Abstract:
Es wird eine Vorrichtung zur keramikartigen Beschichtung eines Substrates (2), wobei Mittel zum Aufbringen eines Werkstoffes (5, /), insbesondere mittels eines Plasmas (8), auf einer Oberfläche des Substrates (2) vorgesehen sind, vorgeschlagen, die gegenüber dem Stand der Technik eine keramische Beschichtung (3) von vergleichsweise temperaturempfindlichen Substraten (2) ermöglicht. Dies wird erfindungsgemäss ddurch erreicht, dass eine von einer Werkstoffs (5, 7) verschiedenen Energiequelle zum örtlich definierten Energieeintrag in den vor und/oder auf der Oberfläche befindlichen Werkstoff (3, 5, 7, 8) vorgesehen ist.
Abstract:
A method for determining the concentration of a reduced or oxidized form of a redox species in an electrochemical cell of the kind comprising a working electrode and a counter electrode spaced from the working electrode such that reaction products from the counter electrode arrive at the working electrode, the method comprising the steps of applying (21) an electric potential between the electrodes, such that the electro-oxidation of the redox species is diffusion controlled, determining the current as a function of time, estimating the magnitude of the steady state current (23), reversing the potential, again determining current as a function of time and estimating the reverse potential steady state (25).
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for determining the fouling effect of a feedstream on a filter having known characteristics disclosed. The method comprises passing the feedstream through a filter (5) having known characteristics; determining the change in resistance to flow of the feedstream across the filter, either continuously or over a number of time intervals and from this data, calculating a feed fouling index (FFI) representative of the fouling characteristics of the feedstream with respect to the filter. A method and apparatus for monitoring the operation of a filtration system is also disclosed the method comprising sampling system parameter values at selected locations within the filtration system at a predetermined sampling rate; generating a parameter profile characteristic from the sampled parameter values at predetermined intervals of time; and analysing the parameter profile characteristic to determine correct operation of the filtration system. A further method and apparatus of monitoring and controlling a filtering system based on backwash efficiency is also disclosed, the method comprising determining resistance values of filtering elements used in the filtering system at predetermined times during the backwash cycle of the system by monitoring a number of operating parameters of the system; calculating a backwash efficiency value representative of the efficiency of the backwash cycle of the filtering system using the resistance values determined; and controlling the operation of the filtering system in dependence on the value of the backwash efficiency calculated.
Abstract:
An improved apparatus and method are provided, for pumping fluids, such as water and/or hydrocarbons, from a subterranean formation or reservoir, through use of a cranked rod pumping (cranked rod pumping) apparatus for imparting reciprocating substantially vertical motion to a rod of a sucker-rod pump having a pump stroke. The cranked rod pumping apparatus includes a motor driven cranked mechanical actuator arrangement. The cranked mechanical actuator arrangement includes a cable coupled to a substantially vertically moveable member which is attached to the rod of the sucker-rod pump for imparting and controlling vertical motion of the rod of the sucker-rod pump.
Abstract:
An apparatus and method for pumping fluids with a winched rod pumping apparatus for imparting reciprocating substantially vertical motion to a rod of a sucker-rod pump. A winched rod pumping apparatus, includes a motor driven winch drum and cable mechanical actuator arrangement. The winch drum and cable mechanical actuator arrangement includes a substantially vertically moveable member attached to the rod of the sucker-rod pump. The vertical moveable member is coupled to one end of the cable and the other end of the cable is coupled to the winch drum. The winch drum is configured to rotate in one direction to index the rod in a vertical up direction and to index the rod in a vertical down direction, with the winch drum completing at least one full rotation and the rod completing one cycle. The rod cycle is in relation to a pumping cycle for the down hole pump.
Abstract:
Methods and devices disclosed herein relate to the use of a band electrode to create a two-component current in an electrochemical sensor, preferably for use with a blood glucose monitor. The dimensions of the band electrode are smaller than that of the solution deposited on it, hence one component of the current will result from planar diffusion and the second from edge diffusion. By analyzing the plotted currents, both the concentration and the diffusion coefficient of the target analyte can be determined simultaneously, which offers an improved accuracy over the art in concentration measurement. Methods and devices disclosed herein also relate to the use of multiple band electrodes of different widths to increase the speed of measurement without adversely affecting accuracy. Methods and devices disclosed herein further relate to the use of alternating pulse voltages to measure the concentration of an analyte, taking advantage of the faster recovery time for the concentration profile. The alternating pulses also tend to perturb the concentration profile in only a thin diffusion layer, allowing various layers of the sample to be interrogated.
Abstract:
The invention provides uses, methods, and kits for diagnosing an autoimmune disease, particularly scleroderma and systemic lupus erythematosus, in a subject by detecting the presence of one or more antibodies that specifically bind to one or more glycans in a subject sample.
Abstract:
A system and method are provided for controlling the speed of a motor driving a load that is electrically connected to a generator driven by an engine, through use of a first control feedback loop configured to control the rotor flux of the motor by controlling the field excitation of the generator, and a second control feedback loop configured to control the speed of the motor by controlling the throttle position of the engine.
Abstract:
Bei einem Bausatz für ein Polstermöbel, mit einer gepolsterten Sitzfläche, mit zwei Seitenteilen, wobei jedes der beiden Seitenteile als separates, von der gepolsterten Sitzfläche getrenntes Einzelteil vorliegt, und zur Verbindung mit einer der beiden Seiten der Sitzfläche vorgesehen ist, und mit wenigstens einer Traverse, welche als Stütze für die Sitzfläche dient und an beiden Seitenteilen festlegbar ist, schlägt die Erfindung vor, dass die gepolsterte Sitzfläche eigenstabil ausgestaltet ist und außer den Polstern auch festigkeitsgebende, als Rahmen bezeichnete Elemente aufweist, derart, dass die Sitzfläche unabhängig von den Seitenteilen handhabbar ist, und dass die Sitzfläche und die Seitenteile dem fertigen Polstermöbel entsprechend ausgestaltet sind.