公开(公告)号：US10826545B1

公开(公告)日：2020-11-03

申请号：US16582783

申请日：2019-09-25

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Rastislav Vazny ,  Joonhoi Hur

IPC: H04B1/10 ,  H01Q1/52 ,  H04B7/0413 ,  H01Q21/00 ,  H04B7/08

Abstract: Systems and methods for extracting polarized sub-signals from a dual-polarized signal includes isolating the polarized sub-signals using one or more filters. When a single filter is used to derive a first sub-signal, analog interference cancellation may be used to derive the second sub-signal. When two filters are used, the first and second sub-signals may each be derived using a corresponding filter.

公开(公告)号：US20200106474A1

公开(公告)日：2020-04-02

申请号：US16145857

申请日：2018-09-28

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Joonhoi Hur ,  Rastislav Vazny ,  Ronald W. Dimpflmaier

IPC: H04B1/58 ,  H04B1/44 ,  H04B1/525 ,  H03H7/46 ,  H04L5/14 ,  H04B1/04

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for operating in either frequency division duplexing (FDD) or time division duplexing (TDD) for wireless communications using the same electrical balance duplexer (EBD) circuitry in a transceiver device are provided. A series of switches may selectively couple components of the EBD, such as a low noise amplifier (LNA), a power amplifier (PA), and balancing impedance, to ground based on selected operation mode (e.g., FDD or TDD) while reducing insertion loss of the receiver (RX) and transmitter (TX) signals. Tuned matching network blocks for the LNA and PA may be used in addition to the series of switches to provide impedance matching for additional reduction of insertion loss.

公开(公告)号：US10541716B1

公开(公告)日：2020-01-21

申请号：US16146064

申请日：2018-09-28

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Rastislav Vazny ,  Joonhoi Hur ,  Ronald W. Dimpflmaier

IPC: H04B1/40 ,  H04B1/405 ,  H04B1/18 ,  H04B17/16 ,  H03F3/195

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving operational efficiency of a radio frequency system, which includes an antenna amplifier unit that amplifies a data stream while the data stream is being wirelessly communicated and another antenna amplifier unit that amplifies another data stream while the other data stream is being wirelessly communicated. The radio frequency system includes a transceiver amplifier unit coupled to the antenna amplifier unit via an electrical connector, in which the transceiver amplifier unit amplifies the data stream while the data stream is being wirelessly communicated, another transceiver amplifier unit coupled to the other antenna amplifier unit via another electrical connector, in which the other transceiver amplifier unit amplifies the other data stream while the other data stream is being wirelessly communicated, and an electrical connector switching device coupled between antenna-sides of the electrical connector and the other electrical connector.

公开(公告)号：US20250155565A1

公开(公告)日：2025-05-15

申请号：US19022334

申请日：2025-01-15

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Joonhoi Hur ,  Andreas Menkhoff ,  Bernhard Sogl ,  Jochen Schrattenecker ,  Rastislav Vazny

IPC: G01S13/42 ,  H01Q3/34

Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having a set of two or more antennas coupled to voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) sensors. The VSWR sensors may gather VSWR measurements from radio-frequency signals transmitted using the set of antennas. The antennas may be disposed on one or more substrates and/or may be formed from conductive portions of a housing. Control circuitry may process the VSWR measurements to identify the ranges between each of the antennas in the set of antennas and an external object. The control circuitry may process the ranges to identify an angular location of the external object with respect to the device. The control circuitry may adjust subsequent communications based, adjust the direction of a signal beam produced by a phased antenna array, identify a user input, or perform any other desired operations based on the angular location.

公开(公告)号：US12244546B2

公开(公告)日：2025-03-04

申请号：US17947813

申请日：2022-09-19

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Joonhoi Hur ,  Harald Pretl ,  Rastislav Vazny

IPC: H04B1/525 ,  H01P1/36 ,  H01Q3/36 ,  H03H7/00 ,  H04B1/44 ,  H04L5/14 ,  H04L27/20 ,  H04L27/22

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein relate to improving an available bandwidth for a transceiver of an electronic device and to reducing a footprint of an associated integrated circuit of the electronic device. To do so, an isolation circuit is disposed between a transmit circuit and a receive circuit. The isolation circuit has first and second signal paths. A first portion of the signal propagates along the first signal path and a second portion of the signal propagates along the second signal path. A non-reciprocal phase shifter is disposed on the first signal path to shift a phase of the first portion to match a phase of the second portion and improve isolation between the transmit circuit and the receive circuit. The phase-shifted first portion may be combined with the second portion to reduce or substantially eliminate an insertion loss caused by the isolation circuit.

