公开(公告)号：US5816372A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-06

申请号：US304005

申请日：1994-09-09

Applicant: J. David Carlson ,  David M. Catanzarite

Inventor： J. David Carlson ,  David M. Catanzarite

IPC: A63B21/005 ,  A63B21/008 ,  A63B22/06 ,  A63B69/06 ,  A63B69/18 ,  F15B21/06 ,  F16D35/00 ,  F16D37/02 ,  F16D63/00 ,  F16F9/53 ,  F16F15/03

CPC classification number: F16D57/002 ,  A63B21/0056 ,  A63B21/00845 ,  F16F9/535 ,  Y10S482/903

Abstract: The invention relates to magnetorheological (MR) fluid devices and the process of controlling the force in exercise equipment by utilizing the MR fluid devices. The MR fluid devices include rotary and linear acting varieties and are useful for controlled forces in exercise bicycles, recumbent exercisers, ski machines, rowing machines, and stair stepper machines. The rotary MR fluid device is comprised of a rotor supported by bearings and received within a housing. An MR fluid is received adjacent the rotor and within a cavity in the housing and the MR fluid is controlled by an applied magnetic field to vary the operating torque resistance. Spring biasing the rotor allows for relaxed tolerances. Optimization of the Ri/Ro ratio is described which reduces the size and weight of the device. The linear acting version utilizes simple extensible pumps and an external MR fluid valve to provide a modularized system.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及磁流变（MR）流体装置和通过利用MR流体装置来控制运动装置中的力的过程。 MR流体装置包括旋转和线性作用品种，并且可用于运动自行车，卧式锻炼者，滑雪机，划船机和楼梯步进机中的受控力。 旋转MR流体装置包括由轴承支撑的转子并且容纳在壳体内。 MR流体接收在转子附近并且在壳体中的空腔内，并且MR流体由施加的磁场控制以改变操作扭矩电阻。 弹簧偏置转子允许放宽公差。 描述了Ri / Ro比的优化，其减小了装置的尺寸和重量。 线性作用版本使用简单的可扩展泵和外部MR流体阀来提供模块化系统。

公开(公告)号：US5711746A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-27

申请号：US613704

申请日：1996-03-11

Applicant: J. David Carlson

Inventor： J. David Carlson

IPC: A63B21/00 ,  A63B21/005 ,  A63B21/008 ,  A63B23/04 ,  A63B23/08 ,  A63B23/12 ,  A63B23/14 ,  A63B24/00 ,  F16D63/00

CPC classification number: F16D57/002 ,  A63B21/0056 ,  A63B21/00845 ,  A63B21/4047 ,  A63B23/03508 ,  A63B23/08 ,  A63B24/00 ,  A63B2220/16 ,  A63B23/0494 ,  A63B23/085 ,  A63B23/1281 ,  A63B23/14 ,  Y10S482/903

Abstract: A portable controllable fluid device (20a) for rehabilitation of injured limbs, appendages and joints (33a). The rehabilitation device (20a) includes a first bracket (22a) for fixedly securing to a first body part, such as a lower leg (25), a second bracket (24a) for fixedly securing to a second body part, such as a foot (26), and a controllable fluid brake (27a) such as a magnetorheological fluid brake including a magnetorheological fluid contained therein having a carrier fluid and disbursed magnetic particles, attached between the first bracket (22a) and second bracket (24a). The controllable fluid brake (27a), preferably acts in a rotary fashion and provides resistive forces about an axis adjacent said body joint (33a) to exercise the muscles upon movement of said first bracket (22a) relative to said second bracket (24a) resulting from movement of the user's first body part relative to the second body part. The device (20a) is portable and can be used to rehabilitate, for example, a wrist, elbow, knee or ankle joint in the user's home. The device (20a) allows variable adjustment of the level of resistance felt by the rehabilitating user by adjusting a controller (28a). In another embodiment, feedback information is used to control the level of resistance according to a predetermined force/torque profile(s). A potentiometer (53d) provides the feedback information regarding position to the controller (28a).

