Abstract:
An electrochromic device (50) comprises at least the typical five layer stack (12, 14, 16, 18, 20) between two substrates (22, 24) and connections means (42, 44, 66) to the electron conducting layers ( 12, 14). At least one of the connections means (42, 44, 66) are arranged through the substrate (22, 24). In preferred embodiments the points where the connection means (42, 44, 66) penetrate the substrates are situated at different lateral positions. The substrates (22, 24) are typically plastic substrates. In another aspect of the invention, a manufacturing method providing an electrochromic device (50) according to the above described principles is provided.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing an information display device having an information display panel, in which display media are sealed between two substrates, at least one substrate being transparent, and, in which the display media, to which an electrostatic field is applied, are made to move so as to display information such as an image, is characterized in that the improvement comprises, in the case of electrically connecting an electrode arranged on one substrate and an electrode arranged on the other substrate at an outer portion of an information display portion of the information display panel, the steps of: arranging an adhesive including conductive spacer particles having a diameter smaller than a distance between the electrodes arranged on the substrates at a predetermined portion between the substrates; and pressing a portion of the substrate, to which the adhesive is arranged, under pressure; so that the electrode arranged on one substrate is electrically connected to the electrode arranged on the other substrate.
Abstract:
A method for contacting patterned electrode devices includes the steps of providing a porous substrate, depositing electrically conductive material to form at least one electrode on a front-side of the porous substrate and depositing at least one electrically conductive back-side contact trace on the back-side of the substrate. A portion of the electrically conductive material penetrates into the substrate. A device is formed including the electrode on the front side of the substrate, wherein the electrode is electrically coupled by a conducting channel including the electrically conductive material through the substrate to the back-side contact trace.
Abstract:
There is provided a display apparatus (100). The apparatus (100) includes (1) a substrate (110), (2) a display element disposed on the substrate (110), the display element having (a) a first electrical conductor, (b) a second electrical conductor, and (c) a light switching material disposed between the first electrical conductor and the second electrical conductor, and (3) a via through the substrate (110) for electrically coupling a signal to the first electrical conductor.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a substantially planar substrate (1), formed of at least a first and a second material (3, 4) having substantially different conductivities, such that conductive channels (2) are formed substantially perpendicular to the substrate surfaces, and the conductivity perpendicular to the substrate surfaces, as measured over a predetermined area, is substantially larger than the conductivity parallel to the substrate surfaces. Furthermore, the invention refers to a display device (23) comprising at least one substrate (1) manufactured according to the present method, an optically active layer (8; 24), and at least one control electrode (10), thereby enabling the provision of a local electrical field over the optically active layer (8; 24).
Abstract:
An optical beam phase shifter includes a liquid crystal cell (20) having an optically-transparent common electrode (30) on a first window (22) and a multiplicity of parallel stripes electrodes (32) on the second window (26). A multiplicity of control signals are applied between the individual stripe electrodes (32) and the common electrode (30), thereby creating local variations of the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules (24), which variations cause differential phase shifts across the cross section of a light beam incident thereon. The control signals are applied to contact pads (36) affixed to an external surface of the liquid crystal cell (20), which contact pads (36) underlie a plurality of the stripe electrodes (32). A multiplicity of conductors (34) extend through a transparent insulating layer (40) to couple the control signals to the stripe electrodes (32). The stripe electrodes (32) are optically-transparent, and the incident beam is reflected from the contact pads (36). In another embodiment, the stripe electrodes are reflective, and the incident beam is reflected therefrom.
Abstract:
This invention relates to an electro-optic display having a backplane with a front surface and a reverse surface on opposed sides of the backplane, a front surface having a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix of columns and rows with column and row lines, a reverse surface having at least one driver chip, and conductive vias electrically connecting the column and row lines on the front surface to the driver chip on the reverse surface, such that the entire front surface area may be optically active.
Abstract:
A fixed image display device (1), having an opaque insulating layer (10), a continuous electrolyte layer (9) behind said insulating layer, a pixilated electrochemically active and electrochromic layer (5) between the electrolyte layer and the insulating layer, a pixilated electronically conductive counter electrode layer (5') between the electrolyte layer and the insulating layer. The electrochromic layer (5) and the counter electrode layer (5') have a lateral arrangement, and are in ionic contact with each other. Moreover, said insulating layer comprises passages (16) having an electronic conductor (15). At least one continuous motif electrode segment (14) arranged behind the insulating layer (10), and electronically connected to at least two pixel elements of said electrochromic layer (5) via the electronic conductors (15); and at least one continuous background electrode segment (17) arranged behind the insulating layer (10), and electronically connected to at least two pixel elements of said counter electrode layer (5') via electronic conductors (15).