公开(公告)号：US12181559B2

公开(公告)日：2024-12-31

申请号：US17331504

申请日：2021-05-26

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Joonhoi Hur ,  Andreas Menkhoff ,  Bernhard Sogl ,  Jochen Schrattenecker ,  Rastislav Vazny

IPC: G01S13/42 ,  H01Q3/34

Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having a set of two or more antennas coupled to voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) sensors. The VSWR sensors may gather VSWR measurements from radio-frequency signals transmitted using the set of antennas. The antennas may be disposed on one or more substrates and/or may be formed from conductive portions of a housing. Control circuitry may process the VSWR measurements to identify the ranges between each of the antennas in the set of antennas and an external object. The control circuitry may process the ranges to identify an angular location of the external object with respect to the device. The control circuitry may adjust subsequent communications based, adjust the direction of a signal beam produced by a phased antenna array, identify a user input, or perform any other desired operations based on the angular location.

公开(公告)号：US12166509B2

公开(公告)日：2024-12-10

申请号：US18327705

申请日：2023-06-01

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Joonhoi Hur ,  Rastislav Vazny

IPC: H04B1/00 ,  H03F1/02 ,  H03F1/56 ,  H04B1/12 ,  H04B1/38

Abstract: A duplexer may be used to isolate a transmitter and a receiver that share a common antenna. By using impedance gradients to provide impedances that cause balance-unbalance transformers (balun) of the duplexer to cut-off access to the common antenna rather than duplicate the antenna impedance, the duplexer is balanced. Such cut-offs may have a lower insertion loss than a duplexer that merely duplicates the antenna impedance to separate the differential signals of the receiver and transmitter from the common mode signal.

公开(公告)号：US20240322782A1

公开(公告)日：2024-09-26

申请号：US18680493

申请日：2024-05-31

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Björn Lenhart ,  Joonhoi Hur ,  Harald Pretl ,  Rastislav Vazny

IPC: H03H7/40 ,  G06N20/00 ,  H04B1/04 ,  H04B17/10 ,  H04B17/12

CPC classification number: H03H7/40 ,  G06N20/00 ,  H04B1/0458 ,  H04B17/104 ,  H04B17/12

Abstract: This disclosure provides techniques for impedance matching. A radio frequency (RF) device includes a power detector to determine a transmitter leakage and a post-processing unit to determine a receiver leakage, and determines if isolation is acceptable based on the leakages. The RF device may include a device for measuring antenna impedance. Otherwise, the RF device may select multiple tuner settings (e.g., capacitor values) for test signals to be transmitted and received at a target frequency, determine multiple sets of leakage values, determine multiple reflection coefficients based on the multiple sets of leakage values, and determine an estimated antenna impedance at the target frequency based on the reflection coefficients. The RF device then determines impedance tuner settings based on the measured or estimated antenna impedance. Alternatively, the RF device determines impedance tuner settings using an inverse machine-learning model based on a determined matching impedance.

公开(公告)号：US12013455B2

公开(公告)日：2024-06-18

申请号：US17200311

申请日：2021-03-12

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Joonhoi Hur ,  Bernhard Sogl ,  Jochen Schrattenecker ,  Andreas Menkhoff ,  Bin Xiao ,  Lucas Calderin ,  Andre Hanke ,  Harald Pretl ,  Rastislav Vazny

IPC: G01S13/08 ,  G01R27/06 ,  G01S7/00 ,  G01S7/03 ,  G01S7/41 ,  G01S13/86

CPC classification number: G01S13/08 ,  G01R27/06 ,  G01S7/003 ,  G01S7/03 ,  G01S7/412 ,  G01S13/86

Abstract: An electronic device may include a processor and wireless circuitry with transmit and receive antennas. Radar circuitry may use the transmit and receive antennas to perform spatial ranging on external objects farther than a threshold distance (e.g., 1-2 cm) from the transmit antenna. The wireless circuitry may include a voltage standing wave ration (VSWR) sensor coupled to the transmit antenna to detect the presence of objects within the threshold distance from the transmit antenna. This may serve to cover a blind spot for the radar circuitry near to the transmit antenna. The VSWR sensor may gather background VSWR measurements when other wireless performance metric data for the wireless circuitry is within a predetermined range of satisfactory values. The background VSWR measurements may be subtracted from real time VSWR measurements to perform accurate and robust ultra-short range object detection near to the transmit antenna.

公开(公告)号：US20240097639A1

公开(公告)日：2024-03-21

申请号：US17945826

申请日：2022-09-15

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Christof Pfannenmüller ,  Joonhoi Hur ,  Dominic Koehler ,  Harald Pretl ,  Rastislav Vazny

IPC: H03H7/42 ,  H03H7/46

CPC classification number: H03H7/425 ,  H03H7/463

Abstract: A differential double balanced duplexer (dDBD) includes a transmitter and a first balun are coupled to a first impedance tuner that produces a first impedance that blocks received signals at a first frequency range from travelling across the first balun and into the transmitter, and a second impedance that passes transmitted signals at a second frequency range to travel across the first balun to the antenna. The dDBD also includes a receiver and a second balun coupled to a second impedance tuner that produces a first impedance that allows the received signals at the first frequency range to travel across the second balun and into the receiver, and a second impedance that blocks the transmitted signals at the second frequency range from travelling across the second balun and into the receiver. As such, the dDBD allows for increased isolation and decreased insertion loss.