公开(公告)号：US20190356500A1

公开(公告)日：2019-11-21

申请号：US16525649

申请日：2019-07-30

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  John H.W. Bettink

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/761

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for generating a bit-indexed forwarding table (BIFT) that includes a plurality of entries, each of which corresponds to a bit position of a number of bit positions. Each such bit position represents an egress network node of a plurality of egress network nodes. The BIFT is generated from an existing BIFT that includes a number of existing BIFT entries. Further, the generating configures the BIFT to be used in forwarding a packet to one or more of the egress nodes, based at least in part on a bit string in the packet. In one embodiment, the generating includes selecting a bit position of the plurality of bit positions as a selected bit position, creating an entry of the plurality of entries, and converting an existing BIFT entry of the plurality of existing BIFT entries to the entry of the plurality of entries.

公开(公告)号：US10484303B2

公开(公告)日：2019-11-19

申请号：US15689027

申请日：2017-08-29

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Neale Ranns ,  David Ward ,  Michael Francis O'Gorman

IPC: H04L12/931 ,  H04L29/08 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L12/761

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving from a host node comprising a tenant multicast application with a single tenant deployment, an encapsulated multicast packet over unicast at a virtual replicator, the encapsulated multicast packet comprising receiver information for the virtual replicator, replicating the encapsulated multicast packet at the virtual replicator, and transmitting the encapsulated multicast packet over unicast to a plurality of receiving nodes based on the receiver information. The receiving nodes comprise the tenant multicast application and the virtual replicator operates in a cloud without multicast capability. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

公开(公告)号：US20190327168A1

公开(公告)日：2019-10-24

申请号：US16457339

申请日：2019-06-28

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Toerless Eckert ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Neale D. R. Ranns

IPC: H04L12/761 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/703

Abstract: Methods, network devices and computer readable media are disclosed for traffic-engineered forwarding through a new form of bit indexed explicit replication. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, at an ingress node of a network, a message associated with a message flow, obtaining a message bit array corresponding to the message flow, encapsulating the message with the message bit array to form an encapsulated message, and forwarding the encapsulated message into the network. Bit positions in the message bit array are assigned to separate segments of a path or tree in the network, and an explicit path or tree for the message flow is defined as an end to end connection of multiple segments assigned bit positions having a first bit value in the message bit array.

公开(公告)号：US20190280988A1

公开(公告)日：2019-09-12

申请号：US16422449

申请日：2019-05-24

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Neale D. R. Ranns ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd

IPC: H04L12/911 ,  H04L12/703

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing fast fail-over. One method involves electing a first node as a designated forwarder node and electing a second node as a backup designated forwarder node. Prior to detecting a loss of connectivity between the designated forwarder node and the local network, the method elects both the designated forwarder node and the backup designated forwarder node, and the designated forwarder node forwards to a core network at least a first packet received from a local network. Subsequent to detecting a loss of connectivity, using the backup designated forwarder node to forward an instance of a second packet to the core network. In one embodiment, the backup designated forwarder node forwards an instance of the second packet, via a tunnel, to the designated forwarder node, which then forwards the instance of the second packet to the core network following the loss of connectivity.

公开(公告)号：US10305818B2

公开(公告)日：2019-05-28

申请号：US15797485

申请日：2017-10-30

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Neale D. R. Ranns ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd

IPC: H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/911

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing fast fail-over. For example, one method involves electing a first node as a designated forwarder node and electing a second node as a backup designated forwarder node, where the designated forwarder node is used to forward at least a first packet to a downstream node. The method further involves detecting a loss of connectivity between the designated forwarder node and a downstream receiver node, where the designated forwarder node and the backup designated forwarder node are both elected prior to the loss of connectivity occurring. Moreover, subsequent to detecting the loss of connectivity, the method uses the backup designated forwarder node to forward at least a second packet to the downstream receiver node.

公开(公告)号：US20180316520A1

公开(公告)日：2018-11-01

申请号：US15582090

申请日：2017-04-28

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Neale D. R. Ranns ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Nagendra Kumar Nainar

IPC: H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/741

CPC classification number: H04L45/745 ,  H04L45/50

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for traversal, within a network configured for bit indexed forwarding, of a subnetwork having nodes not configured for bit indexed forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, from a first network node not configured for bit indexed forwarding, a data message comprising a local label and a message bit array. Bit values in the message bit array identify intended destination nodes for the message. The embodiment further includes modifying the message bit array to exclude as intended destination nodes for the message any nodes not represented by one or more relative bit positions associated with the local label and stored in an ingress filter data structure. In addition, the embodiment includes forwarding a copy of the data message to a second network node, which is configured for bit indexed forwarding, identified in an accessed entry of a bit indexed forwarding table.

公开(公告)号：US09948574B2

公开(公告)日：2018-04-17

申请号：US15253025

申请日：2016-08-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Christian Martin

IPC: H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/927 ,  H04L12/741 ,  H04L12/723

CPC classification number: H04L47/806 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/745 ,  H04L2212/00

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a node a multicast message comprising a message header, where the message header comprises an incoming message bit array and a set identifier value associated with the incoming message bit array. The method further comprises selecting a first forwarding table entry, the first forwarding table entry comprises a set identifier value matching that of the message header. The method further comprises comparing at least a portion of the incoming message bit array to a corresponding portion of a neighbor bit array of the first forwarding table entry, determining that for at least one relative bit position a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node, and forwarding a copy of the message to the first neighboring node.

公开(公告)号：US20170324575A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-09

申请号：US15658110

申请日：2017-07-24

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  John H.W. Bettink

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/741

CPC classification number: H04L12/1886 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/745

Abstract: Various systems and methods for performing bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). For example, one method involves receiving a packet at a node. The packet includes a bit string. The node traverses the bit string and selects an entry in a bit indexed forwarding table (BIFT). The entry includes a forwarding bit mask. Based on the forwarding bit mask and the bit string, the node forwards the packet.

公开(公告)号：US20170142006A1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-18

申请号：US15401829

申请日：2017-01-09

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Christian Martin

IPC: H04L12/723 ,  H04L12/801 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/741

CPC classification number: H04L45/50 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/745 ,  H04L47/33

Abstract: A method and network device are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, the method includes receiving at a node configured to use a bit-indexed forwarding table a multicast message comprising an incoming message bit array. The method further includes comparing the incoming message bit array to a first neighbor bit array within a first forwarding table entry, and determining that for at least one relative bit position in the bit arrays a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node. The method further includes forwarding toward the first neighboring node a copy of the message, where a first node on the path of the forwarded message is not configured to use a respective bit-indexed forwarding table. An embodiment of the device includes a network interface, a memory and a processor configured to perform steps of the method.

公开(公告)号：US20170099232A1

公开(公告)日：2017-04-06

申请号：US15253025

申请日：2016-08-31

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Gregory J. Shepherd ,  Ijsbrand Wijnands ,  Christian Martin

IPC: H04L12/927 ,  H04L12/741

CPC classification number: H04L47/806 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/50 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L45/745 ,  H04L2212/00

Abstract: Methods and network devices are disclosed for multicast forwarding. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a node a multicast message comprising a message header, where the message header comprises an incoming message bit array and a set identifier value associated with the incoming message bit array. The method further comprises selecting a first forwarding table entry, the first forwarding table entry comprises a set identifier value matching that of the message header. The method further comprises comparing at least a portion of the incoming message bit array to a corresponding portion of a neighbor bit array of the first forwarding table entry, determining that for at least one relative bit position a corresponding destination node is both a destination for the message and a reachable destination from a first neighboring node, and forwarding a copy of the message to the first neighboring node.