公开(公告)号：EP0184775A3

公开(公告)日：1988-11-02

申请号：EP85115470

申请日：1985-12-05

Applicant: FINGERMATRIX INC.

Inventor： Schiller, Michael

IPC: G06K09/38

CPC classification number: G06K9/00067 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G07C9/00158

Abstract: A gray scale image of a fingerprint composed of a field of pixels is converted to a binary image composed of a field of pixels by a technique which takes into account the directivity of the ridge and valley structure. Three intermediate binary images are developed, one by the use of a vertical filter, one by the use of a horizonal filter and a reference image by the use of a filter which is not directionally biased. Corresponding subfields around each pixel in each of the three images are compared. If the subfield for the vertically derived image is closer to that of the reference image then is the subfield for the horizon- ally derived image, then the binary value for the pixel from the vertically derived image is used in the final image; and vice versa. In this fashion, a fourth a final binary image is derived from a combination of the vertically derived image and horizon- ally derived image which includes the best imagery from each of those two intermediate images.

公开(公告)号：EP0216902A1

公开(公告)日：1987-04-08

申请号：EP86902617.0

申请日：1986-04-01

Applicant: FINGERMATRIX INC.

Inventor： SCHILLER, Michael

IPC: G06K9 ,  G07C9

CPC classification number: G07C9/00158 ,  G06K9/00006

Abstract: Une série de points de recherche (16) dérivés d'une scrutation optique (12) d'un doigt est comparé avec des points d'identification (18) d'un fichier pour le même doigt. Un comparateur multiple (20) divise l'image du doigt en de multiples segments. Les points de recherche et de fichier sont comparés séparément. Un tableau des différences (DT) (22) donne une valeur de proximité Q pour chaque point de recherche. On élimine du tableau des différences toutes les valeurs représentant des points de recherche multiples. Lors de cette élimination on garde les informations dont la valeur de Q est la plus élevée. Le tableau des différences (DT) comportant les valeurs recalculées de Q, sert de base pour corriger la position de chaque point de recherche sur le plan de l'image pour compenser la modification de la position du doigt, ainsi que la distorsion variable, les modifications du doigt intervenant dans le temps et lors des applications successives du doigt à la scrutation d'entrée (40). Les points de recherche corrigés sont comparés aux points du fichier pour obtenir un nouveau tableau des différences (DT). On calcule pour chaque information portée sur ce tableau une valeur de proximité Q, ainsi qu'une valeur de proximité Q pour l'ensemble du tableau. Compte tenu du nombre d'informations portées sur le tableau on utilise ces valeurs de proximité pour contrôler le processus d'identification dans un programme de totalisation (52).

公开(公告)号：EP0125532A2

公开(公告)日：1984-11-21

申请号：EP84104529.7

申请日：1984-04-21

Applicant: Fingermatrix, Inc.

Inventor： Schiller, Michael ,  Ginsberg, Emily

IPC: G07C9/00 ,  G06K9/62

CPC classification number: G07C9/00142 ,  G06K9/00087 ,  G07C9/00158

Abstract: An input fingerprint image consists of ones and zeros pixels representing light and dark pixels which in turn correspond to ridge and valley formations. This image is compared with a reference file fingerprint to verify the identity of the input fingerprint. The reference file has two relatively small segments which are subfields of the entire field of pixels that constituted the original fingerprint image for the individual involved. Two substantially larger domain sub- fields are extracted from the input fingerprint image. The center of each segment corresponds to the center of a respective one of the domains. Each segment is scanned over its corresponding domain to determine the position of maximum ones correlation and maximum zeros correlation between each segment and its corresponding domain. These four positions together with the correlation values associated with each of these four positions are subjected to various criteria to provide positive or negative verification of the input image relative to the reference file. These criteria include (a) positional closenes to one another, (b) exclusion of the positions from a predetermined border of the domain, (c) closeness of the correlation values of certain of the positions, and (d) magnitude of the sum of the ones correlations and zeros correlation for certain of the positions.