Abstract translation: 一种用于修复受伤肢体，附肢和关节（33a）的便携式可控流体装置（20a）。 康复装置（20a）包括用于固定地固定到诸如小腿（25）的第一主体部分的第一支架（22a），用于固定地固定到第二主体部分的第二支架（24a） （26），以及安装在第一支架（22a）和第二支架（24a）之间的可控流体制动器（27a），例如包含其中容纳有磁流变流体的磁流变流体制动器，具有载体流体和分散的磁性颗粒。 可控流体制动器（27a）优选地以旋转的方式起作用，并且围绕邻近所述主体接头（33a）的轴线提供阻力，以在所述第一支架（22a）相对于所述第二支架（24a）移动时锻炼肌肉，导致 从用户的第一身体部分相对于第二身体部分的移动。 装置（20a）是便携式的，并且可以用于在用户的家中修复例如手腕，肘部，膝盖或踝关节。 设备（20a）允许通过调节控制器（28a）可变地调节由修复用户感到的电阻水平。 在另一个实施例中，反馈信息用于根据预定的力/转矩曲线来控制电阻水平。 电位器（53d）向控制器（28a）提供关于位置的反馈信息。

公开(公告)号：US5693004A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-02

申请号：US610796

申请日：1996-03-11

Applicant: J. David Carlson ,  Mark D. Grabiner

Inventor： J. David Carlson ,  Mark D. Grabiner

IPC: A61N2/02 ,  A61H1/00

CPC classification number: A61N2/02

Abstract: A controllable fluid device (20) for rehabilitation of injured or weakened complex appendages such as the hands and feet. The controllable fluid device (20)includes a reservoir (34)which contains a sufficient amount of controllable fluid (52)such as a Magnetorheological (MR) fluid. A magnetic field generator (36)provides the magnetic field (H) which is applied to the controllable fluid (52) by a magnetic circuit (60). In one aspect, an electromagnet including a coil (58) and core (54) provides the magnetic field (H). The intensity of the magnetic field is controlled via a controller (38). In another aspect, the magnetic field (H) is provided by a permanent magnet (44) and a mechanical shunt mechanism (42) is used to vary the magnetic field intensity. Other embodiments include a heater unit (66) with optional thermostat (74).

Abstract translation: 一种可控流体装置（20），用于修复诸如手和脚之类的受伤或弱化的复杂附肢。 可控流体装置（20）包括储存器（34），其容纳足够量的可控流体（52），例如磁流变（MR）流体。 磁场发生器（36）通过磁路（60）提供施加到可控流体（52）的磁场（H）。 一方面，包括线圈（58）和铁心（54）的电磁铁提供磁场（H）。 通过控制器（38）控制磁场的强度。 另一方面，磁场（H）由永磁体（44）提供，机械分流机构（42）用于改变磁场强度。 其他实施例包括具有可选恒温器（74）的加热器单元（66）。

公开(公告)号：US5578238A

公开(公告)日：1996-11-26

申请号：US227297

申请日：1994-04-13

Applicant: Keith D. Weiss ,  J. David Carlson ,  Donald A. Nixon

Inventor： Keith D. Weiss ,  J. David Carlson ,  Donald A. Nixon

IPC: C10M125/04 ,  C10M125/10 ,  C10M125/12 ,  C10M171/00 ,  C10M177/00 ,  C10N10/04 ,  C10N10/06 ,  C10N10/08 ,  C10N10/12 ,  C10N10/16 ,  C10N20/06 ,  C10N30/00 ,  C10N30/06 ,  C10N40/14 ,  C10N70/00 ,  H01F1/28 ,  H01F1/44

CPC classification number: H01F1/447

Abstract: A magnetorheological material containing a carrier fluid and a magnetically active particle. The particle has been modified so that the surface of the particle is substantially free of contamination products. The contamination products are removed from the surface of the particle by abrader processing, chemical treatment or a combination thereof. Magnetorheological materials prepared using the particles from which contamination products have been removed exhibit significantly enhanced magnetorheological effects.

