distributer 2 seize a line-finder as described in Specification 645,871 which opens the gate 41. Dialled impulses passed thereby are demodulated, each impulse then operating the flip-flop pair 61, 62 to transmit pulses to the tens and units gates 93, 106. The former of these is biassed by the electronic sequence switch 90 in its home position, to pass the pulses to condenser 82b and the charge so built up deflects the beam of the register 91 on to the particular electrode 78b representing the first digit. Valves 96, 97 change over during each impulse train, at end of which their restoration causes a pulse 103 to be delivered to condenser 82a to step the sequence switch 90. With the latter in its second position 106 is biassed to transmit the units digit to set the register 92. As described, the exchange comprises 20 lines, the tens digits taking values 1 . . . 4 and the units digits 1 ... 5. The beam of distributer 110 rotates continuously at 10 kc., 4 dynodes being swept per revolution, so providing to the gate 121 a pulse 118 of a duration which embraces all the time positions of the lines in the particular tens group registered on switch 91. The beam of distributer 111 rotates at 50 kc. and feeds pulses 122 to the gate 121 at the time positions of all lines having the particular units digit registered on switch 92. Gate 121 produces pulses only when pulses 118, 122 coincide, i.e. at the 'time position of the called line. If the called line is idle then switch 90 is stepped from its third to its fourth position by a pulse from 129. If, however, the called line is busy, coincidence of pulses incoming from the distributer with those obtained from gate 121 changes over valves 138, 139 to block valve 129 and prevent 90 from stepping. In the fourth position of 90 valves 141, 142 are unblocked, the former transmitting ringing current to the called line via the output gate 43. When the called subscriber answers 138, 139 change over as described above to step switch 90 to its fifth position by a pulse from 142. Speech then ensues as described in Specification 645,871. When the called subscriber hangs up a positive pulse emitted from valve 37 on release of the line-finder causes release tubes 158 ... 160 to discharge condenser 82a ... 82c to return the beams of switches 90 . . . 92 to their home positions. Switch construction. The electronic switches 90 ... 92 each comprise the usual cathode 70, focusing arrangements 72 ... 74 and a pair of deflecting plates 75, 76. The beam may fall on any one of a number of dynodes 78, the secondary emission from which is collected by the anode 80. The beam before impinging on a dynode passes through a corresponding slot in a metal screen 77 which is connected as shown in Fig. 7 to the condenser 82 which provides the deflection voltage. After this condenser has received the desired charge, this leaks away until the edge of the beam reaches the edge of a slot whereupon the screen collects enough electrons from the beam to stabilize the charge on 82 and consequently the beam.

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