Abstract:
Single mode optical fiber waveguides with reduced bending losses for wavelength range of 1300 nm to 1700 nm are disclosed. The extended ranges ar e achieved by altering the optical characteristics of the fiber, namely, the M AC number, the mode field diameter ("MFD"), and the cut-off wavelength. The single mode fibers disclosed exhibit a lower MFD and higher cut-off wavelength. In addition, optical fiber transmission systems, wave division multiplexing ("WDM") systems, and optical fiber ribbon cables are disclosed that incorporate the single mode optical fiber. Figure 2 shows the refractiv e index profile as a function of the fiber radius. Figure 6 illustrates a ribb on cable (700) with 4 fibers in a matrix material (708). Each fiber consists of a central core (702), a cladding layer (703), a primary (704) and a secondary polymer layer (705) and a colored ink coating layer (706).
Abstract:
Optical pathways along optical fibers, including multiple cores or multiple modes, are arranged with positive and negative dispersion characteristics. Coupling or connecting mechanisms regulate relative lengths of travel between the pathways having different dispersion characteristics so the total dispersion of the combined pathways approaches zero dispersion over a range of signal wavelengths intended for transmission.
Abstract:
Optical signals are dispersed according to their wavelength by an optical path length difference generator that couples a single pathway conveying a plurality of different wavelength signals to multiple pathways separately conveying the different wavelength signals. The optical path length generator can be formed by a reflective stack having a plurality of partially reflective surfaces for reflecting successive portions of the energy of each of the different wavelength signals along different length optical paths.
Abstract:
An interference filter (10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, or 190) filters selected wavelengths by dividing an input beam into two or more intermediate beams having different optical path lengths and by recombining the intermediate beams into an output beam that is modified by interference between the intermediate beams. An optical path length difference generator (20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, or 200) varies the optical path lengths of the intermediate beams by changing the physical lengths of their paths or the refractive indices of the mediums in which they are conveyed. The optical path length generator (20) of one exemplary embodiment (10) includes a spacer plate (20) that is divided into elements (22 and 24) having different refractive indices for varying the optical path lengths of the intermediate beams. Another optical path length difference generator (140) is formed by a stack of partially reflective surfaces (144) that are spaced apart in the direction of beam propagation by at least one nominal wavelength for varying the physical path lengths between the intermediate beams.
Abstract:
Wavelength dispersion in an optical demultiplexer (10) is accomplished by varying propagation constants of a central pathway (16) traverse to the direction of wavefront propagation through the central pathway (16). The propagation constant can be varied by changing the dimensions or refractive qualities of the central pathway, which can be formed as a common waveguide (36) or as plurality of individual waveguides (16).
Abstract:
A single mode optical waveguide having reduced polarization mode dispersion and a method of making such a waveguide is disclosed. Perturbations (6, 8) are introduced into the waveguide core (4) to couple power between the two polarization modes. A model calculation shows that the perturbation length may be of the order of the correlation length. The inventive waveguide is robust in that polarization mode dispersion is reduced even if perturbations (6, 8) are impressed on the fiber after manufacture.
Abstract:
A single mode optical waveguide having reduced polarization mode dispersion and a method of making such a waveguide is disclosed. Perturbations (6, 8) are introduced into the waveguide core (4) to couple power between the two polarization modes. A model calculation shows that the perturbation length may be of the order of the correlation length. The inventive waveguide is robust in that polarization mode dispersion is reduced even if perturbations (6, 8) are impressed on the fiber after manufacture.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a single mode optical waveguide fiber having periodic perturbations (2) in the core to provide a birefringence which mixes the polarization modes of launched ligth. In addition, pertubations (4) are introduced into the core which serve to manage total dispersion. The total dispersion of preselected segments (6, 8) of the waveguide are caused to change sign so that the sum of products, total dispersion times length (13, 15), algebraically add to a preselected value. The two distinct core perturbation types serve to control both polarization mode dispersion and total dispersion. Methods for making the subject waveguide are also discussed.
Abstract:
A transverse closed-loop fiber resonator ( 10 ) includes an inner cladding ( 102 ) having a surface ( 300 ) peripherally forming a closed-loop shape for confining light to the surface ( 300 ). The inner cladding has a first diameter thickness ( 104 ) and a first index of refraction profile in a cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop fiber resonator ( 10 ). A ringed-core ( 120 ) corresponding to the closed-loop shape is disposed on the corresponding surface of the inner cladding ( 102 ). The ringed-core ( 120 ) has a second thickness ( 124 ) of material thinner than the first diameter thickness ( 104 ), and a second index of refraction profile greater than the first index of the inner cladding by an index delta in the cross-sectional portion of the transverse closed-loop fiber resonator such that the ringed-core can guide light within the ringed-core traversely around the closed-loop shape.