Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for preparing a montelukast sodium salt of Formula 1. The method includes coupling a methanesulfonyl compound of Formula 2 below with a compound of Formula 3 below in the presence of a bistrimethylsilylamide alkali metal salt, further adding an alkali metal base thereto and hydrolyzing the mixture by heating to prepare a compound of Formula 4 below, reacting the compound of Formula 4 with 4-tert-butylcyclohexylamine, followed by purification, to prepare an amine salt of Formula 5, and converting the amine salt of Formula 5 into a sodium salt.
Abstract:
A photoresist composition, a method of forming a pattern using the photoresist composition, and a method of manufacturing a display substrate are disclosed. A photoresist composition includes an alkali-soluble resin, a quinone diazide-based compound, a multivalent phenol-based compound, and a solvent. Therefore, photosensitivity for light having a wavelength in a range of about 392 nm to about 417 nm may be improved, and reliability of forming a photo pattern and a thin film pattern using the photoresist composition may be improved.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a program method of a nonvolatile memory device including applying a first program voltage to a word line of a memory cell; verifying a variation of a threshold voltage of the memory cell; and applying a second program voltage to a memory cell having a threshold voltage higher than a reference level, the second program voltage being lower in level than the first voltage pulse.
Abstract:
A method for transmitting, by a mobile device, a data object, is provided, and includes estimating expected transmission times required for transmitting an object between devices by an acoustic communication link and supported radio interfaces, based on a size of the object, transmitting the object through an acoustic communication channel when the link is estimated to provide a shortest expected transmission time, and determining rankings of the radio interfaces according to the expected transmission times when the acoustic communication link does not provide a shortest expected transmission time, transmitting rankings information and configuration information on the supported radio interfaces through the acoustic communication channel by a configuration container, and transmitting the object through a radio interface through which a response is received.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a lens actuator for focusing. The lens actuator has a bracket with a retaining groove provided in an optical axial direction of a movable lens means, a dial for focusing rotatably supported by the bracket and having a ring-shaped groove offset from a rotation center, and a lens-actuating member which includes a guide projection inserted into the ring-shaped groove, a protruding portion inserted into the retaining groove of the bracket, and a lens-actuating shaft extending out from the bracket. The lens actuator further has a lens actuator housing, and a shock-buffering means. When the dial is rotated, the lens-actuating shaft is moved forward and backward in an optical axial direction by the combined forces applied by the offset ring-shaped groove guiding the guide projection and the retaining groove allowing the protruding portion to move in the optical axial direction, but not in a direction of the lens-actuating shaft.
Abstract:
There is provided a manufacturing method of an LED module including: forming an insulating film on a substrate; forming a first ground pad and a second ground pad separated from each other on the insulating film; forming a first division film that fills a space between the first and second ground pads, a second division film deposited on a surface of the first ground pad, and a third division film deposited on a surface of the second ground pad; forming a first partition layer of a predetermined height on each of the division films; sputtering seed metal to the substrate on which the first partition layer is formed; forming a second partition layer of a predetermined height on the first partition layer; forming a first mirror connected with the first ground pad and a second mirror connected with the second ground pad by performing a metal plating process to the substrate on which the second partition layer is formed; removing the first and second partition layers; connecting a zener diode to the first mirror and connecting an LED to the second mirror; and depositing a fluorescent material so as to fill a space formed by the first mirror and the second mirror.
Abstract:
Methods of growing nitride semiconductor layers including forming nitride semiconductor dots on a substrate and growing a nitride semiconductor layer on the nitride semiconductor dots. The nitride semiconductor layer may be separated from the substrate to be used as a nitride semiconductor substrate.
Abstract:
A washing machine that senses whether a door is opened or closed, vibration of a washing tub or weight of the washing tub. The washing machine includes an optical sensor mounted at a predetermined position in the washing machine and a controller to analyze an output value of the optical sensor to determine whether a door is opened or closed, vibration of a washing tub or weight of the washing tub. Whether the door is opened or closed, vibration of the washing tub or weight of the washing tub may be determined using a single infrared sensor in a noncontact manner.
Abstract:
A system and method for connecting devices includes receiving from a first device a request to follow a second device, and setting a following relationship between the first device and the second device in response to the request.
Abstract:
Provided is a combi-card, i.e. a combination type IC card, which can be used in either contact and non-contact manner, and a communication system using the same, and the combi-card is provided with a transponder chip module formed with a RF antenna and attached in a recess region of a card body and is characterized by the use of the RF antenna of the transponder chip alone as a transmitting and receiving antenna.