公开(公告)号：US4902418A

公开(公告)日：1990-02-20

申请号：US927849

申请日：1986-11-06

Applicant: Heinrich Ziegler

Inventor： Heinrich Ziegler

IPC: B01D29/01 ,  B01D29/11 ,  B01D29/39 ,  B01D61/14 ,  B01D63/08 ,  B01D65/08 ,  B01F5/06 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/32

CPC classification number: B01D65/08 ,  B01D29/39 ,  B01D63/081 ,  B01D63/082 ,  B01F5/061 ,  B01J19/32 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01D2321/2016 ,  B01J2219/3221 ,  B01J2219/32213 ,  B01J2219/32227 ,  B01J2219/32237 ,  B01J2219/32255 ,  B01J2219/32279

Abstract: The element is disposed in a vessel receiving a fluid flow. The vessel wall is porous at least for a proportion of the fluid and bounds an inner chamber communicating through the vessel wall with a chamber outside the vessel. The element is in the shape of a plate or tube and is so devised that the porous wall either on its own or in combination with other similarly shaped elements to form a module, forms a turbulence generator particularly in the form of a static mixer for the fluid flow. The resulting turbulence on the wall of the elements ensures that the wall remains porous.

Abstract translation: 元件设置在容纳流体流动的容器中。 血管壁至少对于流体的一部分是多孔的，并且将通过血管壁连通的内室限定在容器外部的腔室。 该元件是板或管的形状，并且被设计成使多孔壁本身或与其它类似形状的元件组合以形成模块，形成特别是静态混合器形式的湍流发生器，用于 流体流动。 在元件壁上产生的湍流确保了壁保持多孔性。

公开(公告)号：US4707224A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-17

申请号：US924952

申请日：1986-10-30

Applicant: Mani Shabrang

Inventor： Mani Shabrang

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  C25B1/00

CPC classification number: B01J4/04

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are described for fluorinating substances utilizing a fluoride-ion valve.

Abstract translation: 描述了利用氟离子阀氟化物质的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US3831905A

公开(公告)日：1974-08-27

申请号：US31959772

申请日：1972-12-29

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： SCHMITT H ,  HTOO M ,  METREAUD C

IPC: B01F5/10 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  G03F7/30 ,  B01F5/06 ,  B01F5/12 ,  B01F15/02

CPC classification number: G03F7/3085 ,  B01F5/10 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00

Abstract: An agitated liquid reactor whose fluid is recirculated from an outlet through a porous wall structure. Recirculation is effected through a conduit having a flexible conduit portion which is periodically compressed toward the porous wall structure.

Abstract translation: 搅拌液体反应器，其流体从出口通过多孔壁结构再循环。 通过具有向多孔壁结构周期性地压缩的柔性导管部分的导管实现再循环。

公开(公告)号：US3773738A

公开(公告)日：1973-11-20

申请号：US3773738D

申请日：1971-12-10

Applicant: ICI LTD

Inventor： PORTER K ,  RICHARDSON B

IPC: C08G69/00 ,  B01D19/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J14/00 ,  C08G63/00 ,  C08G63/78 ,  C08G69/04 ,  C08G85/00 ,  C08G20/20

CPC classification number: B01D19/0031 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C08G63/785

Abstract: A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYMER BY CONDENSATION PROCESS OF A LIQUID REACTION MIXTURE WHEREIN AT LEAST ONE VOLATILE BY-PRODUCT IS ELIMINATED, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT SAID CONDENSATION PROCESS IS CARRIED OUT IN APPARATUS OF SUCH FORM AND SO OPERATED THAT SAID REACTION MIXTURE BEING SUBJECTED TO THE CONDENSATION PROCESS HAS NO FREE SURFACE AND REMOVAL OF VOLATILE PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS FROM SAID REACTION MIXTURE IS EFFECTED BY DIFFUSION THROUGH AT LEAST A PROPORTION OF THE WALL OF SAID APPARATUS WHICH IS PERMEABLE TO SAID VOLATILE PRODUCT OR PRODUCTS BUT NOT PERMEABLE TO SAID REACTION MIXTURE OR SAID POLYMER, SAID PROPORTION OF THE WALL WHICH IS PERMEABLE SERVING TO SEPARATE SAID REACTION MIXTURE FROM A CHEMICALLY INERT GASEOUS FLUID IN WHICH THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF THE VOLATILE BY-PRODUCT, OR OF THE VOLATILE BY-PRODUCTS, IS CONTINUALLY MAINTAINED BELOW THE EQUILIBRIUM PARTIAL PRESSURE FOR THE REACTION MIXTURE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF REACTION.

