公开(公告)号：US20140234787A1

公开(公告)日：2014-08-21

申请号：US13772075

申请日：2013-02-20

Applicant: Jorge DE LA SOVERA

Inventor： Jorge DE LA SOVERA

IPC: F23G5/12 ,  F23G7/00 ,  F23C5/32 ,  F23C1/08 ,  F23C3/00

CPC classification number: F23G5/12 ,  F23C1/08 ,  F23C3/00 ,  F23C5/32 ,  F23C6/042 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23D14/04 ,  F23D17/002 ,  F23D2900/14241 ,  F23D2900/14701 ,  F23G7/008 ,  F23L9/02

Abstract: A mixed-fuel vacuum burner-reactor includes a primary combustion chamber having a conical interior and a first set of directing blades. The conical interior is connected to an intake manifold on one end and a reduction nozzle on the other end. Injectors are mounted perpendicularly to the reduction nozzle to inject a second fuel into the primary combustion chamber. The reduction nozzle is connected to a cylindrical secondary combustion chamber having a second set of directing blades configured to direct air into the secondary combustion chamber. Methods of efficiently burning mixed fuels in a triple-vortex vacuum burner-reactor are also disclosed. Vacuum conditions are created and fuels are introduced into a conical primary combustion chamber. The fuels are passed over a first set of directing blades to form three vortices before additional fuels are injected in a direction opposite to a direction of rotation of the first set of fuels.

Abstract translation: 混合燃料真空燃烧器 - 反应器包括具有锥形内部的第一燃烧室和第一组引导叶片。 锥形内部连接到一端的进气歧管和另一端的减压喷嘴。 喷射器垂直于减压喷嘴安装，以将第二燃料喷射到主燃烧室中。 还原喷嘴连接到具有构造成将空气引导到二次燃烧室中的第二组引导叶片的圆柱形二次燃烧室。 还公开了在三涡流真空燃烧器 - 反应器中有效燃烧混合燃料的方法。 产生真空条件并将燃料引入锥形初级燃烧室。 在另外的燃料以与第一组燃料的旋转方向相反的方向喷射燃料之前，燃料通过第一组引导叶片形成三个涡流。

公开(公告)号：US20140007623A1

公开(公告)日：2014-01-09

申请号：US13540771

申请日：2012-07-03

Applicant: Mark William Charbonneau ,  Kevin Patrick McHugh

Inventor： Mark William Charbonneau ,  Kevin Patrick McHugh

IPC: C03B37/02 ,  F23D14/46 ,  F23D14/70 ,  C03B37/07

CPC classification number: C03B37/0756 ,  C03B5/193 ,  C03B5/2353 ,  C03B5/2356 ,  C03B7/02 ,  C03B37/022 ,  C03B37/07 ,  C03B37/075 ,  C03B2201/00 ,  C03B2203/14 ,  C03B2203/16 ,  C03B2211/22 ,  C03B2211/23 ,  C03B2211/40 ,  C03B2211/60 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23C2201/20 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23D14/22 ,  F23D14/62 ,  F23D14/78 ,  Y02P40/55

Abstract: Processes and systems for producing glass fibers having regions devoid of glass using submerged combustion melters, including feeding a vitrifiable feed material into a feed inlet of a melting zone of a melter vessel, and heating the vitrifiable material with at least one burner directing combustion products of an oxidant and a first fuel into the melting zone under a level of the molten material in the zone. One or more of the burners is configured to impart heat and turbulence to the molten material, producing a turbulent molten material comprising a plurality of bubbles suspended in the molten material, the bubbles comprising at least some of the combustion products, and optionally other gas species introduced by the burners. The molten material and bubbles are drawn through a bushing fluidly connected to a forehearth to produce a glass fiber comprising a plurality of interior regions substantially devoid of glass.

