公开(公告)号：WO1997020499A1

公开(公告)日：1997-06-12

申请号：PCT/GB1996003013

申请日：1996-12-05

Applicant: BRITISH TECHNOLOGY GROUP LIMITED ,  BROWN, Brian, Hilton

Inventor： BRITISH TECHNOLOGY GROUP LIMITED

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/0809

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and apparatus for monitoring respiratory condition by impedance pneumography. An electrical signal is applied at a plurality of frequencies to a human subject by way of a first pair of spaced electrodes applied to the trunk of the body, whilst the resulting electrical signal is monitored at said plurality of frequencies at different points on the body by way of a second pair of spaced electrodes. From the resulting electrical signal a measure of the impedance of a part of the body at the plurality of frequencies is obtained, and a difference signal representing the impedance change with frequency is calculated. The difference signal is normalised with respect to a signal representative of the impedance measure itself at one or more frequencies, thereby suppressing the effect of those impedance signal components -such as movement artefact- whose frequency dependent change is substantially proportional to the impedance signal value. The invention improves the reliability of impedance pneumography, especially when employed in situations in which it is difficult to restrict subject movement, such as during sleep. It has particular application in neonatal and infant sleep apnoea detection systems.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过阻抗气象学监测呼吸状态的方法和装置。 电信号通过施加到身体躯干的第一对隔开的电极以多个频率被施加到人类受试者，而所得到的电信号是以身体上不同点的所述多个频率被监测的 第二对间隔电极的方式。 从得到的电信号中，获得身体在多个频率处的阻抗的测量，并且计算表示阻抗随频率变化的差信号。 差分信号相对于代表一个或多个频率的阻抗测量本身的信号被归一化，从而抑制那些阻抗信号分量的影响，例如其频率相关变化基本上与阻抗信号值成比例的运动伪影。 本发明提高了阻抗气象学的可靠性，特别是当在难以限制被摄体运动的情况下使用时，例如在睡眠期间。 它特别适用于新生儿和婴儿睡眠呼吸暂停检测系统。

公开(公告)号：WO1997007737A1

公开(公告)日：1997-03-06

申请号：PCT/US1996013463

申请日：1996-08-21

Applicant: AROCOM LTD. ,  FRIEDMAN, Mark, M. ,  GAIDES, Mark

Inventor： AROCOM LTD. ,  FRIEDMAN, Mark, M.

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/091

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the air capacity of a user's lungs (30). The method involves use of an apparatus which includes a container (100) having a constant volume and an opening (102) adapted to allow flow communication with the lungs (30). The container (100) further includes a flow sensor (148) and a pressure sensor (50). The method involves determining the initial air pressure in the container (100) before flow communication with the lungs (30) is established. After flow communication with the lungs (30) is established, the flows and pressures are measured. The lung air capacity is calculated based on the known constant container (100) volume, the initial air pressure, and the changes in volume and pressure of the lungs (3) as determined from the measured flows and pressures in the container (100).

Abstract translation: 一种用于测量使用者肺的空气容量的方法和装置（30）。 该方法包括使用包括具有恒定体积的容器（100）和适于允许与肺（30）流动连通的开口（102）的装置。 容器（100）还包括流量传感器（148）和压力传感器（50）。 该方法包括在建立与肺（30）的流动连通之前确定容器（100）中的初始空气压力。 与肺（30）的流动通信建立后，测量流量和压力。 根据从容器（100）中的测量的流量和压力确定的肺部（3）的体积和压力的变化，计算肺空气容量。

公开(公告)号：WO1996004845A1

公开(公告)日：1996-02-22

申请号：PCT/US1995010157

申请日：1995-08-08

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA ,  McEWAN, Thomas, E.