公开(公告)号：US2548759A

公开(公告)日：1951-04-10

申请号：US62591645

申请日：1945-10-30

Applicant: PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO

Inventor： GORDON ALLEN JOHN

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/24

CPC classification number: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/2415 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  C10G9/38 ,  Y10S585/921 ,  Y10S585/923 ,  Y10S585/924

公开(公告)号：WO2005036944A2

公开(公告)日：2005-04-28

申请号：PCT/US2004/032672

申请日：2004-10-05

Applicant: SOCIETE BIC ,  ADAMS, Paul ,  CURELLO, Andrew, J. ,  FAIRBANKS, Floyd ,  LEFEBVRE, Guy ,  LEFEBVRE, Yann ,  FRIGIERE, Rene ,  DOUCET, Michel

Inventor： ADAMS, Paul ,  CURELLO, Andrew, J. ,  FAIRBANKS, Floyd ,  LEFEBVRE, Guy ,  LEFEBVRE, Yann ,  FRIGIERE, Rene ,  DOUCET, Michel

IPC: B01J4/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B3/06 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06

CPC classification number: H01M8/04208 ,  B01J4/008 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B3/065 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/065 ,  H01M8/1011 ,  H01M2008/1095 ,  H01M2250/30 ,  Y02B90/18 ,  Y02E60/362 ,  Y02E60/523 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: Fuel supplies for fuel cells are disclosed. The fuel supplies can be a pressurized or non-pressurized cartridge that can be used with any fuel cells, including but not limited to, direct methanol fuel cell or reformer fuel cell. In one aspect, a fuel supply may contain a reaction chamber to convert fuel to hydrogen. The fuel supplies may also contain a pump. The fuel supply may have a valve connecting the fuel to the fuel cell, and a vent to vent gas from the fuel supply. Methods for forming various fuel supplies are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于燃料电池的燃料供应。 燃料供应可以是可与任何燃料电池（包括但不限于直接甲醇燃料电池或重整器燃料电池）一起使用的加压或非加压筒。 在一个方面，燃料供应可以包含将燃料转化为氢的反应室。 燃料供应还可以包含泵。 燃料供应可以具有将燃料连接到燃料电池的阀和用于从燃料供应排出气体的排气口。 还公开了形成各种燃料供应的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO98037959A2

公开(公告)日：1998-09-03

申请号：PCT/EP1998/000949

申请日：1998-02-19

IPC: B01J4/02 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C02F1/68 ,  B01J4/00

CPC classification number: B01J4/04 ,  B01J4/02 ,  C02F1/686

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for the metered dispensing of flowable substances in systems, said device being characterized by a container (1) with an internal space (3) which has a substantially constant volume and is connected to the surrounding medium by means of a semipermeable membrane (2). The container also contains a substance (4) which builds up an osmotic pressure in conjunction with the surrounding medium or system, and an outlet (5).

Abstract translation: 它是在特征在于容器系统计量输送的可流动物质的装置（1）具有基本上恒定的容积的内部空间（3），其经由半透膜（2）连接与周围介质和物质（4） 含有构成在与周围介质或系统，和出口（5）相结合的渗透压，要求保护。

公开(公告)号：WO1998028223A1

公开(公告)日：1998-07-02

申请号：PCT/FR1997002396

申请日：1997-12-23

Applicant: H2-TECH S.A.R.L. ,  ETIEVANT, Claude ,  ROSHD, Mustapha

Inventor： H2-TECH S.A.R.L.

IPC: C01B03/34

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J12/002 ,  B01J19/088 ,  C01B3/0094 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  H05H1/46 ,  H05H2001/463 ,  Y02E60/324

Abstract: One of these devices comprises: a reaction chamber with cold plasma (10b), for producing the reforming of a primary mixture consisting of fuel gas (hydrocarbon or alcohol), as well as oxygen and/or water vapour, thus producing a secondary mixture containing in particular hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide; an intake piece (18) for mixing these constituents, co-operating with a burner (42) and an associated combustion chamber (40) to bring the resulting primary mixture to a high temperature, before it is introduced into the reaction chamber (10a); a ring-shaped chimney (48) enclosing this chamber for maintaining it at a relatively high temperature; a high frequency alternating high voltage source (58), modulated by brief periodical low frequency pulses and electrodes (62-66) for generating silent discharges, in the reaction chamber (10b) thus generating a cold plasma producing a high chemical reactivity to the gas mixture present; a membrane (12) with high selective permeability for extracting the nascent hydrogen, arranged between the chamber (10b) and a chamber for collecting the hydrogen (14); a thermal insulating sheath (50) enclosing the whole set. The invention is applicable to PEM type fuel cells, fitted on electric vehicles or on portable generator set.