Abstract translation: 用于生产具有使用浸没式燃烧胶机的无玻璃区域的玻璃纤维的方法和系统，包括将可玻璃化进料输送到熔化器熔融区的进料入口中，并用至少一个燃烧器加热可玻璃化材料， 氧化剂和第一燃料进入熔融区域内的熔融材料的高度。 燃烧器中的一个或多个被配置为向熔融材料施加热量和湍流，产生包含悬浮在熔融材料中的多个气泡的湍流熔融材料，所述气泡至少包括一些燃烧产物，以及任选的其它气体物质 由燃烧器介绍。 熔融材料和气泡通过流体连接到前炉的衬套拉伸以产生包括基本上不含玻璃的多个内部区域的玻璃纤维。

公开(公告)号：US08403662B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-26

申请号：US12665163

申请日：2008-06-19

Applicant: Tomoyuki Mikuriya ,  Toshiaki Yoshioka ,  Ryoichi Kawabata ,  Eiji Watanabe ,  Nobuhiro Onda ,  Takeo Nikkuni ,  Shuhei Wakamatsu ,  Susumu Mochida ,  Tadahiro Araake ,  Hiroyuki Nakamura

Inventor： Tomoyuki Mikuriya ,  Toshiaki Yoshioka ,  Ryoichi Kawabata ,  Eiji Watanabe ,  Nobuhiro Onda ,  Takeo Nikkuni ,  Shuhei Wakamatsu ,  Susumu Mochida ,  Tadahiro Araake ,  Hiroyuki Nakamura

IPC: F23D14/66

CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23D14/66 ,  F23L15/02 ,  F23N2037/02 ,  F23N2037/08 ,  Y02E20/348

Abstract: A combustion air supply apparatus 9 of alternating heat exchange type supplies combustion air and discharges combustion exhaust gas at a flow velocity of 80 to 200 m/sec. A burner assembly 4 is configured in such a manner that low-caloric fuel gas is pre-heated with heat of pre-combusting high-caloric fuel gas before the low-caloric fuel gas reaches a mixing starting space CA in the combustion chamber where the pre-combusting high-caloric fuel gas and the low-caloric fuel gas come to burn together in a full scale in the mixing starting space CA. When an air amount of the combustion air supplied through the high-temperature air supply ports of the plurality of fuel gas combustion apparatuses is defined as Q1 and an air amount of the pre-combustion air to be mixed with the high-caloric fuel gas, supplied from the fuel gas combustion apparatuses, is defined as Q2, a total air amount (Q1+Q2) is 1.02 to 1.10 times more than a theoretical air amount QS required for combustion, and a ratio of Q2/(Q1+Q2) is 0.011 to 0.047.

Abstract translation: 交替热交换型的燃烧用空气供给装置9以80〜200m /秒的流速供给燃烧空气并排出燃烧废气。 燃烧器组件4被构造成使得低热量燃料气体在预热燃烧高热量燃料气体的热量之前被预热，在低热量燃料气体到达燃烧室中的混合起始空间CA之前， 预燃烧高热量燃料气体和低热量燃料气体在混合起动空间CA中以一定范围一起燃烧。 当通过多个燃料气体燃烧装置的高温空气供给口供给的燃烧空气的空气量被定义为Q1和与高热量燃料气体混合的预燃空气的空气量时， 从燃料气体燃烧装置供给的燃料气体燃烧装置被定义为Q2，总空气量（Q1 + Q2）是燃烧所需的理论空气量QS的1.02〜1.10倍，Q2 /（Q1 + Q2）的比率 0.011〜0.047。

公开(公告)号：US20090078175A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-26

申请号：US11950615

申请日：2007-12-05

Applicant: Boris Nikolaevich Eiteneer ,  William Randall Seeker ,  Roy Payne

Inventor： Boris Nikolaevich Eiteneer ,  William Randall Seeker ,  Roy Payne

IPC: F23B10/00

CPC classification number: F23C1/00 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23C2900/01001 ,  F23G2201/70

Abstract: A fuel flexible furnace, including a main combustion zone, a reburn zone downstream from the main combustion zone, and a delivery system operably coupled to supplies of biomass and coal and configured to deliver the biomass and the coal as ingredients of first and reburn fuels to the main combustion zone and the reburn zone, with each fuel including flexible quantities of the biomass and/or the coal. The flexible quantities are variable with the furnace in an operating condition.

