Abstract:
Novel oligonucleotides, termed aptamers, that bind to GalNac of the Tn antigen. In particular, aptamers that recognize the Tn antigen on a cancer cell or underglycosylated protein are disclosed. Uses of the aptamers to detect, monitor or treat cancer are also described.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method for treating a medical condition, disease, or disorder mediated by a misfolded form of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a subject in need of treatment. The method optionally comprises administering to the subject a composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle and an agent selected from (1) an exogenous antibody or fragment thereof that binds selectively to the misfolded form of SOD, and/or (2) an immunogen that elicits production of an endogenous antibody that binds selectively to the misfolded form of SOD, and/or (3) a nucleic acid sequence encoding (1) or (2). In certain embodiments, the invention provides methods of treating diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using amyotrophic disease-specific epitopes, and compositions including these epitopes. The invention also provides antibodies that bind to monomeric or misfolded SOD1, and not on the molecular surface of native homodimeric SOD1. In addition, the invention includes methods of diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a subject. Also, the invention provides methods of identifying substances for the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and kits using the binding proteins of the invention.
Abstract:
A method of expanding double negative T cells in culture is described. The method comprises (a) providing a starting sample comprising DN T cells or precursors thereof; (b) substantially depleting CD8 + and CD4 + T cells from the starting sample; (c) culturing the sample from step (b) with an immobilized T cell mitogen in a culture medium comprising an agent that can stimulate DN T cell growth; (d) washing the cells obtained in step (c) and resuspending in a culture medium comprising the agent without the T cell mitogen; and (e) washing the cells obtained in step (d) and resuspending in a culture medium comprising the agent and a soluble T cell mitogen. The DN T cells obtained by the method are useful in a variety of applications including the treatment of cancer, infectious diseases, graft versus host disease and autoimmune disease.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods and compositions for loading an agent, such as econazole, onto a liposome for parental delivery. The loading of the agent into a liposome comprises combining the agent with a micelle-forming compound to form a micelle including the agent, where the agent is releasable from the micelle-forming compound, and adding the micelle to the liposome, where the micelle combines with the liposome such that the agent is loaded into the liposome to form a loaded liposome. The methods are suitable for the loading of poorly soluble agents onto liposome.
Abstract:
This invention is directed to a method for preparation of a biological sample for measurement of protein epitopes that allows for the preservation of intracellular protein epitopes and detection of signal transduction pathways based on the ability to capture transient activation states of the epitopes. The method provided by the invention allows for the rapid fixation of biological samples containing red food cells, to ensure that epitopes of signal transduction molecules and other intracellular protein epitopes are preserved in the active state. The method of the invention further allows for lysis of red blood cells, thereby making it a useful method for cytometric analysis of biological samples, including, for example, whole blood, bone marrow aspirates, peritoneal fluids, and other red blood cell containing samples. The invention also provides a method to recover or "unmask" epitopes on intracellular antigens that have been made inaccessible by the cross linking fixative necessary to fix the sample. Significantly, the methods of the invention allow preservation and analysis of phospho-epitope levels in biological samples taken directly from patients to determine disease-specific characteristics.
Abstract:
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used in the case of bone. A photosensitizing drug is administered to a mammal. A bone insertion member is secured into bone. A fiber optic cable sheath extends from within the bone insertion member and is accessible. A fiber optic cable is inserted in the fiber optic cable sheath to deliver light to the bone. A locking member is then attached to the insertion member. Non-thermal light at a specific wavelength is then delivered to activate the drug. The insertion member and the fiber optic cable sheath may remain inside the mammal for further photodynamic therapy.
Abstract:
Effective use of a TGF-β antagonist to treat or to prevent loss of transplant function is described herein. Use of a TGF-β antagonist is demonstrated to effectively prevent loss of organ function in a host due to chronic rejection in which TGF-β-mediated fibroproliferation is a characteristic. Expression in situ of a TGF-β antagonist in the form of a recombinant receptor, i.e., TGF-β type III receptor (TGFBIIIR) showed prevention of bronchiolitis obliterans in comparison to untreated controls in a rat lung transplant model. This provides an effective method for preventing or inhibiting chronic rejection of transplant organs such as lung, kidney, liver and hear in vertebrate hosts including human hosts.
Abstract:
Novel delivery vehicles comprising peptide based domains that can self-assemble into multivalent assemblies are described. The multivalent assemblies are preferably tetrameric assemblies such as h p53 tet . The peptide domain is preferably fused to a signal molecule such as a polycationic molecule. The vehicles are useful in delivering a wide range of agents to a cell including peptides, vaccines, cytotoxic molecules, plasmids, genes, drugs and diagnostic probes or agents.
Abstract:
A method is provided for producing a population of CD8 + Tc1 and/or Tc2 lymphocytes ex vivo . The method includes stimulating a population of T cells obtained from a subject by contacting the population with an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody and an antibody that specifically binds to a T cell costimulatory molecule in the presence of a Tc1 or Tc2 supportive environment to form a stimulated population of T cells. The stimulated population of CD8 + T cells is allowed to proliferate in a Tc1 or Tc2 supportive environment. Purified populations of Tc1 and Tc2 cells are disclosed herein, as are methods for their use.
Abstract:
There is described herein polyvalent HCV vaccines, preferably comprising SEQ ID Nos. 1-5. There is also described herein methods of designing polyvalent vaccines.