Abstract translation: 这些装置之一包括：具有冷等离子体（10b）的反应室，用于产生由燃料气体（烃或醇）组成的初级混合物以及氧气和/或水蒸气的重整，从而产生含有 特别是氢气，二氧化碳和一氧化碳; 用于混合这些成分的进料件（18），在被引入反应室（10a）之前与燃烧器（42）和相关联的燃烧室（40）配合以使得到的初级混合物达到高温， ; 围绕该室的环形烟囱（48），用于将其保持在较高的温度; 在反应室（10b）中产生用于产生无声放电的短周期低频脉冲和电极（62-66）调制的高频交流高压源（58），从而产生冷等离子体，产生对气体的高化学反应性 混合物存在 设置在室（10b）和用于收集氢气的室（14）之间的用于提取初生氢的具有高选择性渗透性的膜（12）。 封闭整套的隔热护套（50）。 本发明适用于安装在电动车辆或便携式发电机组上的PEM型燃料电池。

公开(公告)号：WO9641621A3

公开(公告)日：1997-03-27

申请号：PCT/US9609728

申请日：1996-06-10

Applicant: JOHNSON & SON INC S C

Inventor： HERBIG SCOTT M ,  MILLER ERIC J

IPC: A61K9/00 ,  A61K9/52 ,  B01J4/04 ,  A61K9/44

CPC classification number: A61K9/0004 ,  B01J4/04

Abstract: An osmotic device that, following the imbibition water vapor, provides for the controlled release of a beneficial agent (37) a non-aqueous environment. The device comprises a hydrophilic formulation (2) and a beneficial agent, surrounded by a wall (5). The wall is formed at least in part of a semipermeable hydrophobic microporous membrane (1) having an average pores size between about 0.1 νm and 30 νm. The pores are substantially filled with a gas phase. The hydrophobic membrane is permeable to water in the vapor phase and the hydrophobic membrane is impermeable to an aqueous medium at a pressure less than about 100 Pa. The beneficial agent is released, for example, by osmotic pumping or osmotic bursting upon imbibition of sufficient water vapor into the hydrophilic formulation. The high water fluxes attendant with these vapor-permeable hydrophobic membranes facilitate the delivery of large quantities of beneficial agents without requiring large surface areas (quantities) of hydrophobic microporous membrane. In addition, use of vapor-permeable hydrophobic microporous membranes allow osmotic devices to be used in environments having limited water availability, such as air or soil.

公开(公告)号：WO1996029136A1

公开(公告)日：1996-09-26

申请号：PCT/US1996003693

申请日：1996-03-18

Applicant: GRISHAM, Thomas, L. ,  PETERS, Janet, K. ,  SHARP, Keith, W. ,  EBEL, Edward, E.

IPC: B01D21/26

CPC classification number: B04C9/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/0013 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  B04C5/10 ,  B04C7/00

Abstract: Method and apparatus for creating gas-liquid contact for highly efficient mass transfer between gas and liquid comprises a gas-liquid contactor assembly (100) including a hollow porous tube (101) surrounded by an outer jacket (108) defining a gas plenum between the jacket and the porous tube; a liquid feed assembly (200) including a nozzle for injecting liquid into the porous tube in a spiraling flow pattern around and along the porous tube; a gas-liquid assembly (300) at the first end of the porous tube including a nonporous degassing tube (301) coaxially aligned and connected to the porous tube, a gas outlet port (302) coaxially aligned with the degassing tube to receive a first portion of gas flowing from the degassing tube; a liquid collection assembly (400); and a second gas discharge assembly (600) to collect and convey a second portion of gas from the porous tube.

Abstract translation: 用于产生气液接触以用于气体和液体之间的高效传质的方法和装置包括气 - 液接触器组件（100），其包括由外护套（108）包围的中空多孔管（101），所述外护套限定了位于 夹克和多孔管; 液体供给组件（200），其包括用于沿着多孔管并沿着多孔管以螺旋形流动图案将液体注入多孔管中的喷嘴; 在多孔管的第一端处的气液组件（300）包括同轴对准并连接到多孔管的无孔脱气管（301），与脱气管同轴对准的气体出口（302），以接收第一 从脱气管流出的气体部分; 液体收集组件（400）; 以及第二气体排出组件（600），用于从多孔管收集和传送气体的第二部分。