Abstract translation: 一种燃料柔性炉，包括主燃烧区，在主燃烧区下游的重燃区，以及可操作地耦合到生物质和煤的供应并被配置为将生物质和煤作为第一和再燃燃料的成分输送的输送系统， 主燃烧区和重燃区，每个燃料包括生物量和/或煤的灵活数量。 炉子在运行状态下的灵活数量是可变的。

公开(公告)号：US20050036926A1

公开(公告)日：2005-02-17

申请号：US10640262

申请日：2003-08-14

Applicant: Vitali Lissianski ,  Vladimir Zamansky ,  Peter Maly ,  William Seeker

Inventor： Vitali Lissianski ,  Vladimir Zamansky ,  Peter Maly ,  William Seeker

IPC: B01D53/34 ,  B01D53/64

CPC classification number: F23C1/00 ,  B01D53/64 ,  B01D2257/602 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301

Abstract: A method to reduce mercury in gas emissions from the combustion of low rank coal in a combustion system, said method including: combusting coal having a low chlorine content in the combustion system, wherein elemental mercury (Hg0) is released in the flue gas produced by the combustion of the low rank coal; releasing chlorine into the flue gas by combusting a coal having a high chlorine in the combustion system; reacting the elemental mercury and released chlorine in the flue gas to oxidize the mercury; adsorbing at least a portion of the oxidized mercury generated by the combustion of the coal with an adsorbent in the flue gas, and collecting the adsorbent with the oxidized mercury in a combustion waste treatment system.

Abstract translation: 一种在燃烧系统中减少来自低等级煤的燃烧的气体排放中的汞的方法，所述方法包括：在燃烧系统中燃烧具有低氯含量的煤，其中在烟道中释放元素汞（Hg） 由低级煤燃烧产生的气体; 通过在燃烧系统中燃烧具有高氯气的煤，将氯气释放到烟道气中; 使烟道气中的元素汞和释放的氯反应以氧化汞; 在烟道气中吸附由燃烧煤产生的至少一部分氧化汞和吸附剂，并在燃烧废物处理系统中用氧化汞收集吸附剂。

公开(公告)号：US20020061271A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-23

申请号：US09964853

申请日：2001-09-28

Inventor： Bert Zauderer

IPC: B01D053/50

CPC classification number: F23C6/047 ,  B01D53/502 ,  B01D53/504 ,  B01D53/60 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23D1/005 ,  F23J7/00 ,  Y02A50/2344 ,  Y02A50/2349

Abstract: A method for the combined reduction of sulfur dioxide, SO2, and nitrogen oxides, NOx, in the gas stream of a furnace from the combustion of fossil fuels is disclosed. In a narrow gas temperature zone in a furnace, NOx is converted to nitrogen by reaction with a reducing agent such as urea or ammonia with negligible residual ammonia and other reaction pollutants. In about this same temperature zone, SO2 will react with calcium oxide particles, derived from the calcination of lime, Ca(OH)2, or limestone, CaCO3, to form CaSO4 particles. A wide size distribution of aqueous droplets, containing dispersed lime or very fine limestone particles and dissolved urea or ammonia, is injected at the outer edge of the furnace gas zone at which the SO2 and NOx reduction reaction are effective. The key element in this invention is that the aqueous droplet size distribution is optimized for the specific furnace dimension while the concentration of the reactants, urea or ammonia and lime or very fine limestone, is optimized for optimum reaction rates. Special injectors produce the different size droplets that vaporize throughout said gas zone, thereby distributing said lime or limestone particles and urea or ammonia gas molecules exclusively throughout the combustion gas zone being treated. Also disclosed is a system to produce said aqueous mixture and effectively accomplish this injection. This method can be combined with other NOx and SO2 reduction processes to sharply reduce overall NOx and SO2 emissions from the combustion gas effluent.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种从化石燃料燃烧中将炉子气流中的二氧化硫，二氧化硫和氮氧化物，NOx组合减少的方法。 在炉中的窄气体温度区域，通过与还原剂如尿素或氨反应，将NOx转化为氮气，残余氨和其他反应污染物可忽略不计。 在这个相同的温度区内，SO2会与氧化钙颗粒发生反应，这些氧化钙颗粒来源于煅烧石灰，Ca（OH）2或石灰石CaCO3，形成CaSO 4颗粒。 在SO2和NOx还原反应有效的炉气区的外边缘处注入含有分散的石灰或非常细的石灰石颗粒和溶解的尿素或氨的水滴的大尺寸分布。 本发明的关键要素是针对特定的炉子尺寸优化了水滴尺寸分布，同时针对最佳反应速率优化了反应物，尿素或氨和石灰或非常细的石灰石的浓度。 特殊注射器产生在所有气体区域内蒸发的不同大小的液滴，从而将所述石灰或石灰石颗粒和尿素或氨气分子专门分布在被处理的整个燃烧气体区域。 还公开了一种制备所述含水混合物并有效地实现该注入的系统。 这种方法可以与其他NOx和SO2还原过程相结合，从而大大降低来自燃烧气体流出物的总体NOx和SO2排放。