Inventor： THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/0507 ,  A61B5/024 ,  A61B5/0535 ,  A61B5/0809 ,  A61B8/4416 ,  A61B8/488 ,  G01S13/0209 ,  G01S13/18 ,  G01S13/581

Abstract: A non-acoustic pulse echo radar monitor (1) averages a large number of reflected pulses to produce a voltage that modulates an audio oscillator (39) to produce an audible tone that corresponds to the heart (22) or other body part motion. Both amplitude modulation and the Doppler effect are used. A dual time constant is used to reduce the effect of gross sensor-to-surface movement. The monitor includes a pulse generator (10) for simultaneously inputting a sequence of pulses to a transmit path (12) and a gating path (14). The pulses on the transmit path drive an impulse generator (16) which generates pulses to a transmit antenna (18). The gating path includes a range delay generator (30) which generates timed gating pulses. The timed gating pulses cause the receive path (15) to selectively conduct pulses reflected from the body part (22) and received by a receive antenna (20). Both antennas (18)(20) are flat copper foils which permit their use in a substantially flat housing.

Abstract translation: 无声脉冲回波雷达监视器（1）平均大量反射脉冲以产生调制音频振荡器（39）的电压，以产生对应于心​​脏（22）或其他身体部分运动的可听音。 使用幅度调制和多普勒效应。 使用双时间常数来减少传感器到表面运动的影响。 监视器包括用于同时向发送路径（12）和门控路径（14）输入脉冲序列的脉冲发生器（10）。 发射路径上的脉冲驱动向发射天线（18）产生脉冲的脉冲发生器（16）。 门控路径包括产生定时门控脉冲的量程延迟发生器（30）。 定时门控脉冲使得接收路径（15）选择性地传导从身体部分（22）反射并由接收天线（20）接收的脉冲。 两个天线（18）（20）都是平坦的铜箔，它们允许它们在基本平坦的壳体中使用。

公开(公告)号：WO1994017731A1

公开(公告)日：1994-08-18

申请号：PCT/US1994000840

申请日：1994-01-24

Applicant: PLAYA DE LOS VIVOS S.A. ,  AKERSON, Steve, Heart

Inventor： PLAYA DE LOS VIVOS S.A.

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: G01F23/2966 ,  A61M16/04 ,  A61M16/0411

Abstract: A method and apparatus (10) for monitoring and indicating whether a tracheal tube (T) is located in the trachea or esophagus during an endotracheal intubation of a human or animal. In a calibration mode, the resonant frequency of the tube (T) is determined by generating a signal at a plurality of frequencies and finding the signal which propagates with the greatest amplitude. This indicates the resonant frequency. When the tube (T) is inserted into the patient, the resonant frequency of the system shifts, thus the amplitude of the signal changes. Based on known characteristics of the trachea and esophagus, the amount of change is dictated by whether the tube (T) has been inserted into the trachea or esophagus. Alternatively, the device can continually determine the resonant frequency and use this to monitor the level of a liquid in a tank.

Abstract translation: 一种用于监测和指示在人或动物的气管插管期间气管管（T）是否位于气管或食道中的方法和装置（10）。 在校准模式中，通过产生多个频率的信号并且找到以最大振幅传播的信号来确定管（T）的谐振频率。 这表示谐振频率。 当管（T）插入患者时，系统的共振频率偏移，因此信号的振幅变化。 根据气管和食道的已知特征，变化量由管（T）是否插入气管或食道决定。 或者，该装置可以连续地确定谐振频率，并使用它来监测罐中的液体的水平。

公开(公告)号：WO1993000040A1

公开(公告)日：1993-01-07

申请号：PCT/US1991004587

申请日：1991-06-27

Applicant: MAULT, James, R.

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/0833 ,  A61B5/7242

Abstract: An indirect calorimeter for calculating the metabolic rate of a subject by measuring the oxygen consumption during respiration over a period of time includes a gas flow meter (42) providing output electric signals to a microprocessor (20) which drives a display and printer. The output of the flow meter (42) is connected to a mouthpiece (12). The exhaled gas passes through a CO2 scrubber (30) and then through the flow meter (42). The difference in volume between the inhaled gas and the exhaled gas is proportional to the oxygen consumption of the subject and the microprocessor (20) integrates that signal over the time of the test, and multiples it by a constant to provide a metabolic rate display. The temperature and water vapor content of the inhaled air are adjusted to that of the exhaled air either by passing both the inhaled and exhaled gases through the scrubber (30) before their volume is measured, or by preheating the inhaled air and employing a water absorbent member to add moisture to the inhaled air and remove it from the exhaled air.

