Abstract:
The present invention is directed to polycrystalline titanium nitride and zirconium nitride coating compositions and coated articles with a I(111)/I(200) x-ray diffraction intensity ratio of at least about 75 for the titanium nitride composition and at least about 15 for the zirconium nitride composition and to a method of forming a highly oriented polycrystalline titanium nitride or zirconium nitride coating composition with a high I(111)/I(200) x-ray diffraction intensity ratio. This invention also concerns polycrystalline titanium nitride and zirconium nitride coating compositions and coated articles of the type described with an interplanar spacing, d111, of 2.460 Angstroms or less for TiN and an interplanar spacing, d111, of 2.660 Angstroms or less for ZrN and to methods for producing same. The composition is deposited upon a substrate in an evacuated chamber (11) from a titanium or zirconium cathode source (15) surrounded by an elongated member (36) which overhangs the cathode to form a cathode chamber. Nitrogen gas (39) is passed through the cathode chamber into the vacuum chamber.
Abstract:
A silicone-alkylene oxide copolymer useful in the inhibition of foam formation in media processed by ultrafiltration processes. The copolymers consist of a polysiloxane in which well defined organic pendent groups have been hydrosilylated to the polysiloxane backbone. These copolymers display reversible aqueous solubility which is temperature dependent. They are unique in that they inhibit foam formation only above their inverse solubility temperature, i.e., cloud point, and that they do not foul, or permanently clog, ultrafine filtration membranes.
Abstract:
Novel polyaryl ether sulphone polymers which contain a unit derived from 4,4 bis(p-halobenzene sulfonyl)biphenyl. These polymers are tough and can be molded into a variety of articles.
Abstract:
The number of beds on the adsorption step of a pressure swing adsorption cycle is varied cyclically throughout the cycle. As a result, the final bed repressurization step is separated from the partial repressurization-pressure equalization step, thereby enhancing product recovery, without discontinuity in the flow of product effluent from the adsorption system or the use of an external repressurization storage tank.
Abstract:
Cracking catalysts containing silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves. Such catalysts are derived from specific silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves. The catalysts when used for the conversion of hydrocarbons provide product mixtures different from those obtained by use of aluminosilicates based catalysts.
Abstract:
Effervescent compositions having an effervescent and cleansing action. The effervescent compositions are formed from an essentially anhydrous base medium and an inorganic oxide material containing an adsorbed gas. Upon contact of the composition with water an effervescent action occurs as the gas is desorbed from the inorganic oxide material.
Abstract:
Dentifrice compositions having an effervescent and cleansing action. The dentifrice compositions are formed from an essentially anhydrous dentifrice base medium and an inorganic oxide material containing an adsorbed gas. Upon contact of the dentifrice composition with water, an effervescent action occurs as the gas is desorbed from the inorganic oxide material.
Abstract:
In the rapid pressure swing adsorption process, the feed gas mixture is passed to one or more adsorbent beds configured so that the cross sectional area is reduced from the inlet to the discharge end thereof. The processing sequence comprises feed, exhaust and repressurization steps, with the exhaust step time of less than twice the feed step time, being feasible in single systems, while desirable multi-bed embodiments can advantageously be carried out at exhaust/feed ratios in excess of about 2/1. The process is advantageous for use in the separation of air, as in the production of high purity oxygen or nitrogen.
Abstract:
Chopped carbon yarn is produced by spinning continuous pitch yarn, treating the pitch yarn with an oxidizing composition, chopping the pitch yarn into short lengths, collecting the chopped pitch yarn into a bulk form, and subjecting the chopped pitch yarn to a heat treatment in a substantially non-reactive atmosphere to produce chopped carbon yarn.
Abstract:
Antifreeze composition and composition concentrates which comprise an alcohol, such as, for example ethylene glycol, a surface modifier, such as, for example, an organophosphate which adheres to the interior surfaces of a cooling system, and a pseudo oil, such as, for example, a polypropylene glycol, which forms a film on the surface-modified, interior surfaces of the cooling system. Also disclosed are methods of making and using the composition and composition concentrates.