Abstract:
The present invention provides, according to a first aspect, a method for internal sizing of paper or paperboard wherein CMC modified cellulose fibres are treated with a synthetic sizing agent, in the presence of an electrolyte whereby the conductivity of the suspension is at least 1.0 mS/cm. The present invention also provides, according to a second aspect, paper or paperboard obtainable by the above method. According to a third aspect of the invention use of paper or paper board according to the second aspect of the invention for the manufacture of liquid board, communication paper, packaging paper, liner or board is provided.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of forming a layered fibrous web, comprising leading at least two different fibre suspensions through a head box (10), separating the fibre suspensions from each other by a blade means (18, 180), supplying the fibre suspensions to a web forming device (24) and forming a water layer having a transversely uniform flow at an outlet at the end of the blade means (18, 180), such that the water layer constitutes an extension of the blade means and thereby prevents mixing of the fibre suspensions. The method comprises arranging the blade means (18, 180) to be freely movable in a substantially vertical direction in order to permit an equalization of pressure between the fibre suspension layers separated by the blade means and thereby reducing wake effects downstream the edge of the blade means. The invention furthermore relates to a paper machine for carrying out said method.
Abstract:
A test-printing method for a rotary press with a determinable ink coverage, whereby a test-printing form having a first and a second printing area is used, which method comprises determining the ink coverage provided by the rotary press, designing the test-printing form layout to the effect that the ink requirement does not, for any part of the combined first and second printing areas, essentially exceed a predetermined value V, said value V being set in a predetermined relation to the determined ink coverage; and the ink requirement of said second printing area amounts to a value essentially representing the difference between said value V and the ink requirement of said first printing area. A rotary press test-printing form having a layout designed for use in the test-printing method.
Abstract:
A method for measuring the flexibility of fibres, particularly cellulose fibres, in a flowing suspension. The fibre form of a large number of fibres is registered at two different pictures of suspension flow. A predefined fibre form is calculated for each flow picture, and a relationship, for example the quotient between two measurements of mean fibre form is determined and utilized to define fibre flexibility. The invention also relates to an arrangement for carrying out the inventive method, wherein the arrangement includes a flowthrough container (20) through which the suspension flows, a transparent window (26) mounted in the container wall, a CCD-type camera (30) which functions to photograph fibres passing the window, a picture analysis unit (34) coupled to the camera (30), and a data processing unit (36) for processing information obtained from the picture analysis unit (34).
Abstract:
Device (100) for measuring the two-dimensional velocity of a moving paper web (140) having opposed first and second surfaces, characterized in comprising: at least one light source (120) directed at said first surface and arranged to transmit light through said paper web (140); at least one image capturing device (110) directed at said second surface, and arranged to receive said transmitted light and produce a two-dimensional image of a section of said paper web (140); a control unit (130), arranged to control said at least one light source (120) and at least one image capturing device (110), and to receive two-dimensional images from said at least one image capturing device (110), and comprising computation means (150) arranged to compute the velocity component of said paper web (140) in the machine direction and/or the cross direction by calculating the cross correlation of two two-dimensional images.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for extracting polymeric pentose, preferably xylan, from a polymeric pentose containing liquid/slurry, preferably black liquor, comprising the following steps: a) providing a polymeric pentose containing liquid/slurry; b) concentrating the polymeric pentose by membrane separation of a said polymeric pentose containing liquid/slurry; and c) adding alcohol to the concentrate obtained in step b) and subsequently acidifying said concentrate obtained in step b) for precipitating polymeric pentose whereby a polymeric pentose product, or an intermediate polymeric pentose product, is obtained. In this above way polymeric pentose, e.g. xylan, is separated whereby the use of methanol (less lignin must be kept in solution) and acid (less acid which buffers the pH- decrease) become much lower. The present invention also provides according to a second aspect a polymeric pentose product or an intermediate polymeric pentose product obtainable by the method according to the first aspect. The present invention also provides according to a third aspect use, preferably for the production of food additives or as chemical feed stock, of the polymeric pentose product or the intermediate polymeric pentose product of the second aspect of the invention.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for replacing intra-fiber liquid in fibers by a replacement liquid, comprising the following steps; compressing the fiber cake to such a degree that a substantial quantity of the intra-fiber liquid is expressed to the space between the fibers and partially out of the fiber cake, forcibly supplying the replacement liquid to the fiber cake during the compression and thus replacing the intra-fiber liquid from the space between the fibers and letting the fibers expand while supplying additional replacement liquid which is thus further absorbed by the expanding fibers. It also relates to an arrangement for replacing intra-fiber liquid in fibers with a replacement liquid comprising a device (1, 4, 5) for compressing the fiber cake in such a degree that a substantial quantity of intra-fiber liquid is expressed to the space between the fibers and partially out of the fiber cake , a first device (6, 8, 9) for forcibly supplying the replacement liquid to the fibers during the compression and a second device (7) for supplying additional replacement liquid immediately after the device for compression arranged in an expansion area where the fibers are allowed to expand after the compression while absorbing replacement liquid. The object of the present invention is to get rid of or significantly reduce the content of contaminating material in not only the areas between the fibers in a fiber cake but also in the fiber wall pores and the lumen and replace this liquid by a replacement liquid.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing mechanical or chemi-mechanical pulp by disintegrating and treating wood material. The wood material is defibrated in a first step with a low energy input compared to conventional processes. Then the reject is screened from the defibrated wood material. The reject is then refined separately and mixed again with the rest defibrated material to a final pulp product. The invention also relates to an apparatus for manufacturing mechanical or chemi-mechanical pulp by disintegrating and treating wood based material. The apparatus comprises a defibration device (1) with a low energy input, a screening device (2) separating reject from the main part of the defibrated wood material, a reject refining device (4) and a device for (6) mixing the refined reject with the rest of the wood based material.One object of the invention is to carry out the disintegration and the refining of the pulp in such a manner, that the total energy consumption is substantially reduced relative to common practice.It is a further object of the invention to provide a method and apparatus by which it is easy to control through choice of energy inputs the characteristics of the end product by controlling the properties of the defibrated wood material through the process.
Abstract:
A process for oxygen delignification of chemical pulp comprising an oxygen treatment unit operation stage in which the pulp is treated while suspended in an aqueous solution with oxygen in the presence of alkali, whereby the pulp consistency is less than 20%; more than 50 percentage by weight of the alkali consist of one or more carbonates; and the pH of the aqueous solution during the process is adapted to provide for the essential absence of bicarbonate in said solution during the treatment. Furthermore a process for the bleaching of chemical pulp comprising a peroxide bleaching unit operation stage and an oxygen delignification process of said kind.