Abstract translation: 输入指纹图像由表示光和暗像素的1和0像素组成，这些像素和暗像素又对应于脊和谷地层。 将此图像与参考文件指纹进行比较，以验证输入指纹的身份。 参考文件具有两个相对较小的段，它们是构成所涉及个人的原始指纹图像的整个像素场的子场。 从输入的指纹图像中提取出两个相当大的域子域。 每个段的中心对应于相应一个域的中心。 每个段在其对应域上进行扫描，以确定每个段与其相应域之间的最大值相关位置和最大零相关性。 这四个位置与与这四个位置中的每一个相关联的相关值一起受到各种标准，以提供相对于参考文件的输入图像的正或负验证。 这些标准包括（a）彼此相邻的位置闭合，（b）排除来自该域的预定边界的位置，（c）某些位置的相关值的接近度，以及（d） 某些位置的相关和零相关。

公开(公告)号：EP0052348A1

公开(公告)日：1982-05-26

申请号：EP81109648.6

申请日：1981-11-12

Applicant: FINGERMATRIX INC.

Inventor： Schiller, Michael

IPC: A61B5/10

CPC classification number: G06K9/00046 ,  A61B5/1172 ,  G06K9/00026

Abstract: A finger (F) pressed against a platen (32) provides a fingerprint object which is scanned by an interrogating beam of collimated light (30) in the form of a slit and that is linearly displaced across the platen. As the slit-beam scans across the back surface of the platen, the reflected light beam is modulated. The modulated beam is imaged onto a linear array of photodiodes (12) to provide a series of output signals indicative of modulation information. The outputs of the diodes are serially interrogated at each of successive scan positions to provide a set of signals containing fingerprint information. The platen has a transparent glass base (92). A layer of transparent, compressible, resilient epoxy (94) is on the back of the glass base (92). The epoxy layer (94) has a flat back surface. A thin silver reflecting layer (96) on the back surface of the epoxy provides a flat mirrored surface to reflect the light beam. A further epoxy layer (97) on top of the silver provides mechanical filtering. A lacquer layer (99) at the back protects the platen from wear. When a finger is applied to the back surface, the ridges of the finger distort the underlying layers sufficiently so that the reflected light at the ridge zones is scattered while the reflected light at the valley zones is collimated. This difference in scatter is transformed by an imaging lens (65) to a difference in intensity at the diode array (12).

公开(公告)号：EP0280041A1

公开(公告)日：1988-08-31

申请号：EP88100979.9

申请日：1988-01-23

Applicant: Fingermatrix, Inc.

Inventor： Schiller, Michael ,  Marcus, Daniel H.

IPC: A61B5/10

CPC classification number: G06K9/00033 ,  A61B5/1172 ,  G06K9/00026 ,  G07C9/00158

Abstract: The technique for optically scanning a finger to produce a fingerprint image involves positioning the finger surface to be optically scanned so that it is exposed and, in particular, is not pressed against a platen. A slit light beam along the length of the forward part of the finger is circumferentially rotated (38) about an axis (x-x) about the nominal center of the finger. A reflected slit light beam carries modulation information which is focused on a linear array of photo-electric transducers (12) to provide the fingerprint image. The interrogating light is coherent, substantially collimated, light. The plane of the interrogating slit light beam and the plane of the reflected modulated slit light beam are coplanar thereby establishing an illumination plane (42). The illumination plane is parallel to the axis of the finger and is rotated about that axis during the interrogating scan. The illumination plane is slightly offset (d) from that rotational axis and the incident light (16) in the illumination plane impinges on the finger surface at a slight off-normal axis. This offset and off-normal incidence creates two dimensional shadowing. The finger surface being interrogated is positioned slightly off of the object plane for the downstream focusing optics thereby creating a constructive destructive interference effect at the image plane defined by the transducers.

Abstract translation: 用于光学扫描手指以产生指纹图像的技术涉及定位要被光学扫描的手指表面，使得其被暴露，并且特别地不压在压板上。 沿着手指前部的长度的狭缝光束围绕手指的标称中心的轴线（x-x）周向旋转（38）。 反射的狭缝光束承载聚焦在光电换能器（12）的线性阵列上以提供指纹图像的调制信息。 询问光是相干的，基本准直的，光的。 询问狭缝光束的平面和反射调制的狭缝光束的平面是共面的，由此建立照明平面（42）。 照明平面平行于手指的轴线并且在询问扫描期间围绕该轴线旋转。 照明平面与该旋转轴稍微偏移（d），并且照明平面中的入射光（16）在稍微偏离法线的轴线上撞击在手指表面上。 这种偏移和非正常入射产生二维阴影。 被询问的手指表面被定位成稍微离开对象平面以用于下游聚焦光学器件，从而在由换能器限定的图像平面处产生结构性的破坏性干涉效应。

公开(公告)号：EP0052348B1

公开(公告)日：1988-02-24

申请号：EP81109648.6

申请日：1981-11-12

Applicant: FINGERMATRIX INC.