公开(公告)号：US6130259A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-10

申请号：US135821

申请日：1998-08-18

Applicant: John J. Waycuilis

Inventor： John J. Waycuilis

IPC: C01B3/38 ,  C07C1/04 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23R3/34 ,  F23R3/36 ,  C07C27/06

CPC classification number: C01B3/382 ,  C10G2/32 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23R3/346 ,  F23R3/36 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0415 ,  C01B2203/062 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/127 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/141 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  Y02P20/123 ,  Y02P20/124

Abstract: A system and process are provided for converting a light hydrocarbon gas to a synthetic heavier hydrocarbon liquid. The system includes an autothermal reformer, a Fischer-Tropsch reactor and a Brayton cycle that are structurally and functionally integrated. In the practice of the process, a mixture of a hydrocarbon feed gas, a compressed air feed and process steam is fed to the autothermal reformer to produce a synthesis gas. The synthesis gas is fed to the Fischer-Tropsch reactor where it is catalytically reacted to produce heavy hydrocarbons. The outlet from the Fischer-Tropsch reactor is separated into water, a low heating value tail gas, and the desired hydrocarbon liquid product. The water is pressurized and heated to generate process steam. The tail gas is heated and fed with compressed air and steam to the Brayton cycle having a combustor and a series of power turbines and compressors. The tail gas and air feed are burned in the combustor to produce a combustion gas that is used to drive a power turbine linked by a shaft to an air compressor, thereby driving the air compressor. The system further includes a plurality of heat exchangers that enable heat to be recovered from the outlet of the autothermal reformer. The recovered heat is used to make the process steam as well as to preheat the hydrocarbon feed gas before it is fed to the autothermal reformer, preheat the synthesis gas before it is fed to the Fischer-Tropsch reactor and preheat the tail gas before it is fed to the combustor.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于将轻烃气体转化为合成较重烃液体的系统和方法。 该系统包括结构和功能集成的自热重整器，费 - 托反应器和布雷顿循环。 在该方法的实践中，将烃​​进料气体，压缩空气进料和工艺蒸汽的混合物供给到自热重整器以产生合成气。 将合成气送入费 - 托反应器，在其中催化反应生成重质烃。 费 - 托反应器的出口被分离成水，低热值尾气和所需的烃液体产物。 水被加压和加热以产生工艺蒸汽。 尾气被加热，并将压缩空气和蒸汽送入具有燃烧器和一系列动力涡轮机和压缩机的布雷顿循环。 尾气和空气进料在燃烧器中燃烧以产生用于将由轴连接的动力涡轮机驱动到空气压缩机的燃烧气体，从而驱动空气压缩机。 该系统还包括多个热交换器，其使热能够从自热重整器的出口回收。 回收的热量用于制造工艺蒸汽，以及在将烃进料气体进料到自热重整器之前对其进行预热，在将合成气送入费 - 托反应器之前对其进行预热，并在尾气预热之前预热尾气 进料到燃烧器。

