Abstract:
An optical device (15; 25; 315; 325; 345; 400; 500; 600; 700; 800) may include a light transmissive medium (450; 550; 650; 750; 850) having two sides. On one side may be a high reflectivity mirror (430; 530; 630; 830) and on the other side may be a plurality of partial reflectivity mirrors (460-466; 560-566; 662-666; 860-870) that may be guided mode resonance or nanodot mirrors. An optical system (25; 315; 325; 345; 500; 600; 700; 800) may have a plurality of light inputs, a light transmissive medium (550; 650; 750; 850), and a plurality of light outputs from the light transmissive medium (550; 650; 750; 850). The light transmissive medium (550; 650; 750; 850) may have a high reflectivity mirror (530; 630; 830) on one side and a plurality of partial reflectivity mirrors (560-566; 662-666; 860-870) on a second side.
Abstract:
A handheld device (310) includes: a transmitter or receiver (410) of a signal beam (340) for quantum key distribution; and a source (412, 414) of alignment beams (312, 314, 316, 318) that diverge from each other in a pattern that matches sensors (322, 324, 326, 328) on a station (320) containing a receiver or transmitter (430) for the quantum key distribution. The alignment beams from the handheld device (310) are of sufficient intensity to produce on the station visible spots that facilitate manual alignment of the handheld device (310). The station (320) can measure a position and a direction of respective alignment beams and dynamically steer the signal beam (340) according to the measurements.
Abstract:
An optical coupling system and method of fabrication are included. The optical coupling system includes a substrate layer and an optical waveguide material overlying the substrate layer. The optical waveguide material can include a grating. The system also includes a cover material overlying the optical waveguide material to couple an optical signal to the optical waveguide material via the grating at a coupling angle. Approximately zero energy of the coupled optical signal is lost in the substrate layer due to a combination of the coupling angle and a difference in refractive indices between the cover material and the substrate layer.
Abstract:
An integrated grating element system includes a first transparent layer formed on an optoelectronic substrate layer which includes at least two optoelectronic components, a first grating layer disposed on the first transparent layer which includes at least two sub-wavelength grating elements formed therein aligned with active regions of the optoelectronic components, and a second grating layer placed at a distance from the first grating layer such that light propagates between a diffraction grating element formed within the second grating layer and the at least two sub-wavelength grating elements.
Abstract:
Techniques to control light wavefronts are described herein. A plurality of sub-wavelength grating (SWG) layers includes a SWG layer. The SWG layer is arranged to control a light wavefront.
Abstract:
Optical polarizers and optical isolators and systems that incorporate the optical polarizers and isolators are disclosed. In one aspect, an optical isolator includes a Faraday crystal with a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, a first one-dimensional sub-wavelength grating disposed on the first surface, and a second one-dimensional sub-wavelength grating disposed on the second surface. The isolator is to receive a first input beam of light on the first grating and output a polarized first output beam of light through the second grating approximately parallel to the first input beam. The isolator is to also receive a second input beam of light on the second grating and output a polarized second output beam of light through the first grating with the second output beam offset from the second input beam.
Abstract:
In one example, a composite processor (100) includes a circuit board (1200), a first processor element package (1230), and a second processor element package (1240). The circuit board has an optical link (1211) and an electrical link (1221). The first processor element package (1230) includes a substrate (1231) with an integrated circuit (240), a sub-wavelength grating optical coupler (1232), and an electrical coupler (1233) coupled to the electrical link (1221) of the circuit board (1200). The second processor element package (1240) includes a substrate (1241) with an integrated circuit (240), a sub-wavelength grating optical coupler (1242), and an electrical coupler (1243) coupled to the electrical link (1221) of the circuit board (1220). The sub-wavelength grating optical coupler (1232) of the first processor element package (1230), the optical link (1211) of the circuit board (1220), and the sub-wavelength grating optical coupler (1242) of the second processor element package (1240) collectively define an optical communications path (1270) between the substrate (1231) of the first processor element package (1230) and the substrate (1241) of the second processor element package (1240).
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention relate to planar optical devices composed of one or more sub-wavelength diffraction grating layers. In one embodiment, an optical device includes a first substantially planar reflective structure (104,1904), a second substantially planar reflective structure (106,1906), and a substantially planar sub-wavelength grating layer (102,1902) disposed between the first reflective structure and the second reflective structure. The grating layer is configured with lines (208-211,214-217) having line widths, line thicknesses, and line period spacing selected to control phase changes in different portions of a beam of light transmitted through the optical device.
Abstract:
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems for performing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In one embodiment, a system (100, 400, 600, 800, 900, 950) for performing Raman spectroscopy comprises a substrate (102) substantially transparent to a range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation and a plurality of nanowires (104, 602) disposed on a surface of the substrate. The nanowires are substantially transparent to the range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a material disposed on each of the nanowires. The electromagnetic radiation is transmitted within the substrate, into the nanowires, and emitted from the ends of the nanowires to produce enhanced Raman scattered light from molecules located on or in proximity to the material.