Inventor： Schiller, Michael

IPC: A61B5/10

CPC classification number: G06K9/00046 ,  A61B5/1172 ,  G06K9/00026

公开(公告)号：EP0196046A3

公开(公告)日：1986-12-30

申请号：EP86104006

申请日：1986-03-24

Applicant: FINGERMATRIX, INC.

Inventor： SCHILLER, MICHAEL

IPC: H04N1/415 ,  G06T3/40 ,  H03M7/30 ,  H04N1/40 ,  G06F15/66

CPC classification number: G06T3/40 ,  H04N1/40068

Abstract: An optical and electronic scan produces an image com­ posed of binary value pixels. An automatic picture compres­ sion routine reduces the number of pixels in the image. A first stage four to one reduction in the number of pixels is achieved by treating each mutually exclusive four pixel unit as a separate set. A binary value is assigned to each four pi­ xel set. That binary value is assigned to a single pixel in a first output image. The same process is repeated a second time to provide a final output image that has one-sixteenth the number of pixels as has the original input image.
The value assigned to each four pixel unit set is a weighted function of the binary value of each of the sixteen pixels in a four pixel by four pixel subfield in which the unit set is centered. The greatest weight is give to the center pi­ xels, that is, to the four pixels of the unit set. Lesser weight is given to the peripheral pixels. Among the peripheral pi­ xels, lesser weight is given to the four corner pixels than is given to the eight side pixels between the corners.
In the weighting process, the significance of the binary value of the sixteen pixels in the subfield is in part a function of the total pattern of the pixel values in the subfield.

公开(公告)号：EP0196046A2

公开(公告)日：1986-10-01

申请号：EP86104006.1

申请日：1986-03-24

Applicant: Fingermatrix, Inc.

Inventor： Schiller, Michael

IPC: G06F15/66

CPC classification number: G06T3/40 ,  H04N1/40068

Abstract: An optical and electronic scan produces an image composed of binary value pixels. An automatic picture compression routine reduces the number of pixels in the image. A first stage four to one reduction in the number of pixels is achieved by treating each mutually exclusive four pixel unit as a separate set. A binary value is assigned to each four pixel set. That binary value is assigned to a single pixel in a first output image. The same process is repeated a second time to provide a final output image that has one-sixteenth the number of pixels as has the original input image. The value assigned to each four pixel unit set is a weighted function of the binary value of each of the sixteen pixels in a four pixel by four pixel subfield in which the unit set is centered. The greatest weight is give to the center pixels, that is, to the four pixels of the unit set. Lesser weight is given to the peripheral pixels. Among the peripheral pixels, lesser weight is given to the four corner pixels than is given to the eight side pixels between the corners. In the weighting process, the significance of the binary value of the sixteen pixels in the subfield is in part a function of the total pattern of the pixel values in the subfield.

公开(公告)号：EP0184775A2

公开(公告)日：1986-06-18

申请号：EP85115470.8

申请日：1985-12-05

Applicant: FINGERMATRIX INC.

Inventor： Schiller, Michael

IPC: G06K9/38

CPC classification number: G06K9/00067 ,  G06K9/38 ,  G07C9/00158

Abstract: A gray scale image of a fingerprint composed of a field of pixels is converted to a binary image composed of a field of pixels by a technique which takes into account the directivity of the ridge and valley structure. Three intermediate binary images are developed, one by the use of a vertical filter, one by the use of a horizonal filter and a reference image by the use of a filter which is not directionally biased. Corresponding subfields around each pixel in each of the three images are compared. If the subfield for the vertically derived image is closer to that of the reference image then is the subfield for the horizon- ally derived image, then the binary value for the pixel from the vertically derived image is used in the final image; and vice versa. In this fashion, a fourth a final binary image is derived from a combination of the vertically derived image and horizon- ally derived image which includes the best imagery from each of those two intermediate images.