Abstract translation: dA磁流变材料，其含有载体流体和磁性活性颗粒。 颗粒已被改性，使得颗粒的表面基本上没有污染产物。 通过研磨剂处理，化学处理或其组合将污染产物从颗粒的表面除去。 使用去除污染物质的颗粒制备的磁流变材料显示出显着增强的磁流变效应。

公开(公告)号：US5382373A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-17

申请号：US968734

申请日：1992-10-30

Applicant: J. David Carlson ,  Keith D. Weiss

Inventor： J. David Carlson ,  Keith D. Weiss

IPC: C10M125/04 ,  C10M129/02 ,  C10M129/68 ,  C10M133/04 ,  C10N10/10 ,  C10N10/12 ,  C10N10/16 ,  C10N20/02 ,  C10N20/06 ,  C10N30/00 ,  C10N30/04 ,  C10N40/14 ,  H01F1/44 ,  H01F1/28

CPC classification number: H01F1/447 ,  H01F1/442

Abstract: A magnetorheological material containing a carrier fluid and an iron alloy particle component. The particle component can be either an iron-cobalt alloy or an iron-nickel alloy. The iron-cobalt alloy has an iron:cobalt ratio ranging from about 30:70 to 95:5 while the iron-nickel alloy has an iron:nickel ratio ranging from about 90:10 to 99:1. The iron alloy particle components are capable of imparting high yield stress capability to magnetorheological materials.

Abstract translation: 含有载体流体和铁合金颗粒组分的磁流变材料。 颗粒组分可以是铁 - 钴合金或铁 - 镍合金。 铁 - 钴合金的铁：钴比范围为约30:70至95:5，而铁镍合金的铁：镍比为约90:10至99:1。 铁合金颗粒组分能够赋予磁流变材料高的屈服应力能力。

公开(公告)号：US5284330A

公开(公告)日：1994-02-08

申请号：US900567

申请日：1992-06-18

Applicant: J. David Carlson ,  Michael J. Chrzan ,  Frank O. James

Inventor： J. David Carlson ,  Michael J. Chrzan ,  Frank O. James

IPC: F16F9/53 ,  F16F13/30 ,  H01F1/44 ,  F16F6/00

CPC classification number: F16F9/535 ,  F16F13/305 ,  H01F1/447

Abstract: This invention relates to sealless designs of magnetorheological fluid dampers. With these sealless designs a piston rod extends above and below a piston head within a cylindrical housing and has frustoconical elastomer elements attached to and between the rod and housing to allow translation of the piston head and rod. The piston head has a coil contained radially therein that produces magnetic flux in and around the piston. The advantages of utilizing an MR fluid according to the invention include magnetic fields which are easily produced by low voltage electromagnetic coils, damping effects which are velocity independent, and higher yield strength obtained by the MR fluid capable of generating greater damping forces.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及磁流变流体阻尼器的无密封设计。 通过这些无缝设计，活塞杆在圆柱形壳体内上下活动头，并且具有连接到杆和壳体之间并且在杆和壳体之间的截头圆锥形弹性体元件，以允许活塞头和杆的平移。 活塞头具有径向包含的线圈，其在活塞内部和周围产生磁通。 利用根据本发明的MR流体的优点包括易于由低压电磁线圈产生的磁场，与速度无关的阻尼效应以及由能够产生更大阻尼力的MR流体获得的较高的屈服强度。

公开(公告)号：US5277281A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-11

申请号：US900571

申请日：1992-06-18

Applicant: J. David Carlson ,  Michael J. Chrzan

Inventor： J. David Carlson ,  Michael J. Chrzan

IPC: F16F9/53 ,  F16F13/30 ,  H01F1/44 ,  F16F9/04

CPC classification number: H01F1/447 ,  F16F13/305 ,  F16F9/535

Abstract: Magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers are optimized. Dimensional relationships involved in the flow of magnetic flux are related to an operational parametric ratio of magnetic flux density in the fluid to the flux density in the steel. A magnetic valve is utilized to change the flow parameters of the MR fluid and, hence, the operational characteristics of the damper. Several embodiments depicting improved piston designs, including spool as well as toroidal configurations, are disclosed. In addition, both single and twin-tube housing designs are presented.