Abstract translation: 用于通过测量一段时间内的呼吸期间的氧消耗来计算受试者的代谢率的间接量热计包括向驱动显示器和打印机的微处理器（20）提供输出电信号的气体流量计（42）。 流量计（42）的输出端与接口（12）连接。 呼出的气体通过二氧化碳洗涤器（30），然后通过流量计（42）。 吸入气体和呼出气体之间的体积差异与受试者的氧气消耗量成正比，并且微处理器（20）在测试时间内对该信号进行积分，并将其乘以常数以提供代谢率显示。 吸入空气的温度和水蒸汽含量可以通过在测量体积之前将吸入和呼出的气体通过洗涤器（30），或者通过预热吸入空气并使用吸水剂来调节呼出空气的温度和水蒸汽含量 成员向吸入的空气中添加水分并将其从呼出的空气中除去。

公开(公告)号：WO1991011139A1

公开(公告)日：1991-08-08

申请号：PCT/GB1991000094

申请日：1991-01-22

Applicant: THE VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER ,  PICKARD, Roger, Martin

Inventor： THE VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/0816 ,  A61B5/0878 ,  A61B5/113

Abstract: A breathing monitoring device comprising a temperature sensitive probe (1, 11) for location in an air-way (2, 12) through which a patient breaths in and out. A circuit (7) monitors the output of the temperature sensitive probe to derive an output representative of the patient's breathing. An alarm (9, 21) may be activated if the monitored output indicates a stable temperature for a predetermined period which is long in comparison with an expected breathing cycle period.

Abstract translation: 一种呼吸监测装置，包括用于位于空气通路（2,12）中的温度敏感探针（1,11），患者通过所述气道探测和呼出。 电路（7）监测温度敏感探针的输出以得出代表患者呼吸的输出。 如果监视的输出指示与预期的呼吸周期周期相比较长的预定时间段的稳定温度，则可以激活报警器（9,21）。

公开(公告)号：WO1991007912A1

公开(公告)日：1991-06-13

申请号：PCT/SE1990000770

申请日：1990-11-23

Applicant: MINCO AB ,  GEDEON, Andras ,  MEBIUS, Claes

Inventor： MINCO AB

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/083 ,  A61M16/0081 ,  A61M16/22 ,  A61M2016/103 ,  A61M2205/3389 ,  A61M2230/432 ,  G06F19/3481

Abstract: Apparatus for examining pulmonary function parameters of a patient comprises a rebreathing system (1-6) adapted to be connected with the patient and including a variable-volume reservoir (1), a carbon dioxide absorber (19) in an inhalation conduit (3), and means (24) for selectively switching the carbon dioxide absorber (19) on and off. A carbon dioxide meter (25) is controllable to selectively measure the carbon dioxide content of respiratory gas being exhaled and of exhaled respiratory gas collected in the reservoir (1). Volume monitoring means (17, 18) monitor the volume variations of the reservoir (1). A computing unit (30) computes the pulmonary blood flow and other pulmonary function parameters using carbon dioxide concentration parameters measured by means of the carbon dioxide meter (25) and ventilatory rate parameters measured by means of the monitoring means (17, 18).

Abstract translation: 用于检查患者的肺功能参数的装置包括适于与患者连接的再呼吸系统（1-6），并且包括可变容积的容器（1），吸入管道（3）中的二氧化碳吸收器（19） ，以及用于选择性地切换二氧化碳吸收器（19）的装置（24）。 二氧化碳计（25）可控制，以选择性地测量呼出的呼吸气体的二氧化碳含量和收集在储存器（1）中的呼出气体。 体积监测装置（17,18）监测储存器（1）的体积变化。 计算单元（30）使用通过二氧化碳计（25）测量的二氧化碳浓度参数和通过监测装置（17,18）测量的通气率参数来计算肺血流量和其它肺功能参数。

公开(公告)号：WO1990000034A1

公开(公告)日：1990-01-11

申请号：PCT/US1989002821

申请日：1989-06-28

Applicant: MAULT, James, R.

