Abstract:
A gas composition monitoring arrangement for a module 2 used in a solid oxide fuel cell comprises provision of an optically transparent window 4 in the end of a gas flow channel 3 formed in that module 2. Thus, the window 4 allows passive and active optical gas analysis of the gas flow through the channel in situ without the necessity as with previous systems of drawing a proportion of that gas flow away from the module 2 and therefore fuel cell for appropriate analysis. In such circumstances, actual in situ gas composition determination is achieved rather than a determination which may be distorted through the transfer regime to a previous remote gas analysis apparatus.
Abstract:
An optical measurement apparatus is provided with a light source and guiding module and a receiving module in the present invention. The light source and guiding module, composed of a light source module and a light-guiding apparatus, is used to provide a low-cost area light source and to transfer the area light source to become a linear incident light through the light-guiding apparatus. And the receiving module, composed of a linear or area CCD sensor, is used to provide the linear or area detection for an array-type sample with the help of the light source and guiding apparatus. The present invention will simplify the complexity of the optical mechanism of two-dimension moving and single-point-scanning mode of the conventional optical measurement apparatus.
Abstract:
The invention can be used to determine the color to be given to a dental prosthesis, for example, on the basis of color measurements performed on adjacent teeth in the mouth of the patient. An optical fiber instrument picks up light reflected from a tooth and transmits it to the inlet of a spectrocolorimeter which associated with a microprocessor in order to determine the diffuse spectral reflectance of the tooth and to calculate the tristimulus values of its apparent color under various different types of illumination. The invention is particularly suitable for determining the color of dental prostheses.
Abstract:
A spectrophotometer (10) is provided having the capability to accurately measure spectral reflectance at relatively long sample distances. A first illumination optics arrangement (14) assures uniform illumination to a portion of the sample and a second optical arrangement (20) focuses the reflected image of part of the illuminated sample onto a polychromator (22). Reference beam means are provided so that the polychromator sequentially measures the spectral characteristics of the reference beam and the sample. Continuous monitoring of the illumination at select wavelengths provides illumination normalization data so that a microprocessor (40) can normalize the illumination and compare the reference beam and sample measurements to accurately determine the spectral reflectance characteristics of the sample. Angular and raster scanning capability is also provided.
Abstract:
There is set forth herein a light energy exciter that can include one or more light sources. A light energy exciter can emit excitation light directed toward a detector surface that can support biological or chemical samples.
Abstract:
Detection system comprising an examination region, a one-piece optical element including a focusing portion to concentrate light received from the examination region and a guiding portion to homogenize light received from the focusing portion, and a detector configured to detect homogenized light received from the guiding portion.
Abstract:
A fluorescence detection apparatus is provided which comprises a sample holder (4) for holding stationarily sample vessels deployed along a circle line or concentric circle lines having different radiuses, a partition plate (3) connected to a driving means (7) to be rotatable around the center of the circle line or concentric circle lines, optical means (5) for excitation light and optical means (6) for fluorescence light fixed respectively to the partition plate to be rotatable in integration therewith, a first light guide (1) constituted of numerous optical fibers, a photosensor (2), and a light source (8) for generating the excitation light, wherein the partition plate, the optical means for excitation light, and the optical means for fluorescence are integrally rotated, and thereby the fluorescence of the sample arranged along the circle line is successively detected and the detected fluorescence is transmitted to the photosensor. This fluorescence detection apparatus is useful in real-time monitoring of fluorescence signals, and satisfies the requirements of precise temperature control, quick treatment of many samples, high sensitivity, high reliability, low cost, and small size of the apparatus.
Abstract:
Ein Meßkopf, insbesondere für ein Handgerät zur Erfassung von photometrischen Daten, verfügt über eine Beleuchtungsoptik mit einer Asphäre, die eine ringförmig um die Symmetrieachse des Meßkopfes laufende Mulde aufweist, welche im Querschnitt die Gestalt eines Ellipsensegments hat. Die Meßoptik (116) zum Erfassen des vom Meßfleck (57) remittierten Lichtes bildet einen runden Meßfleck (57) auf eine Ellipse am Eintrittsspalt (59) des Monochromators (55) ab, wozu eine sphärisch/zylindrische Linse (132) sowie ein erster Glasstab (148) und ein Glasstab (149) verwendet werden, die jeweils zylindrische Flächen (154, 155, 156, 157) aufweisen, deren zugeordnete Zylinderachsen gekreuzt sind.
Abstract:
L'invention permet de déterminer la couleur à donner en particulier à une prothèse dentaire à partir de la mesure de la couleur des dents adjacentes dans la bouche du patient. Un instrument (44) à fibre optique permet de capter la lumière réfléchie par une dent (50) et de la transmettre à l'entrée d'un spectrocolorimètre (12, 14) associé à un microprocesseur (10), pour déterminer la réflectance spectrale diffuse de la dent et calculer les composantes trichromatiques de ses couleurs apparentes pour divers types d'éclairage. L'invention s'applique notamment à la détermination des couleurs des prothèses dentaires.
Abstract:
Vorrichtung zur Messung der Lichtstreuung in stark streuenden dispersen Medien. Bei dieser Meßvorrichtung wird aus einer Lichtquelle, bevorzugt aus einem He-Ne Laser Licht in eine Meßzelle gestrahlt, in der sich das zu untersuchende Medium befindet. Das aus der Küvette austretende Licht wird mit einem Lichtdetektor (Photomultiplier) gemessen. Um den Einfluß von Fremdlicht auszuschalten, ist es vorteilhaft, dem Laser einen Chopper nachzuschalten und das am Photomultiplier empfangene Meßsignal in einem Lock-in Verstärker mit angeschlossenem Rechner und Schreiber am Ausgang des Photomultipliers zu verarbeiten.