Abstract:
Ultraviolet radiation is directed within an area. The target wavelength ranges and/or target intensity ranges of the ultraviolet radiation sources can correspond to at least one of a plurality of selectable operating configurations including a sterilization operating configuration and a preservation operating configuration.
Abstract:
A contact to a semiconductor layer in a light emitting structure is provided. The contact can include a plurality of contact areas formed of a metal and separated by a set of voids. The contact areas can be separated from one another by a characteristic distance selected based on a set of attributes of a semiconductor contact structure of the contact and a characteristic contact length scale of the contact. The voids can be configured to increase an overall reflectivity or transparency of the contact.
Abstract:
A light emitting heterostructure including one or more fine structure regions is provided. The light emitting heterostructure can include a plurality of barriers alternating with a plurality of quantum wells. One or more of the barriers and/or quantum wells includes a fine structure region. The fine structure region includes a plurality of subscale features arranged in at least one of: a growth or a lateral direction.
Abstract:
A solution for forming an ohmic contact to a semiconductor layer is provided. A masking material is applied to a set of contact regions on the surface of the semiconductor layer. Subsequently, one or more layers of a device heterostructure are formed on the non-masked region(s) of the semiconductor layer. The ohmic contact can be formed after the one or more layers of the device heterostructure are formed. The ohmic contact formation can be performed at a processing temperature lower than a temperature range within which a quality of a material forming any semiconductor layer in the device heterostructure is damaged.
Abstract:
A solution for treating a fluid, such as water, is provided. The solution first removes a set of target contaminants that may be present in the fluid using a filtering solution. The filtered fluid enters a disinfection chamber where it is irradiated by ultraviolet radiation to harm microorganisms that may be present in the fluid. An ultraviolet radiation source and/or the disinfection chamber can include one or more attributes configured to provide more efficient irradiation and/or higher disinfection rates.
Abstract:
An interface including roughness components for improving the propagation of radiation through the interface is provided. The interface includes a first profiled surface of a first layer comprising a set of large roughness components providing a first variation of the first profiled surface having a first characteristic scale and a second profiled surface of a second layer comprising a set of small roughness components providing a second variation of the second profiled surface having a second characteristic scale. The first characteristic scale is approximately an order of magnitude larger than the second characteristic scale. The surfaces can be bonded together using a bonding material, and a filler material also can be present in the interface.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device including a low conducting field-controlling element is provided. The device can include a semiconductor including an active region, and a set of contacts to the active region. The field-controlling element can be coupled to one or more of the contacts in the set of contacts. The field-controlling element can be formed of a low conducting layer having a sheet resistance between approximately 10 3 Ohms per square and approximately 10 7 Ohms per square. During direct current and/or low frequency operation, the field-controlling element can behave similar to a metal electrode. However, during high frequency operation, the field-controlling element can behave similar to an insulator.
Abstract:
An ohmic contact to a semiconductor layer including a heterostructure barrier layer and a metal layer adjacent to the heterostructure barrier layer is provided. The heterostructure barrier layer can form a two dimensional free carrier gas for the contact at a heterointerface of the heterostructure barrier layer and the semiconductor layer. The metal layer is configured to form a contact with the two dimensional free carrier gas.
Abstract:
A light emitting diode is provided, which includes an n-type contact layer and a light generating structure adjacent to the n-type contact layer. The light generating structure includes a set of quantum wells. The contact layer and light generating structure can be configured so that a difference between an energy of the n-type contact layer and an electron ground state energy of a quantum well is greater than an energy of a polar optical phonon in a material of the light generating structure. Additionally, the light generating structure can be configured so that its width is comparable to a mean free path for emission of a polar optical phonon by an electron injected into the light generating structure. The diode can include a blocking layer, which is configured so that a difference between an energy of the blocking layer and the electron ground state energy of a quantum well is greater than the energy of the polar optical phonon in the material of the light generating structure. The diode can include a composite contact, including an adhesion layer, which is at least partially transparent to light generated by the light generating structure and a reflecting metal layer configured to reflect at least a portion of the light generated by the light generating structure.
Abstract:
A solution for designing and/or fabricating a structure including a quantum well and an adjacent barrier is provided. A target band discontinuity between the quantum well and the adjacent barrier is selected to coincide with an activation energy of a dopant for the quantum well and/or barrier. For example, a target valence band discontinuity can be selected such that a dopant energy level of a dopant in the adjacent barrier coincides with a valence energy band edge for the quantum well and/or a ground state energy for free carriers in a valence energy band for the quantum well. The quantum well and the adjacent barrier can be formed such that the actual band discontinuity corresponds to the target band discontinuity.