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/083 ,  A61B5/7242

Abstract: An indirect calorimeter for calculating the metabolic rate of a subject (10) by measuring the oxygen consumption during respiration over a period of time includes a gas flow meter (42) providing ouput electric signals to a microprocessor (39) which drives a display (41) and printer (43). A carbon dioxide scrubber (30) is connected to the flow meter and a mouthpiece (12) so that inhaled gas passes first through the scrubber and then through the flow meter before being provided to the subject's respiratory system through the mouthpiece. The exhaled gas passes through the scrubber and then through the flow meter. The difference in volume between the inhaled gas and the exhaled gas is proportional to the oxygen comsumption of the subject and the microprocessor integrates that signal over the time of the test, and multiplies it by a constant to provide a metabolic rate display. By passsing both the inhaled and exhaled gases through the scrubber before their volume is measured, their temperature and humidity are modified to a state of equal temperature and humidity.

公开(公告)号：WO1989005116A1

公开(公告)日：1989-06-15

申请号：PCT/US1988004262

申请日：1988-11-30

Applicant: AMERICAN HEALTH PRODUCTS, INC.

Inventor： AMERICAN HEALTH PRODUCTS, INC. ,  SALEM, Robert, Joseph ,  HOLLEY, George, H.

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/0006 ,  A61B5/0205 ,  A61B5/0404 ,  A61B5/04085 ,  A61B5/1135

Abstract: A portable belt-type monitor of body functions such as the heart and breathing is described formed of a plurality of articulated, distributed modules (24, 26, 28, 30, 32) containing EKG sensors (220.1, 220.2, 220.3), a respiration sensor (48.1, 48.2), circuitry including a microprocessor (180) for sensing alarm conditions, a transmitter (184) for sending alarm conditions to a remote receiver and a battery (56) to drive the various circuits. A respiration sensor is described wherein tension changes in the belt (22) due to breathing are transformed into opposing forces directed transversely to the belt and which cooperate to produce a reliable, sensitive detection of respiratory activities. The belt can be conveniently worn with reliable EKG sensing during normal body activities. A processor program is described whereby these body functions are monitored with alarms being generated when these functions exceed preset limits while preserving sufficient functional performance data when an alarm occurs.

公开(公告)号：WO1989004633A1

公开(公告)日：1989-06-01

申请号：PCT/FR1988000570

申请日：1988-11-23

Applicant: BERTIN & CIE ,  GUERN, Yves, François, Charles ,  WEBER, Jean-Luc, Michel ,  TOMMASI, Marc, Raymond

Inventor： BERTIN & CIE

IPC: A61B05/08

CPC classification number: A61B5/113 ,  A61B2503/06

Abstract: The device comprises a lens (16) which produces, on a set (17) of photosensitive elements (19), an image of at least one region of the space within which a person under surveillance is capable of moving, a light source (23) for illuminating said area, fine-control and read-out circuits for the photosensitive elements, an analog-digital converter (21), data processing means (22), for example a microcalculator, for comparing the signals emitted successively by the photosensitive elements (19) and determining the significant variations between these signals which are due to the respiration of said person, and alarm means (14, 15) triggered by said data processing means in response to the detection of an absence of significant variation. Application to the detection of respiratory arrests of infants or bedridden patients.

Abstract translation: 该装置包括透镜（16），其在一组（17）感光元件（19）上产生在被监视的人能够移动的空间的至少一个区域的图像，光源（23） ）用于照亮所述区域，用于感光元件的精细控制和读出电路，模数转换器（21），数据处理装置（22），例如微计算机，用于将感光元件连续发射的信号进行比较 （19），并且确定由于所述人的呼吸而引起的这些信号之间的显着变化，以及响应于检测到不存在显着变化而由所述数据处理装置触发的报警装置（14,15）。 应用于检测婴儿或卧床病人的呼吸停止。