公开(公告)号：US5908003A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-01

申请号：US908824

申请日：1997-08-08

Applicant: Harjit S. Hura ,  Bernard P. Breen

Inventor： Harjit S. Hura ,  Bernard P. Breen

IPC: F23C1/12 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23L7/00 ,  F23N5/00 ,  F23J11/00 ,  F23B5/00 ,  F23D1/00 ,  F23L1/00

CPC classification number: F23N5/006 ,  F23C1/12 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23L7/00 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301 ,  F23C2202/20 ,  F23N2037/08

Abstract: A process and apparatus for combustion of a solid carbonaceous material, for example coal, in which a mixture of the solid carbonaceous material and combustion air is injected into a combustion chamber and ignited, thereby forming a fuel-lean primary combustion zone. A gaseous fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in a region downstream of the primary combustion zone, thereby forming a fuel-lean secondary combustion zone. Temperature in the secondary combustion zone is in the range of about 1800.degree. F. to 2400.degree. F.

Abstract translation: 用于燃烧固体碳质材料（例如煤）的方法和装置，其中将固体碳质材料和燃烧空气的混合物注入燃烧室并点燃，从而形成贫燃料初级燃烧区。 气体燃料在主燃烧区域下游的区域中被注入到燃烧室中，从而形成贫燃料二次燃烧区域。 二次燃烧区的温度在约1800°F至2400°F的范围内。

公开(公告)号：US5366371A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-22

申请号：US53129

申请日：1993-04-26

Applicant: Momtaz N. Mansour ,  Ravi Chandran

Inventor： Momtaz N. Mansour ,  Ravi Chandran

IPC: B05B1/08 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C15/00 ,  F23D1/00 ,  F23D11/10 ,  F23C11/04

CPC classification number: F23C15/00 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23D1/005 ,  F23D11/10 ,  F23C2201/301

Abstract: An apparatus and process using a pulse combustor to atomize a liquid or slurry is provided. The apparatus includes a pulse combustor for generating a stream of atomization fluid and an oscillating flow field and introduction apparatus for introducing to the influence of the oscillating stream of atomization fluid a liquid or slurry to be atomized. Furthermore, an improved pulse combustion atomizer employing a T-shaped burner is provided.

Abstract translation: 提供了使用脉冲燃烧器来雾化液体或浆料的装置和方法。 该装置包括用于产生雾化流体的脉冲燃烧器和用于引入雾化流体的振荡流对待雾化的液体或浆料的影响的振荡流场和引入装置。 此外，提供了采用T形燃烧器的改进的脉冲燃烧雾化器。

公开(公告)号：US4981089A

公开(公告)日：1991-01-01

申请号：US391730

申请日：1989-08-08

Applicant: Heinz Spliethoff ,  Hartmut Spliethoff

Inventor： Heinz Spliethoff ,  Hartmut Spliethoff

IPC: F23B80/00 ,  F23C1/04 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23J15/00

CPC classification number: F23B90/06 ,  F23C6/04 ,  F23C6/047 ,  F23C2201/101 ,  F23C2201/301

Abstract: In a process to reduce the nitrogen monoxide emissions generated during the combustion of solid fuels, before the combustion takes place, the entire amount of solid fuel is degasified inside a performance combustion area (2). At least part of the gas obtained during the degasification of the solid fuel is utilized as reduction gas in one or several reduction areas (3) that have been placed following the performance combustion area (2). In an installation for the implementation of the process the degasification device for solid fuel has been configured as a degasification section (5) for the continuous passage of fuel and has been arranged inside the combustion unit (1), within the flue gas current.

Abstract translation: 在减少固体燃料燃烧过程中产生的一氧化碳排放的过程中，在发生燃烧之前，固体燃料的总量在性能燃烧区域（2）内脱气。 在固体燃料脱气期间获得的气体的至少一部分被用作已经放置在性能燃烧区域（2）之后的一个或多个还原区域（3）中的还原气体。 在用于实施该方法的装置中，固体燃料的脱气装置已经被配置为用于燃料的连续通过的脱气部分（5），并且已经被布置在燃烧单元（1）内部的烟道气流中。