Abstract translation: 磁流变（MR）流体阻尼器被优化。 涉及磁通流动的尺寸关系与流体中磁通密度与钢中磁通密度的操作参数比有关。 磁阀用于改变MR流体的流动参数，因此改变阻尼器的操作特性。 公开了描述改进的活塞设计的几个实施例，包括卷轴以及环形构造。 此外，还介绍了单管和双管外壳设计。

公开(公告)号：US5032307A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-16

申请号：US508390

申请日：1990-04-11

Applicant: J. David Carlson

Inventor： J. David Carlson

IPC: C10M171/00

CPC classification number: C10M171/001

Abstract: An electrorheological material containing a carrier fluid, an anionic surfactant particle component, and an activator. The non-abrasive anionic surfactant acts as both a particle component and a surfactant and the electrorheological material is miscible with water and will not mar the surface of objects utilized in an electrorheological device.

Abstract translation: 含有载体流体，阴离子表面活性剂颗粒组分和活化剂的电流变材料。 非研磨性阴离子表面活性剂既用作颗粒组分又用作表面活性剂，并且电流变材料可与水混溶，并且不会损害在电流变装置中使用的物体的表面。

公开(公告)号：US5018606A

公开(公告)日：1991-05-28

申请号：US463138

申请日：1990-01-10

Applicant: J. David Carlson

Inventor： J. David Carlson

IPC: F16D57/00 ,  F16F9/53

CPC classification number: F16F9/532 ,  F16D57/00

Abstract: An electrophoretic fluid damper in which cooperable electrodes are slidably disposed one within the other and are connected respectively to relatively movable members. An electrophoretic fluid capable of separating into particle-rich and particle-deficient phases by electrophoresis operates in surface contact with the electrodes. An electrically nonconductive material having raised surface areas and spaces between the surface areas is associated with one of the electrodes. When a voltage is applied between the electrodes in a first direction, the particle-rich phase of the fluid collects on one of the electrodes and also makes contact with the spaces and the raised surface areas of the material associated with the other electrode thereby engaging or locking the electrodes together and transmitting force between the members. When the voltage potential is applied in the opposite direction, the particle-rich phase migrates to the other electrode and collects in the spaces between the raised surfaces of the material, thereby disengaging the electrodes and reducing the transmission of force between the elements. The apparatus may be configured as a shock absorber or linear brake.

Abstract translation: 一种电泳流体阻尼器，其中可配合的电极可滑动地设置在另一个内并分别连接到相对可动的构件。 能够通过电泳分离成富含粒子和不相关的相的电泳液体与电极表面接触。 具有凸起的表面积和表面区域之间的空间的非导电材料与电极之一相关联。 当在第一方向上在电极之间施加电压时，流体的富颗粒相收集在一个电极上，并且与空间和与另一个电极相关联的材料的凸起表面区域接触从而接合或 将电极锁定在一起并在构件之间传递力。 当相反方向施加电压电位时，富含微粒子的相迁移到另一个电极并收集在材料的凸起表面之间的空间中，从而使电极分离并减少元件之间的力传递。 该装置可以被配置为减震器或线性制动器。

公开(公告)号：US5007513A

公开(公告)日：1991-04-16

申请号：US503831

申请日：1990-04-03

Applicant: J. David Carlson

Inventor： J. David Carlson

IPC: F16D35/00 ,  F16D37/00 ,  F16J15/43

CPC classification number: F16J15/43 ,  F16D37/008

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the transmission of torque between drive elements using an electroactive fluid which is sealed within an enclosed chamber. A housing defines the chamber and includes at least one end defining an opening. Spaced electrodes are provided in the chamber in contact with the fluid and are respectively connected to the drive elements. A controllable power source applies a variable electric field to the fluid such that force is transmitted between the electrodes by the fluid according to the strength of the field. A shaft connects one of the electrodes to one of the elements and extends through the opening. A ferrofluid seal assembly prevents leakage of the fluid from the chamber through the opening. The assembly defines with the shaft an annular space in communication with the fluid. A magnetic circuit is provided in the assembly by a permanent magnet for applying a concentrated magnetic field in one or more regions across the annular space. A ferrofluid which is immiscible with the electroactive fluid occupies the regions as though it were a liquid O-ring, thus sealing the fluid within the chamber both when the shaft is stationary and when rotating.