Abstract:
Monodispersed crystalline mixed metal layered hydroxide compounds have formula LimDdT(OH)(m+2d+d+na) Ana.qH2O. Inthe formula, m is zero to about 1; D is a divalent metal; d is from zero to about 4; T is a trivalent metal; A is anions or negative-valence radicals of valence n; na is from zero to about -3; (m+d) is greater than zero; a is the number of A ions; q is from zero to about 6; and (m+2d+3+na) is equal to or greater than 3. The compounds are useful as gelling agents which impart beneficial thixotropic properties to various fluids, such as drilling fluids, especially when employed along with fluid loss agents.
Abstract:
[PROBLEMS] To provide a low-friction lubrication assembly. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A novel excellent friction lubrication assembly. The friction lubrication assembly comprises a first member which is slidable relatively against a second member. The first member is a member which has chemical affinity for OH groups on its sliding surface. The first member includes one or a plurality of oxygen-containing compounds which are located on the sliding surface of the fist member and can form a tribofilm deposited on the sliding surface of the first member typically through hydrogen bond interaction. The second member has a similar OH end sliding surface. Preferably, the interface supported by the oxygen-containing compound (lubricating agent) between the first and second sliding surfaces has an H-and/or OH-end interface, and repulsion is provided between these interfaces. ® KIPO & WIPO 2009
Abstract:
[Object] A low friction assembly is desired. [Solving Means] The present invention relates to a new low-friction lubrication assembly comprising a first member relatively slidable against a second member, the first member having chemical affinity with an OH-group on its sliding surface; and one or more oxygen containing compounds, provided on the sliding surface of the first member and being able to produce a tribofilm attached to the sliding surface of the first member through hydrogen bond interactions. Preferably the second member comprises a similar OH-terminated sliding surface wherein an oxygen containing compound (lubricant)-supported interface between the first and second sliding surfaces results in a H-and/or OH-terminated interface developing repulsive forces thereinbetween.
Abstract:
Contact of acid or alkaline cleaned aluminum surfaces, particularly cans, with a water based composition containing a combination of (i) alkoxylated phosphate esters, (ii) ions of aluminum, zirconium, iron, tin, and/or cerium, (iii) a metal etching component, and (iv) a combination of alkoxylated alcohol and alkoxylated alkyl phenol emulsifiers, gives the surface after drying lowered surface friction without loss of high quality printability and lacquer adhesion and removes any brown spotting on the cans that may have developed during the cleaning or post-cleaning rinses. The cans after treatment are substantially free from any water breaks when rinsed with water. The foaming resistance and storage stability of the water based composition as described above, and of other similar surface friction reducing treatments for aluminum containers, may be advantageously increased by adding a biocidal agent, preferably hydrogen peroxide, and a combination of liquid paraffin, solid wax, and a high molecular weight fatty acid derivative(s) as antifoam agent.
Abstract:
Adducts of clay, especially of the smectite variety, most especially bentonite, are prepared with an effective amount of at least one activated mixed metal oxide or oxy-hydroxide (AHMMO) formed by dehydrating hydrotalcite or a mixture comprising magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide, or a crystalline mixed metal hydroxide conforming substantially to the formula LimDdT(OH)¿(m+2d+3+n.a)(A?n)a.xH2O where m is zero to one, D is a divalent metal, d is from zero to 4, T is a trivalent metal, A represents at least one anion or negative-valence radical of valence n, where n is 1 or more, (m+2d+3+n.a) is equal to or greater than 3, (m+d) is greater than zero, and xH2O represents excess waters of hydration. These adducts are useful, e.g., in drilling muds and in viscosity modification of a wide variety of fluids.
Abstract:
Aqueous-based functional products such as household or commercial cleansers, household products, commercial products, and personal care products are thickened or viscosity-modified by the addition of at least one crystalline mixed metal hydroxide of the formula LimDdT(OH)(m+2d+3+n.a)Aan.xH2O, where m is zero to one, D is a divalent metal, d is from zero to 4, T is a trivalent metal, A is at least one anion or negative-valence radical of valence n, where n is 1 or more, (m+2d+3+n.a) is equal to or greater than 3, (m+d) is greater than zero, and xH2O is waters of hydration.
Abstract:
Novel monodispersed crystalline mixed metal layered hydroxide compounds of the general formula: where m is from zero to about 1; D is a divalent metal; d is from zero to about 4; T is a trivalent metal; A represents anions or negative-valence radicals of valence n; na is from zero to about-3; (m+d) is greater than zero; a is the number of A ions; q is from zero to about 6; and (m+2d+3+na) is equal to or greater than 3. The D metal is preferably Mg and the T metal is preferably A1. These compounds are useful as gelling agents which impart beneficial thixotropic properties to various fluids, such as drilling fluids, especially when employed along with fluid loss agents.